The DOI matches its Crossref record; 136 of the 139 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 1 are not checked yet; none of the 76 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology
Open accessAbstract
The role of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation is well established in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease and heart failure. Numerous trials have demonstrated both the effectiveness as well as the cost-effectiveness of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in improving exercise capacity and quality of life, and in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. However, the current COVID-19 pandemic has led to closure of many cardiac rehabilitation centres in Europe resulting in many eligible patients unable to participate in the optimisation of secondary prevention and physical performance. This elicits an even louder call for alternatives such as cardiac telerehabilitation to maintain the delivery of the core components of cardiac rehabilitation to cardiovascular disease patients. The present call for action paper gives an update of recent cardiac telerehabilitation studies and provides a practical guide for the setup of a comprehensive cardiac telerehabilitation intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic. This set up could also be relevant to any cardiovascular disease patient not able to visit cardiac rehabilitation centres regularly after the COVID-19 pandemic ceases.
Checked 2026-10-09 · 1 reference not checked yet
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This European Association of Preventive Cardiology call for action argues that COVID-19-related closure of centre-based cardiac rehabilitation makes cardiac telerehabilitation necessary to maintain secondary prevention. It reviews recent telerehabilitation evidence and provides practical guidance for remotely delivering core cardiac rehabilitation components.
Key findings
- Cardiac telerehabilitation trials generally show home-based or remote exercise training is comparable to centre-based cardiac rehabilitation for exercise capacity and quality of life, with some trials reporting greater improvements, greater patient satisfaction, or cost-effectiveness; examples include TELEREHAB III, TRiCH, TELEREH-HF, Fit@Home, and Maddison et al.
- Remote risk-factor management has supporting evidence: a meta-analysis of 104 trials with 111,653 patients found moderate-certainty evidence that proactive telephone counselling increases smoking quit rates; internet-based smoking cessation improved cessation probability by 29% short term and 19% long term; smartphone applications reduced HbA1c by 0.57% in type 2 diabetes; internet-based weight loss produced mean short-term weight loss of 2.13 kg but long-term loss of 0.17 kg.
- Safety data cited state major cardiovascular complications during supervised exercise training for cardiovascular disease patients are about one per 50,000 patient-hours; for a centre seeing 500–1000 patients per year, this translates to approximately one major event per year. Remote assessment can use electronic medical records, telephone/video consultation, remote 6-minute walk test, the HUNT study tool, and self-monitoring, with low-intensity training advised and exercise avoided in acute COVID-19 until at least 2 days afebrile.
- Practical setup recommendations include telephone, video consultation, text messaging, email, social media, and apps; privacy/GDPR-compliant systems and informed consent are advised. Remote monitoring can include blood pressure, weight, heart rate, glycaemia, and steps, with 5000 steps/day indicating sedentary lifestyle, 7000–10,000 steps/day for healthy adults, and 100 steps/minute as a reasonable moderate-intensity threshold.
Methods
- Design: a call for action/position paper from the EAPC Secondary Prevention and Rehabilitation Section, not primary research; its stated aims are to call for remote cardiac rehabilitation during COVID-19, summarise recent cardiac telerehabilitation trials, and provide a practical guide for setting up remote cardiac rehabilitation.
- Evidence base: narrative synthesis of existing trials and meta-analyses, with tables summarising recent cardiac telerehabilitation studies for coronary artery disease and telerehabilitation services in EAPC accredited centres.
- Analysis: descriptive and narrative; no new patient data, systematic review, or formal meta-analysis is described.
Limitations
- The paper states that more telerehabilitation research is needed because studies are limited and recent, conducted on selected and stabilised cardiac patients, and all performed in northern Europe; it also states there is no evidence that telerehabilitation improves participation rates, most trials focus only on exercise training and physical activity rather than all core components of cardiac rehabilitation, few trials assess recurrent events, rehospitalisations, and mortality, endpoints are prone to spontaneous recovery, and telerehabilitation studies rarely focus on phase I.
- The paper also notes limited evidence for remotely delivered psychosocial or vocational support, small sample sizes and short durations in mobile-app hypertension studies, and that firm conclusions cannot be drawn for type 2 diabetes remote management because of relatively small trial sample sizes; more RCTs are needed for smoking cessation apps.
- Evident from the text: as a call for action/position paper, the recommendations are expert guidance rather than a systematic evidence synthesis, and the COVID-19 pandemic context shapes the proposed implementation; the provided text also contains OCR gaps and truncated sections.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
61 Not checked yet · 25 Own interpretation · 10 No basis given
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Due to the closure of CR centres during the COVID-19 pandemic the centre-based patient assessment part of following telerehabilitation services was not possible.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Cardiac telerehabilitation in EAPC accredited centres
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Indeed, multimodal interventions have been shown to elicit greater survival benefits when compared with exercise-only interventions.9,10”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [9]
- Not checked yetcites [10] Müller-Riemenschneider, 2010, Effectiveness of nonpharmacological secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Kraal et al. 28 found equal efficacy of the home-based intervention with telemonitoring and the centre-based training on physical fitness, physical activity level or health-related QoL.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [28] Kraal, 2014, Effects of home-based training with telemonitoring guidance in low to moderate risk patients entering cardiac rehabilitation: short-term results of the FIT@Home Study, Eur J Prev Cardiol source
plainn = 90- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, most CR programmes are not personalised to the preferences of individual patients or subpopulations.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
In the paper
“During the past decade, different formats of telerehabilitation have been tested, yet implementation in clinical practice and in our healthcare systems has remained disappointingly low.22”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Telerehabilitation: a definition
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [22] Frederix, 2019, ESC e-Cardiology Working Group Position Paper: Overcoming challenges in digital health implementation in cardiovascular medicine, Eur J Prev Cardiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“This can lead, for example, to lower participation of women in centre-based CR programmes because women often prefer a more personal and social approach.13”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [13] Moore, 1996, Women's views of cardiac rehabilitation programs, J Cardiopulm Rehabil source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As a result, traditional centre-based CR is impossible in countries with strict lockdown policies.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > CR in times of the COVID-19 pandemic
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to closure of many cardiac rehabilitation centres in Europe.
