Cited by 45Multiple Sclerosis Research StudiesTryptophan and brain disordersStress Responses and Cortisol

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Review: Brain—immune communication psychoneuroimmunology of multiple sclerosis

Kern, S., Ziemssen, T.·2008·Multiple Sclerosis Journal

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Abstract

The central nervous system (CNS) and the immune system are two extremely complex and highly adaptive systems. In the face of a real or anticipated threat, be it physical (eg, infection) or psychological (eg, psychosocial stress) in nature, the two systems act in concert to provide optimal adaptation to the demanding internal or environmental conditions. During instances of well being, the communication between these two systems is well tuned and balanced. However, a disturbed crosstalk between the CNS and the immune system is thought to play a major role in a wide series of disorders characterized by a hyporesponsive or hyperresponsive immune system. In multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease, an excess of inflammatory processes seems to be a hallmark and there is growing evidence for a disturbed communication between the CNS and the immune system as a crucial pathogenic factor. While the exact mechanisms for these phenomena are still poorly understood, the young discipline of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), which focuses on the mechanism underlying the brain to immune crosstalk, might offer some insights into the existing pathogenic mechanisms. Findings from the field of PNI might also help to gain a better understanding regarding the origin and course of MS clinical symptoms such as fatigue and depression.

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Authors: Kern, S., & Ziemssen, T.
Affiliations: Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
Corresponding author: Kern, S.
ORCID: Kern, S.
Ziemssen, T.
Venue: Multiple Sclerosis Journal
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2008-01
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Pages: 6-21
ISSN: 1352-4585 (ISSN-L)
1477-0970
DOI: 10.1177/1352458507079657
OpenAlex: W2156639289
Cited by: 45
References: 210
Citations by year: 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 0.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Multiple Sclerosis Journal (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Roland Ernst Stiftung
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords: multiple sclerosis, psychoneuroimmunology, brain-immune communication, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, psychosocial stress, fatigue, depression, MS pathogenesis
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain, Humans, Multiple Sclerosis, Psychoneuroimmunology, Neuroimmunomodulation

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