Emerging prospects of macro- and microalgae as prebiotic
Open accessAbstract
Macro- and microalgae-based foods are becoming popular due to their high nutritious value. The algal biomass is enriched with polysaccharides, protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, vitamins and minerals. However, the most promising fraction is polysaccharides (PS) or their derivatives (as dietary fibers) which are not entirely fermented by colonic bacteria hence act as potential prebiotic. Primarily, algae become famous as prominent protein sources. Recently, these are widely adopted as functional food (e.g., desserts, dairy products, oil-derivatives, pastas etc.) or animal feed (for poultry, cattle, fish etc.). Besides prebiotic and balanced amino acids source, algae derived compounds implied as therapeutics due to comprising bioactive properties to elicit immunomodulatory, antioxidative, anticancerous, anticoagulant, hepato-protective, and antihypertensive responses. Despite the above potentials, broader research determinations are inevitable to explore these algal compounds until microalgae become a business reality for broader and specific applications in all health domains. However, scale up of algal bioprocess remains a major challenge until commercial affordability is accomplished which can be possible by discovering their hidden potentials and increasing their value and application prospects. This review provides an overview of the significance of algae consumption for several health benefits in humans and animals mainly as prebiotics, however their functional food and animal feed potential are briefly covered. Moreover, their potential to develop an algal-based food industry to meet the people's requirements not only as a sustainable food solution with several health benefits but also as therapeutics is inevitable.
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Microalgal polysaccharides selectively promote growth of beneficial gut microbes such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii.
“These compounds have been shown to selectively promote the growth of beneficial gut microbes such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, as supported by recent studies on microalgae-derived prebiotics [60,61].”
From Microalgae Bioactives for Functional Food Innovation and Health Promotion (2025) · cites this paper as [61]
The Background and Table 4 (pages not provided) report that algal extracts or oligo-/polysaccharides promote Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Table 4 lists Faecalibacterium prausnitzii as increased by fructans, not by microalgal polysaccharides, so the claim's attribution for that species is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMicroalgae contain non-digestible polysaccharides and fibres with prebiotic effects, including sulphated polysaccharides, β-glucans, and xylans/rhamnose-rich polysaccharides.
“Microalgae contain various non-digestible polysaccharides and fibres with prebiotic effects, including sulphated polysaccharides (e.g., from Porphyridium), β-glucans (e.g., from Chlorella), and xylans and rhamnose-rich polysaccharides (e.g., from Spirulina).”
From Microalgae Bioactives for Functional Food Innovation and Health Promotion (2025) · cites this paper as [61]
The ‘Prebiotic potential of algal compounds’ section says algal polysaccharides are generally undigested in the upper gut and can act as prebiotics; it also identifies β-glucan in C. vulgaris. It does not identify sulphated polysaccharides in Porphyridium or xylans and rhamnose-rich polysaccharides in Spirulina, although Table 4 lists prebiotic effects for oligo- and polysaccharides in Spirulina biomass. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Self-citationBioactivity and Applications of Polysaccharides from Marine Microalgae
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Self-citationCompound Prioritization Methods Increase Rates of Chemical Probe Discovery in Model Organisms
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Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [83]Lee YK Handbook of probiotics and prebiotics 2009 New Jersey Wiley
- [97]Raposo MFJ Morais AMMB Morais RMSC Ramawat KG Mérillon JM Polysaccharides from marine microalgae Polysaccharides: bioactivity and biotechnology 2015 Cham Springer International Publishing 1683 1727
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Microalgae Bioactives for Functional Food Innovation and Health Promotion
Guil-Guerrero, J. L., & Prates, J. A. M. (2025) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods14122122 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“These compounds have been shown to selectively promote the growth of beneficial gut microbes such as Lactobacillus , Bifidobacterium , and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , as supported by recent studies on microalgae-derived prebiotics [60,61].”
Microalgae in Terms of Biomedical Technology: Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Metabiotics
Oleskin, A. V., & Boyang, C. (2022) · Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology · doi:10.1134/s0003683822060126 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
- Authors
- Patel, A. K., Singhania, R. R., Awasthi, M. K., Varjani, S., Bhatia, S. K., Tsai, M.-L., Hsieh, S.-L., Chen, C.-W., & Dong, C.-D.
- Affiliations
- National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology (TW)
- Northwest A&F University (CN)
- Konkuk University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Dong, Cheng-Di
- ORCID
- Venue
- Microbial Cell Factories
- Published
- 2021-06-05
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 112-112
- ISSN
- 1475-2859 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8180151
- OpenAlex
- W3168299746
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 122
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 2.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Microbial Cell Factories (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- The Taiwan MOST (Ref. No. 109-2222-E-992-002)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Keywords
- seaweed, microalgae, prebiotics, algal polysaccharides, dietary fiber, functional foods, animal feed, algal proteins, bioactive compounds, immunomodulation, antioxidant activity, anticancer activity, sustainable food
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animal Feed, Dietary Fiber, Humans, Polysaccharides, Seaweed, Food Industry, Gastrointestinal Tract, Functional Food, Prebiotics, Microalgae, Phytochemicals
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