- Rests on an assumption: Centre-based cardiac rehabilitation programmes have been closed in the majority of European countries.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Most trials reveal comparable results in exercise capacity and QoL between centre-based CR and telerehabilitation.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“The authors found that a 6-month telerehabilitation programme led to a greater improvement in physical fitness and QoL.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [24] Frederix, 2015, Medium-term effectiveness of a comprehensive internet-based and patient-specific telerehabilitation program with text messaging support for cardiac patients: randomized controlled trial, J Med Internet Res source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Current evidence suggests that home-based exercise training interventions are effective alternatives or additions for CAD and HF patients that cannot participate in centre-based CR programmes.31”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [31] Claes, 2020, Feasibility, acceptability, and clinical effectiveness of a technology-enabled cardiac rehabilitation platform (Physical Activity Toward Health-I): randomized controlled trial, J Med Internet Res
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 35
- Probably not a substantial claim. 23
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Numerous trials have demonstrated both the effectiveness as well as the cost-effectiveness of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in improving exercise capacity and quality of life, and in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Abstract
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“However, the home-based exercise training resulted in greater patient satisfaction and appeared to be more costeffective than centre-based training.29”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [29] Kraal, 2017, Clinical and cost-effectiveness of home-based cardiac rehabilitation compared to conventional, centre-based cardiac rehabilitation: results of the FIT@Home study, Eur J Prev Cardiol source
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Home-based CR and telerehabilitation programmes can overcome many of the practical barriers to CR participation and support longterm adherence to a healthy lifestyle.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Telerehabilitation: a definition
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The authors concluded that the telerehabilitation intervention was effective at 9 weeks, with significantly improving peak oxygen consumption and QoL and it was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events during exercise.27”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [27]
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, all trials included in Table 1 focus on phase II or phase III CR.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Neubeck et al. 12 divided the barriers into three levels.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [12] Neubeck, 2012, Participating in cardiac rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative data, Eur J Prev Cardiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Moreover, there is compelling evidence that delaying the start of CR after a cardiac event is associated with less improvement in cardiopulmonary fitness, and poorer uptake, attendance and completion rates of CR programmes.17,18”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > CR in times of the COVID-19 pandemic
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [17] Fell, 2016, Does the timing of cardiac rehabilitation impact fitness outcomes? An observational analysis, Open Heart source
- Not checked yetcites [18] Marzolini, 2015, Delays in referral and enrolment are associated with mitigated benefits of cardiac rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass surgery, Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes source
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Furthermore, most telerehabilitation trials have only focussed on the exercise training and physical activity component, whereas ideally telerehabilitation should address all core components of CR tailored to the risk profile of the individual patient.23”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Telerehabilitation: a definition
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [23] Janssen, 2013, Lifestyle modification programmes for patients with coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Eur J Prev Cardiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Important to mention is the fact that more telerehabilitation research is still needed because studies up to now are limited and recent, conducted on selected and stabilised cardiac patients and all trials have been performed in northern Europe.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Moreover, Frederix et al. 25 demonstrated that this intervention (CR plus telerehabilitation) induced persistent health benefits and remained cost-effective up to 2 years after the intervention.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [25] Frederix, 2017, Cardiac telerehabilitation: a novel cost-efficient care delivery strategy that can induce long-term health benefits, Eur J Prev Cardiol source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“However, the telerehabilitation intervention was not associated with an increase in the percentage of days alive and out of the hospital and did not reduce mortality and hospitalisation rate over a follow-up period of 14-26 months in comparison with usual care.27”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [27]
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The authors concluded that home-based CR was equally effective in improving clinical and health-related QoL outcomes.22”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Telerehabilitation: a definition
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [22] Frederix, 2019, ESC e-Cardiology Working Group Position Paper: Overcoming challenges in digital health implementation in cardiovascular medicine, Eur J Prev Cardiol source
plainn = 2,890- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Important causes are the low uptake of CR and poorer long-term adoption of secondary prevention measures, as shown recently in the EuroAspire audits.1,11”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [1] Bansilal, 2015, Global burden of CVD: focus on secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, Int J Cardiol source
- Not checked yetcites [11]
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, there is up to now no evidence that telerehabilitation can improve participation rates.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Telerehabilitation: a definition
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Although the core components and the effectiveness of secondary prevention and CR are well established, rehospitalisation rates for HF and recurrent events for CAD patients remain disappointingly high.3,4”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [3] Briffa, 2011, Population trends of recurrent coronary heart disease event rates remain high, Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes source
- Not checked yetcites [4] Moita, 2019, One-year rehospitalisations for congestive heart failure in Portuguese NHS hospitals: a multilevel approach on patterns of use and contributing factors, BMJ Open source
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“These endpoints are prone to spontaneous recovery and do not reflect the three pillars of secondary prevention (e.g.healthy nutrition, adherence to medication, smoking cessation, body composition).26”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [26] Avila, 2020, Home-based exercise with telemonitoring guidance in patients with coronary artery disease: does it improve long-term physical fitness?, Eur J Prev Cardiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The authors demonstrated that the intervention was an effective and cost-effective delivery model that could potentially improve overall CR utilisation rates by increasing reach and satisfying unique participant preferences.30”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [30] Maddison, 2019, Effects and costs of real-time cardiac telerehabilitation: randomised controlled non-inferiority trial, Heart source
boostedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Avila et al. 26 concluded that the homebased exercise intervention was as effective as prolonged centrebased training and resulted in equal levels of exercise capacity and physical activity.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [26] Avila, 2020, Home-based exercise with telemonitoring guidance in patients with coronary artery disease: does it improve long-term physical fitness?, Eur J Prev Cardiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, no studies have evaluated the effects of telerehabilitation implementation on participation rates of CR.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remotely guided exercise training
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Two meta-analyses published in 2019 revealed that messaging results in decreased haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and improved blood glucose control.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote diabetes management
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [71] Huang, 2019, The effect of short message service intervention on glycemic control in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Postgrad Med source
- Not checked yetcites [72] Haider, 2019, Mobile phone text messaging in improving glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Diabet Res Clin Pract source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A recent meta-analysis report by McCrabb et al. 42 in 2019 on the effectiveness of an internet-based smoking cessation intervention stated that these interventions improved the probability of cessation by 29% in the short term and by 19% in the long term when compared with comparison groups.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote smoking cessation
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [42] McCrabb, 2019, Internet-based programs incorporating behavior change techniques are associated with increased smoking cessation in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Ann Behav Med: a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Current evidence suggests that mobile applications are effective in improving BP and medication compliance; however, these studies had only small sample sizes and short durations.53”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote hypertension management
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [53] Omboni, 2019, Connected health in hypertension management, Front Cardiovasc Med source
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In conclusion, effective methods for remote smoking cessation guidance include internet-based, text messaging-based, video consultation and mobile application-based interventions.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote smoking cessation
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Another meta-analysis conducted in 2014 even concluded that a telephone follow-up intervention was no more effective than standard clinical care.65”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote diabetes management
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [65] Suksomboon, 2014, Impact of phone call intervention on glycemic control in diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials, PLoS One source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“The Cochrane Review of Taylor et al. 43 in 2017 concluded that interactive and tailored internet-based interventions with or without additional behavioural support are moderately more effective than non-active controls at 6 months or longer; however there was no evidence that these interventions were better than other active smoking treatments.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote smoking cessation
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [43] Taylor, 2017, Internet-based interventions for smoking cessation, Cochrane Database Syst Rev
