Time-Response Analysis of the Effect of Stimulant Medication on the Learning Ability of Children Referred for Hyperactivity
Abstract
This report introduces a method for obtaining behavioral time-response information for a short-acting psychotropic drug (methylphenidate [Ritalin]) that is widely used to treat behaviorally hyperactive children. We used a laboratory learning task to document that between one and two hours after the administration of a single dose of methylphenidate, the drug exerts its maximum effect on performance in a learning task in the laboratory. This effect on cognitive performance dissipates within the same day. This rapid and transient effect of methylphenidate makes it possible to classify patients in a single day into those who respond favorably and those who respond adversely to the drug in terms of its effect on cognitive behavior.
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The schedule and procedures for the analog classroom days were based on a modification of well-validated procedures used in previous time-response stimulant studies.
“The schedule and procedures for the analog classroom days were based on a modification of well-validated procedures used in previous timeresponse stimulant studies (Pelham et al., 1995;Swanson et al., 1978Swanson et al., , 1998Swanson et al., , 2000)).”
From Analog Classroom Assessment of a Once-Daily Mixed Amphetamine Formulation, SLI381 (ADDERALL XR), in Children With ADHD (2003) · cites this paper as Swanson et al., 1978
The short duration of action of available stimulants necessitates multiple daily doses for many children to provide effective symptom management.
“Specifically, the short duration of action of available stimulants necessitates multiple daily doses for many children to provide effective symptom management (Pelham et al., 1987;Swanson et al., 1978).”
From Analog Classroom Assessment of a Once-Daily Mixed Amphetamine Formulation, SLI381 (ADDERALL XR), in Children With ADHD (2003) · cites this paper as Swanson et al., 1978
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Effects of methylphenidate on reading in children with attention deficit disorder
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- Authors
- Swanson, J., Kinsbourne, M., Roberts, W., & Zucker, K.
- Affiliations
- Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
- Venue
- PEDIATRICS
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 1978-01-01
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 21-29
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W1512135897
- Cited by
- 205
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 10.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- methylphenidate, hyperactivity, stimulant medication, time response analysis, cognitive performance, learning ability, children, drug response variability, pharmacokinetics
- MeSH terms
- Association Learning, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Clinical Trials as Topic, Cognition, Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Methylphenidate, Prognosis, Psychomotor Performance, Time Factors
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