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Cited by 548Schizophrenia research and treatmentFunctional Brain Connectivity StudiesMental Health and Psychiatry

Does the salience network play a cardinal role in psychosis? An emerging hypothesis of insular dysfunction

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Palaniyappan, Lena, Liddle, Peter F.·2012·Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
DOI 10.1503/jpn.100176PMC PMC3244495
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Abstract

The insular cortex is one of the brain regions that show consistent abnormalities in both structural and functional neuroimaging studies of schizophrenia. In healthy individuals, the insula has been implicated in a myriad of physiologic functions. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula together constitute the salience network, an intrinsic large-scale network showing strong functional connectivity. Considering the insula as a functional unit along with the ACC provides an integrated understanding of the role of the insula in information processing. In this review, we bring together evidence from imaging studies to understand the role of the salience network in schizophrenia and propose a model of insular dysfunction in psychosis.

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  • Anxiety and psychosis have been specifically associated with mismatches between predicted and actual interoceptive states putatively computed within the AIC.

    “Indeed, anxiety and psychosis have been specifically associated with mismatches between predicted and actual interoceptive states putatively computed within AIC [16,44].”

    From Interoceptive inference, emotion, and the embodied self (2013) · cites this paper as [44]

    The Introduction links psychosis to a mismatch between prior expectations and incoming sensory information, and ‘Stimulus evaluation and proximal salience’ links the anterior insula to prediction-error coding and interoceptive awareness (page numbers unavailable). The paper does not specifically identify mismatches between predicted and actual interoceptive states as the mechanism for both anxiety and psychosis; its discussion of anxiety concerns a state that may precede delusions. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Deficits in predictive inference are connected with psychiatric disorders that affect self-representation.

    “A significant body of work now connects deficits in predictive inference with psychiatric disorders that affect self-representation [6,16,44].”

    From Interoceptive inference, emotion, and the embodied self (2013) · cites this paper as [44]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Palaniyappan, L., & Liddle, P. F.
Affiliations
University of Nottingham (GB)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
Publisher
Canadian Science Publishing
Published
2012-01
Volume
37
Issue
1
Pages
17-27
ISSN
1180-4882 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1503/jpn.100176
PMC
PMC3244495
OpenAlex
W2156014011
Cited by
548
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 22
FWCI
4.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
Keywords
salience network, insula, schizophrenia, psychosis, anterior cingulate cortex, functional connectivity, large-scale brain networks
MeSH terms
Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Models, Theoretical, Nerve Net, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia

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