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“In 2019, Masaki et al. 51 demonstrated that a smartphone application (CureApp smoking cessation) intervention resulted in high longterm continuous abstinence rates, high patient retention rates and improvements in cessation-related symptoms.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote smoking cessation
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [51] Masaki, 2019, Impact of a novel smartphone app (CureApp smoking cessation) on nicotine dependence: prospective single-arm interventional pilot study, JMIR Mhealth Uhealth source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The effects of telephone counselling appear more evident when it is provided in combination with print-based self-help materials, or brief face-to-face advice, and is less pronounced when provided as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy.38”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote smoking cessation
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [38] Matkin, 2019, Telephone counselling for smoking cessation, Cochrane Database Syst Rev
hedgedcorrelationaln = 111,653- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, in temporarily closed CR centres with staff maintenance remote patient assessment and delivery of telerehabilitation interventions is still possible.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > How to set up cardiac telerehabilitation in times of the COVID-19 pandemic
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Furthermore, Nundy et al. 102 reported that a text-message intervention in HF patients is feasible and could possibly lead to improved HF self-management.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote patient education
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [102] Nundy, 2013, A text messaging intervention to improve heart failure self-management after hospital discharge in a largely African-American population: before-after study, J Med Internet Res source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Most digital delivered psychosocial interventions are forms of cognitive behavioural therapy and are based on existing face-to-face treatments.92”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote psychosocial counselling and vocational support
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [92] Andersson, 2014 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A meta-analysis by Beleigoli et al. 81 demonstrated that internet-based digital interventions led to greater short-term (mean short-term weight loss was 2.13 kg) but not long-term weight loss (mean long-term weight loss was 0.17 kg) than offline interventions in overweight and obese adults.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote dietary counselling and weight management
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [81] Beleigoli, 2019, Web-based digital health interventions for weight loss and lifestyle habit changes in overweight and obese adults: systematic review and meta-analysis, J Med Internet Res source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Therefore, telephone and video seem the most suitable approaches to deliver remote face-to-face interventions.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote psychosocial counselling and vocational support
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“In 2003, Southard and team 99 developed and tested an internet-based programme that allows nurse case managers to deliver risk factor management training and education to patients with CAD.The authors demonstrated that this was a costeffective approach.99”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote patient education
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [99] Southard, 2003, Clinical trial of an internet-based case management system for secondary prevention of heart disease, J Cardiopulm Rehabil source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“A recent scientific statement from the American Heart Association 7 highlighted that limited health literacy is strongly associated with patient morbidity, mortality, healthcare use and costs.”
- Also stated in: § Remote patient education · boosted
“Numerous studies have demonstrated that low health literacy is associated with poorer overall health status and an increased likelihood of rehospitalisation and mortality.[94][95][96]”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote patient education
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [7] Magnani, 2018, Health literacy and cardiovascular disease: fundamental relevance to primary and secondary prevention: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, Circulation source
- Not checked yetcites [94][95][96]
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Remote patient education · boosted
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Multiple strategies can be used for remote education.In particular, telephone counselling and text messaging seem feasible approaches for a quick set-up.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote patient education
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The lack of exercise testing results makes taking safety decisions and training in heart rate zones difficult.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote patient assessment
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Desteghe et al. 100 tested an online education platform for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).They concluded that it was an effective strategy to improve AF knowledge.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote patient education
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [100] Desteghe, 2018, Effectiveness and usability of an online tailored education platform for atrial fibrillation patients undergoing a direct current cardioversion or pulmonary vein isolation, Int J Cardiol source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Multimodal behavioural interventions, integrating health education, exercise training and psychological therapy are recommended by the European guidelines because of their importance in affecting cardiovascular prognosis, treatment adherence and QoL.[33][34][35][36][37]”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote psychosocial counselling and vocational support
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [33] Knuuti, 2020, 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes: the Task Force for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), Eur Heart J source
- Not checked yetcites [34]
- Not checked yetcites [35] Ibanez, 2018, 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: the Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC, Eur Heart J source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“However, there are well established digital treatments for depression and most of the anxiety disorders, and for problems such as insomnia for the general population.91”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote psychosocial counselling and vocational support
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [91] Andersson, 2014, Advantages and limitations of Internet-based interventions for common mental disorders, World Psychiatry source
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“However, all these studies used self-developed applications which makes it difficult to implement these quickly in all in European centre-based CR.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote patient assessment
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [104][105][106]
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Educational interventions in comprehensive CR programmes may reduce fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events and improve health-related QoL.97”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote patient education
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [97] Anderson, 2017, Patient education in the management of coronary heart disease, Cochrane Database Syst Rev
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A meta-analysis by Kotb et al. 98 revealed that telephone support interventions during CR may help reduce feelings of anxiety and depression as well as improve BP and smoking cessation.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote patient education
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [98] Kotb, 2014, The effect of telephone support interventions on coronary artery disease (CAD) patient outcomes during cardiac rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis, PLoS One source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“During the COVID-19 pandemic, cardiologists can only make a decision on the safety of exercise based on the medical history of the patient, latest electrocardiogram, results of the revascularisation procedure and the left ventricular function on latest echocardiography, as well as personal contact by phone or video call.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Patient selection
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Text messaging, telephone and video consultation, and social media are simple and affordable ways to deliver the core components of CR to the patient.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Conclusion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients have access to text messaging, telephone, video consultation, and social media.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In particular, video consultations have the advantage that patients and health professionals can see each other, which allows non-verbal communication and can potentially improve the trust bond and reduce anxiety and the feeling of being left alone in difficult times.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Means of delivery of core CR components
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet, the COVID-19 pandemic has created the need for cardiac telerehabilitation, as the only possible intervention due to the temporary closure of centre-based CR programmes, limited centre resources, restricted patient travel and limited infrastructure for safe group interventions.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Conclusion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All of them except for self-developed smartphone applications and internet-based interventions are very feasible and can be quickly adopted in every CR centre.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Means of delivery of core CR components
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For home-based CR and telerehabilitation safety assessment is important because patients will exercise without the supervision of health professionals.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Patient selection
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This offers the possibilities to get experience with these digital interventions among a large and heterogeneous group of patients across Europe, which could support the future study and implementation of telerehabilitation in standard care.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Conclusion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Rests on an assumption: Patients have access to text messaging, telephone, video consultation, and social media.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The past decade's telerehabilitation has been investigated in the search for an alternative for centre-based programmes or to support the effectiveness of CR in the longer term.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Conclusion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All can be used for bidirectional communication between health professionals and patients.”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Means of delivery of core CR components
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Screening tools for exercise training such as physical activity anamnesis could aid cardiologists or physical therapists in the decision.124,125”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Patient selection
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [124] Warburton, 2011, Evidence-based risk assessment and recommendations for physical activity clearance: an introduction, Appl Physiol Nutr Metab source
- Not checked yetcites [125] Warburton, 2011, The physical activity readiness questionnaire for everyone (PAR-Qfl) and electronic physical activity readiness medical examination (ePARmed-Xfl), Health Fitness J Canada
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to closure of many cardiac rehabilitation centres in Europe.
