Cited by 567Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesAdipose Tissue and MetabolismDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

Inflammation Is Necessary for Long-Term but Not Short-Term High-Fat Diet–Induced Insulin Resistance

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Lee, Yun Sok, Li, Pingping, Huh, Jin Young, Hwang, In Jae, Lu, Min, Kim, Jong In, Ham, Mira, Talukdar, Saswata +6 more·2011·Diabetes

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Tissue inflammation is a key factor underlying insulin resistance in established obesity. Several models of immuno-compromised mice are protected from obesity-induced insulin resistance. However, it is unanswered whether inflammation triggers systemic insulin resistance or vice versa in obesity. The purpose of this study was to assess these questions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to wild-type mice and three different immuno-compromised mouse models (lymphocyte-deficient Rag1 knockout, macrophage-depleted, and hematopoietic cell-specific Jun NH2-terminal kinase–deficient mice) and measured the time course of changes in macrophage content, inflammatory markers, and lipid accumulation in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle along with systemic insulin sensitivity. RESULTS: In wild-type mice, body weight and adipose tissue mass, as well as insulin resistance, were clearly increased by 3 days of HFD. Concurrently, in the short-term HFD period inflammation was selectively elevated in adipose tissue. Interestingly, however, all three immuno-compromised mouse models were not protected from insulin resistance induced by the short-term HFD. On the other hand, lipid content was markedly increased in liver and skeletal muscle at day 3 of HFD. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the initial stage of HFD-induced insulin resistance is independent of inflammation, whereas the more chronic state of insulin resistance in established obesity is largely mediated by macrophage-induced proinflammatory actions. The early-onset insulin resistance during HFD feeding is more likely related to acute tissue lipid overload.

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  • Lee et al. demonstrated a mild proinflammatory response in the epididymal adipose depot of mice fed a high-fat diet for three days.

    “Lee et al. demonstrated a mild proinflammatory response in the epididymal adipose depot of mice fed a HFD for three days (16), and the proinflammatory polarization of macrophages was of particular importance in this response.”

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Authors
Lee, Y. S., Li, P., Huh, J. Y., Hwang, I. J., Lu, M., Kim, J. I., Ham, M., Talukdar, S., Chen, A., Lu, W. J., Bandyopadhyay, G. K., Schwendener, R., Olefsky, J., & Kim, J. B.
Affiliations
  • Seoul National University (KR)
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
  • University of Zurich (CH)
Corresponding author
Kim, Jae Bum
Venue
Diabetes
Published
2011-09-16
Volume
60
Issue
10
Pages
2474-2483
ISSN
  • 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-327X
OpenAlex
W2095717717
Cited by
566
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 24 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 49 · 2012: 23
FWCI
24.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Diabetes (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
Funders
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK063491, DK 074868, DK 033651, T32DK007494, R37DK033651, P01DK074868, R01DK033651, P30DK063491)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50HD012303, U54HD012303)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords
insulin resistance, high-fat diet, inflammation, obesity, macrophages, adipose tissue, Rag1 knockout mice, macrophage depletion, lipid accumulation, hepatic lipid accumulation, skeletal muscle lipid accumulation
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Animals, Blood Glucose, Ceramides, Dietary Fats, Drug Administration Schedule, Epididymis, Glucose, Glucose Tolerance Test, Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, Liver, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Muscle, Skeletal, Mice

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