Closed-Loop Efficient Searching of Optimal Electrical Stimulation Parameters for Preferential Excitation of Retinal Ganglion Cells
Open accessAbstract
The ability for visual prostheses to preferentially activate functionally-distinct retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is important for improving visual perception. This study investigates the use of high frequency stimulation (HFS) to elicit retinal ganglion cell activation, using a closed-loop algorithm to search for optimal stimulation parameters for preferential ON and OFF RGC activation, resembling natural physiological neural encoding in response to visual stimuli. We evaluated the performance of a wide range of electrical stimulation amplitudes and frequencies on RGC responses in vitro using murine retinal preparations. It was possible to preferentially excite either ON or OFF RGCs by adjusting amplitudes and frequencies in HFS. ON RGCs can be preferentially activated at relatively higher stimulation amplitudes (>150 µA) and frequencies (2 to 6.25 kHz) while OFF RGCs are activated by lower stimulation amplitudes (40 to 90 µA) across all tested frequencies (1 to 6.25 kHz). These stimuli also showed great promise in eliciting RGC responses that parallel natural RGC encoding: ON RGCs exhibited an increase in spiking activity during electrical stimulation while OFF RGCs exhibited decreased spiking activity, given the same stimulation amplitude. In conjunction with the in vitro studies, in silico simulations indicated that optimal HFS parameters could be rapidly identified in practice, whilst sampling spiking activity of relevant neuronal subtypes. This closed-loop approach represents a step forward in modulating stimulation parameters to achieve appropriate neural encoding in retinal prostheses, advancing control over RGC subtypes activated by electrical stimulation.
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In retinal prosthesis, research on closed-loop stimulation has been done to optimize the stimulation parameters to obtain the desired retinal ganglion cells output in response to a given visual input.
“In retinal prosthesis, research on closed-loop stimulation have been done to optimize the stimulation parameters to obtain the desired retinal ganglion cells output in response to a given visual input (Guo et al., 2018; Spencer et al., 2019; Shah and Chichilnisky, 2020).”
From Toward a personalized closed-loop stimulation of the visual cortex: Advances and challenges (2022) · cites this paper as Guo et al., 2018
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“55,56 Understanding the Phosphenes From a neurobiological point of view, the link between electrical stimulation and perception of phosphenes is still not well understood.”
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- Authors
- Guo, T., Yang, C. Y., Tsai, D., Muralidharan, M., Suaning, G. J., Morley, J. W., Dokos, S., & Lovell, N. H.
- Affiliations
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Western Sydney University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Lovell, Nigel H.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Frontiers in Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2018-03-19
- Volume
- 12
- Pages
- 168-168
- ISSN
- 1662-453X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5867314
- OpenAlex
- W2790114632
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 2.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Frontiers in Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council (RG1087224)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Keywords
- retinal prosthesis, retinal ganglion cells, high-frequency electrical stimulation, computer simulation, neural coding, spiking activity
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