“However, the current COVID-19 pandemic has led to closure of many cardiac rehabilitation centres in Europe resulting in many eligible patients unable to participate in the optimisation of secondary prevention and physical performance.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Centre-based cardiac rehabilitation programmes have been closed in the majority of European countries.
“This also includes centre-based CR programmes in the majority of European countries.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Many centres are now exploring feasible options for the remote delivery of personalised cardiac rehabilitation services to a large and heterogeneous group of patients.
“Hence, many centres are now exploring feasible options for the remote delivery of personalised CR services to a large and heterogeneous group of patients.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Patients have access to text messaging, telephone, video consultation, and social media.
“Text messaging, telephone and video consultation, and social media are simple and affordable ways to deliver the core components of CR to the patient.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The main reason for this surge may be attributed to the increase of this technique for triage in patients because of the current COVID-19 pandemic [12,13,14,15,16,17], and also because of the recent concern about the accuracy of these devices across all skin types [20,57,58,59,60,61].”
From Skin pigmentation influence on pulse oximetry accuracy: a systematic review and bibliometric analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Conclusion
“Kraal et al. 28 2017 RCT (1:1)”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > References
“28. Kraal J, Peek N, Van Den Akker-Van Marle E, et al. Effects of home-based training with telemonitoring guidance in low to moderate risk patients entering cardiac rehabilitation: short-term results of the FIT@Home Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2014;21 (2 Suppl.):26-31. Web.”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Conclusion
“Avila et al. 26 2019 RCT (1:1:1)”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > References
“26. Avila A, Claes J, Buys R, et al. Home-based exercise with telemonitoring guid- ance in patients with coronary artery disease: does it improve long-term phys- ical fitness? Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020;27,367-377.”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Remote smoking cessation
“All European guidelines recommend that smokers should be professionally motivated to stop smoking permanently.[33][34][35][36][37]”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > References
“37. De Vries H., Kemps HMC, Van Engen-Verheul MM, et al. Cardiac rehabilitation and survival in a large representative community cohort of Dutch patients. Eur Heart J 2015;36:1519-1528. Web.”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > Data safety and privacy
“The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has therefore developed a framework to stratify mobile applications in evidence tiers based on their potential risk for the user.The evidence level needed for each tier is proportionate to the potential risk to users presented by the mobile applications in that tier.130”
§ The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology > References
“130. Official Journal of the European Union. REGULATION (EU) 2016/679 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL”
Citations
Cites
The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x · Cited by 44,910
Frailty in Older Adults: Evidence for a Phenotype
Fried, L. P., Tangen, C. M., Walston, J., Newman, A. B., Hirsch, C., Gottdiener, J., Seeman, T., Tracy, R., Kop, W. J., Burke, G., et al. (2001) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146 · Cited by 24,907
International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity
CRAIG, C. L., MARSHALL, A. L., SJ??STR??M, M., BAUMAN, A. E., BOOTH, M. L., AINSWORTH, B. E., PRATT, M., EKELUND, U., YNGVE, A., SALLIS, J. F., et al. (2003) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000078924.61453.fb · Cited by 21,619
McDonagh, T. A., Metra, M., Adamo, M., Gardner, R. S., Baumbach, A., Böhm, M., Burri, H., Butler, J., Čelutkienė, J., Chioncel, O. D., et al. (2021) · PubMed · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab670 · Cited by 20,604
Wu, Z., & McGoogan, J. M. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.2648 · Cited by 17,016
The Timed “Up & Go”: A Test of Basic Functional Mobility for Frail Elderly Persons
Podsiadlo, D., & Richardson, S. (1991) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x · Cited by 14,418
The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support
Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2 · Cited by 13,339
Yusuf, S., Hawken, S., Ôunpuu, S., Dans, T., Avezum, A., Lanas, F., McQueen, M., Budaj, A., Pais, P., Varigos, J., et al. (2004) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17018-9 · Cited by 12,026
2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure
Ponikowski, P., Voors, A. A., Anker, S. D., Bueno, H., Cleland, J. G. F., Coats, A. J. S., Falk, V., González-Juanatey, J. R., Harjola, V.-P., Jankowska, E. A., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw128 · Cited by 11,429
Ibanez, B., James, S., Agewall, S., Antunes, M. J., Bucciarelli-Ducci, C., Bueno, H., Caforio, A. L. P., Crea, F., Goudevenos, J. A., Halvorsen, S., et al. (2018) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx393 · Cited by 9,728
European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012)
Authors/Task Force Members:, Perk, J., De Backer, G., Gohlke, H., Graham, I., Reiner, Ž., Verschuren, M., Albus, C., Benlian, P., Boysen, G., et al. (2012) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 · Cited by 8,490
Roffi, M., Patrono, C., Collet, J.-P., Mueller, C., Valgimigli, M., Andreotti, F., Bax, J. J., Borger, M. A., Brotons, C., Chew, D. P., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv320 · Cited by 8,261
2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes
Knuuti, J., Wijns, W., Saraste, A., Capodanno, D., Barbato, E., Funck-Brentano, C., Prescott, E., Storey, R. F., Deaton, C., Cuisset, T., et al. (2020) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz425 · Cited by 7,166
Self-citation2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice
Piepoli, M. F., Hoes, A. W., Agewall, S., Albus, C., Brotons, C., Catapano, A. L., Cooney, M.-T., Corrà, U., Cosyns, B., Deaton, C., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw106 · Cited by 6,457
A Trial of Lopinavir–Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19
Cao, B., Wang, Y., Wen, D., Liu, W., Wang, J., Fan, G., Ruan, L., Song, B., Cai, Y., Wei, M., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001282 · Cited by 5,258
Cosentino, F., Grant, P. J., Aboyans, V., Bailey, C. J., Ceriello, A., Delgado, V., Federici, M., Filippatos, G., Grobbee, D. E., Hansen, T. B., et al. (2020) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz486 · Cited by 4,763
Self-citationCase-fatality rate and characteristics of patients dying in relation to COVID-19 in Italy
Onder, G., Rezza, G., & Brusaferro, S. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4683 · Cited by 4,171
Global Public Health Burden of Heart Failure
Savarese, G., & Lund, L. H. (2017) · Cardiac failure review · doi:10.15420/cfr.2016:25:2 · Cited by 2,818
Rubenstein, L. Z., Harker, J. O., Salva, A., Guigoz, Y., & Vellas, B. (2001) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/56.6.m366 · Cited by 2,751
Health literacy in Europe: Comparative results of the european health literacy survey (HLS-EU)
Sørensen, K., Pelikan, J. M., Röthlin, F., Ganahl, K., Slonska, Z., Doyle, G., Fullam, J., Kondilis, B., Agrafiotis, D., Uiters, E., et al. (2015) · The European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckv043 · Cited by 2,651
