The microbiota and its metabolites in colonic mucosal health and cancer risk
Abstract
Recent advances in our ability to identify and characterize the human microbiota have transformed our appreciation of the function of the colon from an organ principally involved in the reabsorption of secretory fluids to a metabolic organ on a par with the liver. High-throughput technology has been applied to the identification of specific differences in microbial DNA, allowing the identification of trillions of microbes belonging to more than 1000 different species, with a metabolic mass of approximately 1.5 kg. The close proximity of these microbes with the mucosa and gut lymphoid tissue helps explain why a balanced microbiota is likely to preserve mucosal health, whereas an unbalanced composition, as seen in dysbiosis, may increase the prevalence of diseases not only of the mucosa but also within the body due to the strong interactions with the gut immune system, the largest immune organ of the body. Such abnormalities have been pinpointed as etiological factors in a wide range of diseases, including autoimmune disorders, allergy, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and colon cancer. Recognition of the strong potential for food to manipulate microbiota composition has opened up new therapeutic strategies against these diseases based on dietary intervention.
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SCFAs lower intracolonic pH, preventing growth of pH-sensitive pathogenic bacteria, and promote satiety by modulating secretion of satiety peptides from the gut.
“SCFAs lower intracolonic pH, hence preventing the growth of pH-sensitive pathogenic bacteria, and they also promote satiety by modulating secretion of satiety peptides from the gut [58].”
From Bariatric surgery: remission of inflammation, cardiometabolic benefits, and common adverse effects (2020) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- Vipperla, K., & O'Keefe, S. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (US)
- ORCID
- Vipperla, Kishore
- Venue
- Nutrition in Clinical Practice
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-08-06
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 624-635
- ISSN
- 0884-5336 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-2452
- OpenAlex
- W2147169580
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 8
- FWCI
- 1.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrition in Clinical Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA135379)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, colonic mucosa, dysbiosis, microbiota metabolites, colon cancer risk, gut immune system, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, autoimmune disease, obesity, dietary intervention, microbiota-based therapy
- MeSH terms
- Colon, Colonic Neoplasms, Diet, Humans, Immune System Diseases, Intestinal Diseases, Intestinal Mucosa, Obesity, Metagenome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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