Frontostriatal Microstructure Modulates Efficient Recruitment of Cognitive Control
Abstract
Many studies have linked activity in a frontostriatal network with the capacity to suppress inappropriate thoughts and actions, but relatively few have examined the role of connectivity between these structures. Here, we use diffusion tensor imaging to assess frontostriatal connectivity in 21 subjects (ages 7-31 years). Fifteen subjects were tested on a go/no-go task, where they responded with a button press to a visual stimulus and inhibited a response to a second infrequent stimulus. An automated fiber tracking algorithm was used to delineate white matter fibers adjacent to ventral prefrontal cortex and the striatum, and the corticospinal tract, which was not expected to contribute to control per se. Diffusion in frontostriatal and corticospinal tracts became more restricted with age. This shift was paralleled by an increase in efficiency of task performance. Frontostriatal radial diffusivities predicted faster reaction times, independent of age and accuracy, and this correlation grew stronger for trials expected to require greater control. This was not observed in the corticospinal tract. On trials matched for speed of task performance, adults were significantly more accurate, and accuracies were correlated with frontostriatal, but not corticospinal, diffusivities. These findings suggest that frontostriatal connectivity may contribute to developmental and individual differences in the efficient recruitment of cognitive control.
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These neurobiological changes underlie profound maturation in motivational and cognitive domains across adolescence.
“These neurobiological changes underlie the profound maturation in motivational and cognitive domains across adolescence [30–34]”
From Adolescent nicotine exposure and persistent neurocircuitry changes: unveiling lifelong psychiatric risks (2025) · cites this paper as [34]
The Introduction (page not provided) describes frontostriatal maturation through adolescence alongside developing cognitive control, and the Discussion links frontostriatal connectivity to that capacity. The paper does not address maturation in the motivational domain; its reported comparison is primarily between children and adults, rather than a demonstration of change across adolescence. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredWhite matter tracts between prefrontal-basal ganglia and posterior fiber tracts continue to develop across childhood into adulthood, but only tracts between the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia are correlated with impulse control, as measured by performance on a go/no-go task.
“Using a similar approach, Liston and colleagues (2006) have shown that white matter tracts between prefrontal–basal ganglia and posterior fiber tracts continue to develop across childhood into adulthood, but only tracts between the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia are correlated with impulse control, as measured by performance on a go/no-go task.”
From <i>The Adolescent Brain</i> (2008) · cites this paper as Liston et al. 2006
Stop-signal reaction time did not correlate significantly with right dlPFC-striatum functional connectivity.
“Consistent with several studies (53), there was a significant correlation between SSRT and right IFG -striatum tract strength ( r = -0.31, P = 0.045) but, importantly, not with structural and functional connectivity of the right dlPFC -striatum ( r = -0.15, P = 0.33, and r = 0.06, P = 0.66, respectively; Fig. S2).”
From Adolescent impatience decreases with increased frontostriatal connectivity (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
Stop-signal reaction time correlated significantly with right IFG-striatum tract strength.
“Consistent with several studies (53), there was a significant correlation between SSRT and right IFG -striatum tract strength ( r = -0.31, P = 0.045) but, importantly, not with structural and functional connectivity of the right dlPFC -striatum ( r = -0.15, P = 0.33, and r = 0.06, P = 0.66, respectively; Fig. S2).”
From Adolescent impatience decreases with increased frontostriatal connectivity (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
Stop-signal reaction time did not correlate significantly with right dlPFC-striatum structural connectivity.
“Consistent with several studies (53), there was a significant correlation between SSRT and right IFG -striatum tract strength ( r = -0.31, P = 0.045) but, importantly, not with structural and functional connectivity of the right dlPFC -striatum ( r = -0.15, P = 0.33, and r = 0.06, P = 0.66, respectively; Fig. S2).”
From Adolescent impatience decreases with increased frontostriatal connectivity (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
Functional connectivity studies suggest that integration and coordination between brain regions, including subcortical to cortical connections, become more refined and efficient over adolescence, leading to reduced task-irrelevant connections, strengthening of connections supporting goal-directed actions, and elimination of redundant connections.
“functional connectivity studies suggest that the integration and coordination between brain regions, including subcortical to cortical connections, become more refined and efficient over adolescence, leading to reduced task-irrelevant connections, strengthening of connections supporting goal-directed actions, and elimination of redundant connections (Durston, Davidson et al. 2006; Liston, Watts et”
From Developmental imaging genetics: Linking dopamine function to adolescent behavior (2014) · cites this paper as Liston, Watts et al. 2006
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- Authors
- Liston, C., Watts, R., Tottenham, N., Davidson, M. C., Niogi, S., Ulug, A. M., & Casey, B. J.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Liston, Conor
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-07-20
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 553-560
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- OpenAlex
- W2137938217
- Cited by
- 477
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 73 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 9.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH063255, R01 MH 63255, R01MH091864, P01 MH 62196)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R21 DA 15882, R21DA015882)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM 07739, T32GM007739)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- frontostriatal connectivity, cognitive control, white matter microstructure, radial diffusivity, go/no-go task, response inhibition, ventral prefrontal cortex, striatum, corticospinal tract, developmental changes, individual differences, diffusion tensor imaging, tractography
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aging, Brain Mapping, Child, Cognition, Corpus Striatum, Discrimination Learning, Female, Humans, Male, Neural Pathways, Psychomotor Performance, Prefrontal Cortex
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