A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL) predicts outcomes in middle aged African Americans
Morley, J. E., Malmstrom, T. K., & Miller, D. K. (2012) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-012-0084-2 · Cited by 2,082
Osborne, R. H., Batterham, R. W., Elsworth, G. R., Hawkins, M., & Buchbinder, R. (2013) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-658 · Cited by 1,425
Frailty Assessment in the Cardiovascular Care of Older Adults
Afilalo, J., Alexander, K. P., Mack, M. J., Maurer, M. S., Green, P., Allen, L. A., Popma, J. J., Ferrucci, L., & Forman, D. E. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.09.070 · Cited by 1,173
Advantages and limitations of Internet-based interventions for common mental disorders
Andersson, G., & Titov, N. (2014) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20083 · Cited by 1,160
Fried, L. P. (2001) · Journals of Gerontology Series A-biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · Cited by 1,103
How many steps/day are enough? for adults
Tudor-Locke, C., Craig, C. L., Brown, W. J., Clemes, S. A., De Cocker, K., Giles-Corti, B., Hatano, Y., Inoue, S., Matsudo, S. M., Mutrie, N., et al. (2011) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-8-79 · Cited by 1,087
Telephone counselling for smoking cessation
Stead, L. F., Hartmann‐Boyce, J., Perera, R., & Lancaster, T. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002850.pub3 · Cited by 1,030
Ambrosetti, M., Abreu, A., Corrà, U., Davos, C. H., Hansen, D., Frederix, I., Iliou, M. C., Pedretti, R. F. E., Schmid, J.-P., Vigorito, C., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487320913379 · Cited by 965
Self-citationKotseva, K., Backer, G. D., Bacquer, D. D., Rydén, L., Hoes, A. W., Grobbee, D. E., Maggioni, A. P., Marques-Vidal, P. M., Jennings, C. S., Abreu, A., et al. (2019) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487318825350 · Cited by 940
The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale
Williams, N. R. (2017) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqx063 · Cited by 759
Grace, S. L., Abbey, S. E., Shnek, Z. M., Irvine, J., Franche, R., & Stewart, D. E. (2002) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0163-8343(02)00179-2 · Cited by 687
Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Kenny, H., & Abel, E. D. (2019) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.118.311371 · Cited by 682
Internet-based interventions for smoking cessation
Taylor, G. M. J., Dalili, M. N., Semwal, M., Čivljak, M., Sheikh, A., & Car, J. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007078.pub5 · Cited by 676
Chow, C. K., Redfern, J., Hillis, G. S., Thakkar, J., Santo, K., Hackett, M. L., Jan, S., Graves, N., de Keizer, L., Barry, T., et al. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.10945 · Cited by 676
The Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) among older adults.
Topolski, T. D., LoGerfo, J. P., Patrick, D. L., Williams, B., Walwick, J., & Patrick, M. B. (2006) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 661
Bostock, S., & Steptoe, A. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e1602 · Cited by 638
Magnani, J. W., Mujahid, M. S., Aronow, H. D., Cené, C. W., Dickson, V. V., Havranek, E. P., Morgenstern, L. B., Paasche‐Orlow, M. K., Pollak, A. W., & Willey, J. Z. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000579 · Cited by 626
Home-based versus centre-based cardiac rehabilitation
Taylor, R. S., Dalal, H., Jolly, K., Moxham, T., & Zawada, A. (2010) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007130.pub2 · Cited by 623
Thomas, R. J., Beatty, A. L., Beckie, T. M., Brewer, L. C., Brown, T. M., Forman, D. E., Franklin, B. A., Keteyian, S. J., Kitzman, D. W., Regensteiner, J. G., et al. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000663 · Cited by 571
Anand, S. S., Hawkes, C., de Souza, R. J., Mente, A., Dehghan, M., Nugent, R., Zulyniak, M. A., Weis, T., Bernstein, A. M., Krauss, R. M., et al. (2015) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.07.050 · Cited by 507 · cited 1×
“Dietary advice is often incorporated in weight loss interventions but healthy diet choices also contribute to lower cholesterol, BP and glucose levels.(77) Internet-based weight loss and diet interventions have been evaluated in multiple studies.”
BackgroundHome-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation
Thomas, R. J., Beatty, A. L., Beckie, T. M., Brewer, L. C., Brown, T. M., Forman, D. E., Franklin, B. A., Keteyian, S. J., Kitzman, D. W., Regensteiner, J. G., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.008 · Cited by 478
Step Counting: A Review of Measurement Considerations and Health-Related Applications
Bassett, D. R., Toth, L. P., LaMunion, S. R., & Crouter, S. E. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0663-1 · Cited by 460
Mobile phone text messaging and app-based interventions for smoking cessation
Whittaker, R., McRobbie, H., Bullen, C., Rodgers, A., Gu, Y., & Dobson, R. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006611.pub5 · Cited by 452
The impact of digital technology on psychological treatments and their dissemination
Fairburn, C. G., & Patel, V. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.08.012 · Cited by 448 · cited 1×
“Less timeconsuming alternatives for health professionals could be learning exercises, self-monitoring tools, progress reports, downloadable documents, audio and video files, audio and video feedback, avatars, quizzes and games that are delivered to the patient by email, text messaging or even social media.(93)”
BackgroundDalal, H. M., Doherty, P., & Taylor, R. S. (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.h5000 · Cited by 426
Smart, N., & Marwick, T. H. (2004) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.11.033 · Cited by 414
Warburton, D. E. R., Jamnik, V. K., Bredin, S. S. D., & Gledhill, N. (2011) · The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada · doi:10.14288/hfjc.v4i2.103 · Cited by 375
Home-based versus centre-based cardiac rehabilitation
Anderson, L., Sharp, G. A., Norton, R. J., Dalal, H. M., Dean, S. G., Jolly, K. B., Cowie, A., Zawada, A., & Taylor, R. S. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007130.pub4 · Cited by 366
The Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire: development and preliminary validity
Eifert, G. H., Thompson, R. N., Zvolensky, M. J., Edwards, K., Frazer, N. L., Haddad, J. W., & Davig, J. (2000) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00132-1 · Cited by 349
Participating in cardiac rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative data
Neubeck, L., Freedman, B., Clark, A. M., Briffa, T. G., Bauman, A. E., & Redfern, J. (2011) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/1741826711409326 · Cited by 342
Blood pressure variability: clinical relevance and application
Parati, G., Stergiou, G. S., Dolan, E., & Bilo, G. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/jch.13304 · Cited by 338
Patient education in the management of coronary heart disease
Anderson, L., Brown, J. P. R., Clark, A. M., Dalal, H. M., Rossau, H. K., Bridges, C., & Taylor, R. S. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008895.pub3 · Cited by 336
Frederix, I., Caiani, E. G., Dendale, P., Anker, S., Bax, J., Böhm, A., Cowie, M., Crawford, J., de Groot, N., Dilaveris, P., et al. (2019) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487319832394 · Cited by 323
Self-citationMaddison, R., Rawstorn, J. C., Stewart, R. A. H., Benatar, J., Whittaker, R., Rolleston, A., Jiang, Y., Gao, L., Moodie, M., Warren, I., et al. (2019) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2018-313189 · Cited by 320 · cited 5×
“In 2003, Southard and team99 developed and tested an internet-based programme that allows nurse case managers to deliver risk factor management training and education to patients with CAD.”
