The role of the gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Abstract
Important metabolic functions have been identified for the gut microbiota in health and disease. Several lines of evidence suggest a role for the gut microbiota in both the etiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and progression to its more advanced state, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Both NAFLD and NASH are strongly linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome and, accordingly, have become common worldwide problems. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth of Gram-negative organisms could promote insulin resistance, increase endogenous ethanol production and induce choline deficiency, all factors implicated in NAFLD. Among the potential mediators of this association, lipopolysaccharide (a component of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls) exerts relevant metabolic and proinflammatory effects. Although the best evidence to support a role for the gut microbiota in NAFLD and NASH comes largely from animal models, data from studies in humans (albeit at times contradictory) is accumulating and could lead to new therapeutic avenues for these highly prevalent conditions.
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- Authors
- Abu-Shanab, A., & Quigley, E. M. M.
- Affiliations
- University College Cork (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Quigley, Eamonn M. M.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
- Published
- 2010-11-02
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 691-701
- ISSN
- 1759-5045 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-5053
- OpenAlex
- W1988039243
- Cited by
- 457
- References
- 162
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 1.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, gut-liver axis, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide, insulin resistance, endogenous ethanol production, choline deficiency, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, prebiotics, probiotics, NAFLD pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bacteria, Fatty Liver, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Intestines, Liver, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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