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Cited by 345Exercise and Physiological ResponsesCardiovascular and exercise physiologySalivary Gland Disorders and Functions

Saliva Composition and Exercise

Chicharro, José L., Lucía, Alejandro, Pérez, Margarita, Vaquero, Almudena F., Ureña, Rosario·1998·Sports Medicine
DOI 10.2165/00007256-199826010-00002
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Abstract

Little attention has been directed toward identifying the changes which occur in salivary composition in response to exercise. To address this, our article first refers to the main aspects of salivary gland physiology. A knowledge of the neural control of salivary secretion is especially important for the understanding of the effects of exertion on salivary secretion. Both salivary output and composition depend on the activity of the autonomic nervous system and any modification of this activity can be observed indirectly by alternations in the salivary excretion. The effects of physical activity (with reference to factors such as exercise intensity and duration, or type of exercise protocol) on salivary composition are then considered. Exercise might indeed induce changes in several salivary components such as immunoglobulins, hormones, lactate, proteins and electrolytes. Saliva composition might therefore be used as an alternative noninvasive indicator of the response of the different body tissues and systems to physical exertion. In this respect, the response of salivary amylase and salivary electrolytes to incremental levels of exercise is of particular interest. Beyond a certain intensity of exercise, and coinciding with the accumulation of blood lactate (anaerobic threshold or AT), a 'saliva threshold' (Tsa) does indeed exist. Tsa is the point during exercise at which the levels of salivary alpha-amylase and electrolytes (especially Na+) also begin to rise above baseline levels. The occurrence of the 2 thresholds (AT and Tsa) might, in turn, be attributable to the same underlying mechanism, that of increased adrenal sympathetic activity at high exercise intensities.

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Crossref · 10.2165/00007256-199826010-00002

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96 of 96 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Several saliva biomarkers (e.g., drug, hormones, metabolites or antibodies) have been used in clinical settings as they offer meaningful diagnostic information.

    “Several of these saliva biomarkers (e.g., drug, hormones, metabolites or antibodies) have been used in clinical settings as they offer meaningful diagnostic information140-144.”

    From Wearable biosensors for healthcare monitoring (2019) · cites this paper as [141]

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Authors
Chicharro, J. L., Lucía, A., Pérez, M., Vaquero, A. F., & Ureña, R.
Affiliations
  • Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
  • Universidad Europea de Madrid (ES)
ORCID
Venue
Sports Medicine
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
1998-07
Volume
26
Issue
1
Pages
17-27
ISSN
  • 0112-1642 (ISSN-L)
  • 1179-2035
DOI
10.2165/00007256-199826010-00002
OpenAlex
W2069965316
Cited by
345
References
96
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 16
FWCI
0.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ABACUS. Repositorio de Producción Científica (Universidad Europea) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
Keywords
salivary composition, physical activity, salivary gland function, autonomic nervous system, salivary amylase, salivary electrolytes, blood lactate, anaerobic threshold, sympathetic activity, exercise intensity
MeSH terms
Anaerobiosis, Humans, Immunoglobulins, Lactates, Saliva, Salivary Glands, Anaerobic Threshold, Exercise

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