BackgroundInfluentialOmboni, S., Gazzola, T., Carabelli, G., & Parati, G. (2013) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e32835ca8dd · Cited by 313
Fleming, G. A., Petrie, J. R., Bergenstal, R. M., Holl, R. W., Peters, A. L., & Heinemann, L. (2020) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci19-0062 · Cited by 306
Global burden of CVD: focus on secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Bansilal, S., Castellano, J. M., & Fuster, V. (2015) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(15)31026-3 · Cited by 297
Bobrow, K., Farmer, A. J., Springer, D., Shanyinde, M., Yu, L.-M., Brennan, T., Rayner, B., Namane, M., Steyn, K., Tarassenko, L., et al. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.115.017530 · Cited by 295
Beleigoli, A. M., Andrade, A. Q., Cançado, A. G., Paulo, M. N., Diniz, M. D. F. H., & Ribeiro, A. L. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.9609 · Cited by 278
Health Literacy and 30-Day Postdischarge Hospital Utilization
Mitchell, S. E., Sadikova, E., Jack, B. W., & Paasche‐Orlow, M. K. (2012) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730.2012.715233 · Cited by 273
Kraal, J. J., Marle, M. E. V. D. A., Abu–Hanna, A., Stut, W. J. J., Peek, N. B., & Kemps, H. (2017) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487317710803 · Cited by 263
Self-citationTelephone counselling for smoking cessation
Matkin, W., Ordóñez-Mena, J. M., & Hartmann‐Boyce, J. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002850.pub4 · Cited by 253
Janssen, V. R., Gucht, V. D., Dusseldorp, E., & Maes, S. (2012) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487312462824 · Cited by 224
Estimating V˙O2peak from a Nonexercise Prediction Model: The HUNT Study, Norway
NES, B. M., JANSZKY, I., VATTEN, L. J., NILSEN, T. I. L., ASPENES, S. T., & WISLØFF, U. (2011) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31821d3f6f · Cited by 219
Clinical Trial of an Internet-based Case Management System for Secondary Prevention of Heart Disease
Southard, B. H., Southard, D. R., & Nuckolls, J. (2003) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00008483-200309000-00003 · Cited by 216
A review of telerehabilitation for cardiac patients
Frederix, I., Vanhees, L., Dendale, P., & Goetschalckx, K. (2014) · Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare · doi:10.1177/1357633x14562732 · Cited by 194
Self-citationPiotrowicz, E., Pencina, M. J., Opolski, G., Zaręba, W., Banach, M., Kowalik, I., Orzechowski, P., Szalewska, D., Pluta, S., Główczyńska, R., et al. (2019) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.5006 · Cited by 186
Frederix, I., Hansen, D., Coninx, K., Vandervoort, P., Vandijck, D., Hens, N., Van Craenenbroeck, E., Van Driessche, N., & Dendale, P. (2015) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.4799 · Cited by 185
Self-citationFrederix, I., Solmi, F., Piepoli, M. F., & Dendale, P. (2017) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487317732274 · Cited by 172
Self-citationPavy, B. (2006) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.166.21.2329 · Cited by 167
Efficacy of SMS Text Message Interventions for Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis
Spohr, S. A., Nandy, R. R., Gandhiraj, D., Vemulapalli, A., Anne, S., & Walters, S. T. (2015) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2015.01.011 · Cited by 166
Alessa, T., Abdi, S., Hawley, M. S., & de Witte, L. (2018) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/10723 · Cited by 160
A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions for weight management using text messaging
Siopis, G., Chey, T., & Allman‐Farinelli, M. (2015) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/jhn.12207 · Cited by 155
Duan, Y., Xie, Z., Dong, F., Wu, Z., Lin, Z., Sun, N., & Xu, J. (2017) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/jhh.2016.99 · Cited by 154
Population Trends of Recurrent Coronary Heart Disease Event Rates Remain High
Briffa, T. G., HOBBS, M. S. T., Tonkin, A. M., Sanfilippo, F. M., Hickling, S., Ridout, S. C., & Knuiman, M. W. (2010) · Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes · doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.110.957944 · Cited by 150
Schippers, M., Adam, P. C. G., Smolenski, D. J., Wong, H. T. H., & de Wit, J. B. F. (2017) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12492 · Cited by 150
Cardiac rehabilitation and survival in a large representative community cohort of Dutch patients
de Vries, H., Kemps, H., van Engen-Verheul, M. M., Kraaijenhagen, R. A., & Peek, N. B. (2015) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv111 · Cited by 147
Self-citationHou, C., Xu, Q., Diao, S., Hewitt, J., Li, J., & Carter, B. (2018) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.13307 · Cited by 127
Khoury, C. F. E., Karavetian, M., Halfens, R. J. G., Crutzen, R., Khoja, L., & Schols, J. M. G. A. (2019) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2018.11.010 · Cited by 120
Connected Health in Hypertension Management
Omboni, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2019.00076 · Cited by 119
Kraal, J. J., Peek, N., Van den Akker-Van Marle, M. E., & Kemps, H. M. (2014) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487314552606 · Cited by 116
Self-citationKleinman, N. J., Shah, A., Shah, S., Phatak, S., & Viswanathan, V. (2017) · Telemedicine and e-Health · doi:10.1089/tmj.2016.0265 · Cited by 116
Women's views of cardiac rehabilitation programs
Moore, S. M. (1996) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00008483-199603000-00007 · Cited by 113
Nundy, S., Razi, R. R., Dick, J. J., Smith, B., Mayo, A., O'Connor, A., & Meltzer, D. O. (2013) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.2317 · Cited by 113
