An ecological Theory of Motion Sickness and Postural Instability
Abstract
In this article we present a new theory of motion sickness. In the sensory conflict theory, changes in stimulation of perceptual systems are believed to be responsible for motion sickness. We discuss the fact that these changes in stimulation are not independent of the animal-environment interaction, but are determined by corresponding changes in the constraints operating on the control of action. Thus, provocative situations may be characterized by novel demands on the control of action as well as by novel patterns of stimulation. Our hypothesis is that animals become sick in situations in which they do not possess (or have not yet learned) strategies that are effective for the maintenance of postural stability. We identify a broad range of situations over which the occurrence of motion sickness is related to factors that should influence postural stability. This allows us to establish a logical link between motion sickness and postural stability. Our analysis implies that an understanding of stability should be an important part of the agenda in research on perception and action in general. We suggest that postural instability could be related to the concept of dynamical disease which has been developed in the literature on nonlinear physiological control systems. We conclude with suggestions for research based on the new approach.
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The ecological theory of motion sickness is based on the hypothesis that motion sickness is caused by postural instability, a loss of postural control.
“The ecological theory of motion sickness is based on the hypothesis that motion sickness is caused by postural instability, a loss of postural control (Riccio and Stoffregen 1991).”
From Motion sickness: more than nausea and vomiting (2014) · cites this paper as Riccio and Stoffregen 1991
Postural instability theory claims that changes in postural stability are the crucial factor underlying VIMS, and postural instability precedes and causes VIMS.
“Another prominent theory highlights the potential role of postural stability (Riccio and Stoffregen, 1991; Stoffregen and Riccio, 1991), claiming that changes in postural stability are the crucial factor underlying VIMS. Following this approach, postural instability is not only a consequence of VIMS, but also precedes and causes it.”
From Vection and visually induced motion sickness: how are they related? (2015) · cites this paper as Riccio and Stoffregen, 1991
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- Authors
- Riccio, G. E., & Stoffregen, T. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Venue
- Ecological Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1991-09
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 195-240
- ISSN
- 1040-7413 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-6969
- OpenAlex
- W2054749727
- Cited by
- 761
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 44 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 7.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ecological Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Embodied and Extended Cognition
- Keywords
- motion sickness, postural instability, sensory conflict theory, ecological theory, perception-action coupling, action control, animal-environment interactions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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