Predicting visual sensitivity in retinal prosthesis patients
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: With the long-term goal of restoring functional vision in patients with retinal degenerative diseases, the eyes of blind human subjects were implanted chronically with epiretinal prostheses consisting of two-dimensional electrode arrays that directly stimulated cells of the neural retina. METHODS: Psychophysical techniques were used to measure the brightness of electrically generated percepts on single electrodes using a variety of electrical stimulation patterns. RESULTS: It was possible to predict the sensitivity of the human visual system to a wide variety of retinal electrical stimulation patterns using a simple and biologically plausible model. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to demonstrate that, on the single-electrode level, retinal electrical stimulation in humans can produce visual qualia that are predictable using a quantitative model, a prerequisite for a successful retinal prosthesis. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00279500.).
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Desensitization/adaptation as a result of repeated stimulation over several seconds has been observed in both the retinal and cortical literature.
“as has been observed in both the retinal70 and cortical literature34”
From A virtual patient simulation modeling the neural and perceptual effects of human visual cortical stimulation, from pulse trains to percepts (2024) · cites this paper as [70]
Various studies have shown longer-scale desensitization with prolonged stimulation in both human and macaque, and this is also observed with retinal prostheses.
“Third, although our model fits current temporal data reasonably well and includes desensitization due to the refractory period, it is worth noting that various studies have shown longer-scale desensitization with prolonged stimulation in both human34 and macaque89 and this is also observed with retinal prostheses70.”
From A virtual patient simulation modeling the neural and perceptual effects of human visual cortical stimulation, from pulse trains to percepts (2024) · cites this paper as [70]
Phosphene appearance varies systematically with stimulus amplitude and frequency.
“In addition, phosphene appearance varies systematically with stimulus amplitude and frequency (Horsager et al 2009, Nanduri et al 2012, Sinclair et al 2016) to the extent that a simple computational model can predict phosphene shape across a wide range of stimulus parameters (Granley and Beyeler 2021).”
From Axonal stimulation affects the linear summation of single-point perception in three Argus II users (2024) · cites this paper as Horsager et al 2009
Most phosphene models assume a constant scaling factor between retinal and visual field coordinates.
“Indeed, most phosphene models assume a constant scaling factor between retinal and visual field coordinates (Horsager et al 2009, Nanduri 2011, Beyeler et al 2019b).”
From Axonal stimulation affects the linear summation of single-point perception in three Argus II users (2024) · cites this paper as Horsager et al 2009
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- Authors
- Horsager, A., Greenwald, S. H., Weiland, J. D., Humayun, M. S., Greenberg, R. J., McMahon, M. J., Boynton, G. M., & Fine, I.
- Affiliations
- From the Neuroscience Graduate Program,2Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, and
- Second Sight Medical Products (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
- Published
- 2009-04-01
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1483
- ISSN
- 0146-0404 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5783
- PMC
- PMC2729061
- OpenAlex
- W2034500021
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 4.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Eye Institute (R01EY014645, R24EY012893, EY012893, R01EY012893)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- retinal prosthesis, epiretinal prosthesis, retinal degeneration, visual perception model
- MeSH terms
- Blindness, Electric Stimulation, Electrodes, Implanted, Humans, Microelectrodes, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Photic Stimulation, Retina, Retinal Degeneration, Sensory Thresholds, Visual Perception, Prosthesis Implantation
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Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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