The Internet and CBT: A Clinical Guide
Andersson, G. (2014) · Cited by 110
The Influence of Community and Individual Health Literacy on Self-Reported Health Status
Sentell, T. L., Zhang, W., Davis, J. W., Baker, K. K., & Braun, K. L. (2013) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-013-2638-3 · Cited by 108
Xiong, S., Berkhouse, H., Schooler, M., Pu, W., Sun, A., Gong, E., & Yan, L. L. (2018) · Current Hypertension Reports · doi:10.1007/s11906-018-0886-7 · Cited by 106
Müssener, U., Bendtsen, M., Karlsson, N. E., White, I. R., McCambridge, J., & Bendtsen, P. (2016) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.8260 · Cited by 104
Comparative and cost effectiveness of telemedicine versus telephone counseling for smoking cessation
Richter, K. P., Shireman, T. I., Ellerbeck, E. F., Cupertino, A. P., Catley, D., Cox, L. S., Preacher, K. J., Spaulding, R., Mussulman, L. M., Nazir, N., et al. (2015) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3975 · Cited by 102
Haider, R., Sudini, L., Chow, C. K., & Cheung, N. W. (2019) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2019.02.022 · Cited by 102
Ávila, A., Claes, J., Buys, R., Azzawi, M., Vanhees, L., & Cornelissen, V. (2019) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487319892201 · Cited by 100
Self-citationCapela, N. A., Lemaire, E. D., & Baddour, N. (2015) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-015-0013-9 · Cited by 93
Warburton, D. E. R., Jamnik, V., Bredin, S. S. D., McKenzie, D. C., Stone, J. A., Shephard, R. J., & Gledhill, N. (2011) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h11-060 · Cited by 85
Host, B. K. J., Turner, A. W., & Muir, J. (2017) · Clinical and Experimental Optometry · doi:10.1111/cxo.12535 · Cited by 84
Marzolini, S., Blanchard, C. M., Alter, D. A., Grace, S. L., & OH, P. I. (2015) · Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes · doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.115.001751 · Cited by 75
The Mobile-Based 6-Minute Walk Test: Usability Study and Algorithm Development and Validation
Salvi, D., Poffley, E., Orchard, E., & Tarassenko, L. (2019) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/13756 · Cited by 73
Zhang, L., He, X., Shen, Y., Yu, H., Pan, J., Zhu, W., Zhou, J., & Bao, Y. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/15401 · Cited by 73
Wu, L., Forbes, A., Griffiths, P., Milligan, P., & While, A. (2010) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.03113.x · Cited by 67
Kotb, A., Hsieh, S., & Wells, G. A. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096581 · Cited by 66
Yu, Y., Yan, Q., Li, H., Li, H., Wang, L., Wang, H., Zhang, Y., Xu, L., Tang, Z., Yan, X., et al. (2019) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.13031 · Cited by 65 · cited 1×
“Two recent trials suggest the great potential of smartphone application in T2DM care; however, it seems that a remote management application can support a more sustained glycaemic control than solely using a self-management application.(74,75) Unfortunately, firm conclusions cannot be drawn in view of the relatively s…”
BackgroundAssociations Between Self-Monitoring and Weight Change in Behavioral Weight Loss Interventions
Goldstein, S. P., Goldstein, C. M., Bond, D. S., Raynor, H. A., Wing, R. R., & Thomas, J. G. (2019) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000800 · Cited by 63 · cited 2×
“Goldstein et al.(84) and Muralidharan et al.”
Levin, K., Madsen, J. R., Petersen, I., Wanscher, C. E., & Hangaard, J. (2013) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/193229681300700302 · Cited by 63
The Internet and CBT: A Clinical Guide
Andersson, G. (2014) · doi:10.1201/b13645 · Cited by 63
Does the timing of cardiac rehabilitation impact fitness outcomes? An observational analysis
Fell, J., Dale, V., & Doherty, P. (2016) · Open Heart · doi:10.1136/openhrt-2015-000369 · Cited by 62
Claes, J., Cornelissen, V., McDermott, C. M., Moyna, N. M., Pattyn, N., Cornelis, N., Gallagher, A., McCormack, C. M., Newton, H., Gillain, A., et al. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/14221 · Cited by 60
Self-citationReal-time video counselling for smoking cessation
Tzelepis, F., Paul, C. L., Williams, C. M., Gilligan, C., Regan, T. W., Daly, J., Hodder, R. K., Byrnes, E., Byaruhanga, J., McFadyen, T., et al. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012659.pub2 · Cited by 59
Suksomboon, N., Poolsup, N., & Nge, Y. L. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0089207 · Cited by 58
Effectiveness of nonpharmacological secondary prevention of coronary heart disease
Müller-Riemenschneider, F., Meinhard, C., Damm, K., Vauth, C., Bockelbrink, A., Greiner, W., & Willich, S. N. (2010) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/hjr.0b013e32833a1c95 · Cited by 57
McLendon, S. F. (2017) · Diabetes Spectrum · doi:10.2337/ds16-0004 · Cited by 57 · cited 1×
“Video consultations can be used to monitor glycaemic levels, medication adjustments and potentially even for real-time teleophthalmology.(69,70) Text messaging interventions could also have a place in the remote management of T2DM.”
BackgroundEffect of Mobile Health on Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Park, S., Hwang, J.-H., & Choi, Y.-K. (2019) · Healthcare Informatics Research · doi:10.4258/hir.2019.25.1.12 · Cited by 57
McCrabb, S., Baker, A. L., Attia, J., Skelton, E., Twyman, L., Palazzi, K., McCarter, K., Ku, D., & Bonevski, B. (2019) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kay026 · Cited by 56
Developing a Telephone Assessment of Physical Activity (TAPA) questionnaire for older adults.
