Adolescent Engagement in Dangerous Behaviors Is Associated with Increased White Matter Maturity of Frontal Cortex
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Myelination of white matter in the brain continues throughout adolescence and early adulthood. This cortical immaturity has been suggested as a potential cause of dangerous and impulsive behaviors in adolescence. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We tested this hypothesis in a group of healthy adolescents, age 12-18 (N = 91), who underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to delineate cortical white matter tracts. As a measure of real-world risk taking, participants completed the Adolescent Risk Questionnaire (ARQ) which measures engagement in dangerous activities. After adjusting for age-related changes in both DTI and ARQ, engagement in dangerous behaviors was found to be positively correlated with fractional anisotropy and negatively correlated with transverse diffusivity in frontal white matter tracts, indicative of increased myelination and/or density of fibers (ages 14-18, N = 60). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The direction of correlation suggests that rather than having immature cortices, adolescents who engage in dangerous activities have frontal white matter tracts that are more adult in form than their more conservative peers.
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Some studies have found that same-aged individuals with more well-developed connections between cortical and subcortical areas engage in relatively more risk taking.
“some studies have also found that same-aged individuals with more well-developed connections between cortical and subcortical areas engage in relatively more risk taking (Berns et al., 2009, DeWitt et al., 2014).”
From The dual systems model: Review, reappraisal, and reaffirmation (2016) · cites this paper as Berns et al., 2009
The Results report that, among adolescents aged 14–18, greater dangerous-behavior scores were associated with white matter measures interpreted as more mature frontal tracts after adjustment for age and sex. The Discussion identifies some associated fibers as pathways linking the cortex with the brainstem and spinal cord, but also says no correlation was found for subcortical white matter tracts. The claim is therefore supported for age-matched risk taking and frontal white matter maturity, but overgeneralizes the finding as better-developed connections between cortical and subcortical areas. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAfter accounting for age-related rises in both, greater white matter maturity tracked with more risky behavior.
“increased WM maturity was associated with increased engagement in risky behaviors, adjusting for known age-related increases in both measures [57].”
From Arrested development? Reconsidering dual-systems models of brain function in adolescence and disorders (2012) · cites this paper as [57]
White matter structural maturity correlates with greater, not lesser, risk-taking.
“structural maturity of white matter is correlated with more, not less, risk-taking.”
From A behavioral scientist looks at the science of adolescent brain development (2010) · cites this paper as Berns et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Berns, G. S., Moore, S., & Capra, C. M.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Berns, Gregory S.
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2009-08-26
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- e6773
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2728774
- OpenAlex
- W2145089809
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01 DA20116, R01DA016434, R01DA020116)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- adolescent risk-taking, dangerous behavior, white matter maturation, myelination, frontal cortex, fractional anisotropy, white matter tracts, impulsive behavior, cortical development
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Child, Dangerous Behavior, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Assessment
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