Mayer, C. J., Steinman, L. E., Williams, B., Topolski, T. D., & LoGerfo, J. P. (2008) · PubMed Central · Cited by 51
Masaki, K., Tateno, H., Kameyama, N., Morino, E., Watanabe, R., Sekine, K., Ono, T., Satake, K., Suzuki, S., Nomura, A., et al. (2019) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/12694 · Cited by 51
Telephone counselling for smoking cessation
- (2019) · Kazan medical journal · doi:10.17816/kmj16413 · Cited by 47
Kim, S., Darwish, S., Lee, S. A., Sprague, C., & DeMarco, R. F. (2018) · International Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.2147/ijwh.s172669 · Cited by 45
Desteghe, L., Germeys, J., Vijgen, J. M., Koopman, P., Dilling-Boer, D. M., Schurmans, J., Delesie, M., Dendale, P., & Heidbüchel, H. (2018) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.07.065 · Cited by 42
Self-citationEngagement and weight loss: results from the Mobile Health and Diabetes Trial
Muralidharan, S., Ranjani, H., Mohan Anjana, R., Jena, S., Tandon, N., Gupta, Y., Ambekar, S., Koppikar, V., Jagannathan, N., Allender, S., et al. (2019) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2019.0134 · Cited by 42
Job, J. R., Fjeldsoe, B. S., Eakin, E. G., & Reeves, M. M. (2018) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12648 · Cited by 41
Text to Quit China: An mHealth Smoking Cessation Trial
Augustson, E. M., Engelgau, M. M., Zhang, S., Cai, Y., Cher, W., Li, R., Jiang, Y., Lynch, K. L., & Bromberg, J. E. (2016) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/ajhp.140812-quan-399 · Cited by 40
Design of a Mediterranean Exchange List Diet Implemented by Telephone Counseling
Djurić, Z., VanLoon, G., Radakovich, K., DiLaura, N. M., Heilbrun, L. K., & Sen, A. (2008) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/j.jada.2008.09.006 · Cited by 39
Parsons, J. K., Newman, V. A., Mohler, J. L., Pierce, J. P., Paskett, E. D., & Marshall, J. R. (2008) · Urology · doi:10.1016/j.urology.2007.11.050 · Cited by 38
Ybarra, M. L., Jiang, Y., Free, C., Abroms, L. C., & Whittaker, R. (2016) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.05.002 · Cited by 36
Campos, R. C., de Larrinoa, A. A. F., Moríñigo, A., Parraza, N., & Barandiarán, F. A. (2016) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntw300 · Cited by 35
Plaete, J., Bourdeaudhuij, I. D., Verloigne, M., & Crombez, G. (2015) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2015.07.014 · Cited by 34
Real-time video counselling for smoking cessation
Tzelepis, F., Paul, C. L., Williams, C. M., Gilligan, C., Regan, T. W., Daly, J., Hodder, R. K., & Wiggers, J. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012659 · Cited by 27
Reyhaneh, M., Movahhedeh, A. T., Hoveidamanesh, S., Ghanavati, R., & Pournik, O. (2018) · Studies in health technology and informatics · doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-852-5-306 · Cited by 26
Toledo, F. G. S., Ruppert, K., Huber, K. A., & Siminerio, L. M. (2014) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-1909 · Cited by 24
Huang, L., Yan, Z., & Huang, H. (2019) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.1080/00325481.2019.1668723 · Cited by 23
Prevention: From the cradle to the grave and beyond
Dendale, P., Scherrenberg, M., Sivakova, O. V., & Frederix, I. (2019) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487318821772 · Cited by 21
Self-citationKraal, J. J., Sartor, F., Papini, G. B., Stut, W. J. J., Peek, N. B., Kemps, H., & Bonomi, A. (2016) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487316667786 · Cited by 20
Self-citationNaughton, F., Cooper, S. E., Bowker, K., Campbell, K. A., Sutton, S. R., Leonardi‐Bee, J., Sloan, M. A., & Coleman, T. J. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008871 · Cited by 17
Khavandi, A. (2014) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199654901.003.0018 · Cited by 17
Harden, S. M., You, W., Almeida, F. A., Hill, J. L., Linnan, L. A., Allen, K. C., & Estabrooks, P. A. (2015) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198115578751 · Cited by 15 · cited 2×
“Harden et al.(78) revealed in 2015 that an internetbased worksite weight loss programme resulted in clinically significant weight loss ( 5% weight loss) in 22% of the patients.”
BackgroundChanges of dietary patterns during participation in a web-based weight-reduction programme
Winzer, E., Aspalter, R. M., Wakolbinger, M., Longin, R., Rieder, A., & Dorner, T. E. (2015) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980015002852 · Cited by 14
Moita, B., Marques, A. P., Camacho, A., Neves, P. L., & Santana, R. M. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031346 · Cited by 9
Implementation and evaluation of diabetes management via clinical video telehealth
Verbosky, N., Beckey, C., & Lutfi, N. (2016) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc15-1391 · Cited by 7
Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk: just another risk factor?
Torp-Pedersen, C., Rask-Madsen, C., Gustafsson, I., Gustafsson, F., & Køber, L. (2003) · European Heart Journal Supplements · doi:10.1016/s1520-765x(03)90013-7 · Cited by 5
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Beck, 1996, Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes
Byrne, R. A., Rossello, X., Coughlan, J. J., Barbato, E., Berry, C., Chieffo, A., Claeys, M. J., Dan, G.-A., Dweck, M. R., Galbraith, M., et al. (2023) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad191 · Cited by 5,333
The role of cardiac rehabilitation in improving cardiovascular outcomes
Taylor, R. S., Dalal, H. M., & McDonagh, S. T. J. (2021) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-021-00611-7 · Cited by 601
2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes
Byrne, R. A., Rosselló, X., Coughlan, J. J., Barbato, E., Berry, C., Chieffo, A., Claeys, M. J., Dan, G., Dweck, M. R., Galbraith, M., et al. (2023) · European Heart Journal Acute Cardiovascular Care · doi:10.1093/ehjacc/zuad107 · Cited by 373
Ramachandran, H. J., Jiang, Y., Tam, W., Yeo, T. J., & Wang, W. (2021) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwab106 · Cited by 217
Home-based versus centre-based cardiac rehabilitation
McDonagh, S. T. J., Dalal, H. M., Moore, S. F., Clark, C. E., Dean, S. G., Jolly, K. B., Cowie, A., Afzal, J., & Taylor, R. S. (2023) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007130.pub5 · Cited by 178
Metadata
- Authors
- Scherrenberg, M., Wilhelm, M., Hansen, D., Völler, H., Cornelissen, V., Frederix, I., Kemps, H., & Dendale, P.
- Affiliations
- Jessa Hospital (BE)
- University Hospital of Bern (CH)
- University of Potsdam (DE)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- University of Antwerp (BE)
- Máxima Medisch Centrum (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Dendale, Paul
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2020-07-03
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 524-540
- ISSN
- 2047-4873 (ISSN-L)
- 2047-4881
- PMC
- PMC7928994
- OpenAlex
- W3039903958
- Semantic Scholar
- 50d105c1b9a8b2135d24962ad6f9fea2b843309e
- Cited by
- 251
- References
- 139
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 11
- FWCI
- 27.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- European Journal of Preventive Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion)
- Document Server@UHasselt (UHasselt) (submittedVersion)
- publish.UP (University of Potsdam) (submittedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion)
- TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Keywords
- cardiac telerehabilitation, COVID-19 pandemic, cardiac rehabilitation, secondary prevention, cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, heart failure, exercise capacity, quality of life, cardiovascular mortality, remote patient monitoring
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-09, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-09 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
