Cited by 71Redox biology and oxidative stressFree Radicals and AntioxidantsAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress

Impact of Reactive Species on Amino Acids—Biological Relevance in Proteins and Induced Pathologies

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Andrés, Celia María Curieses, Pérez de la Lastra, José Manuel, Andrés Juan, Celia, Plou, Francisco J., Pérez-Lebeña, Eduardo·2022·International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Abstract

This review examines the impact of reactive species RS (of oxygen ROS, nitrogen RNS and halogens RHS) on various amino acids, analyzed from a reactive point of view of how during these reactions, the molecules are hydroxylated, nitrated, or halogenated such that they can lose their capacity to form part of the proteins or peptides, and can lose their function. The reactions of the RS with several amino acids are described, and an attempt was made to review and explain the chemical mechanisms of the formation of the hydroxylated, nitrated, and halogenated derivatives. One aim of this work is to provide a theoretical analysis of the amino acids and derivatives compounds in the possible positions. Tyrosine, methionine, cysteine, and tryptophan can react with the harmful peroxynitrite or •OH and •NO2 radicals and glycine, serine, alanine, valine, arginine, lysine, tyrosine, histidine, cysteine, methionine, cystine, tryptophan, glutamine and asparagine can react with hypochlorous acid HOCl. These theoretical results may help to explain the loss of function of proteins subjected to these three types of reactive stresses. We hope that this work can help to assess the potential damage that reactive species can cause to free amino acids or the corresponding residues when they are part of peptides and proteins.

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Authors
Andrés, C. M. C., Pérez de la Lastra, J. M., Andrés Juan, C., Plou, F. J., & Pérez-Lebeña, E.
Affiliations
  • Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid (ES)
  • Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
  • Cinquima Institute and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Valladolid University, Paseo de Belén, 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
  • Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
  • Sistemas de Biotecnología y Recursos Naturales, 47625 Valladolid, Spain
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-11-14
Volume
23
Issue
22
Pages
14049
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4309210811
Cited by
71
References
159
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 8
FWCI
1.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Cooperation Program INTERREG-MAC 2014–2020, with European Funds for Regional Development-FEDER (ProID2020010134, 2019SP43, PID2019-105838RB-C31)
  • Agencia Canaria de Investigación, Innovación y Sociedad de la Información (ProID2020010134, 2019SP43, PID2019-105838RB-C31)
  • Caja Canarias (ProID2020010134, 2019SP43, PID2019-105838RB-C31)
  • Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (ProID2020010134, 2019SP43, PID2019-105838RB-C31)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Free Radicals and Antioxidants
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Keywords
reactive species, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, amino acid modification, protein damage, hydroxylation, nitration, halogenation, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radicals, nitric oxide radical, hypochlorous acid, tyrosine, methionine, cysteine, tryptophan, reaction mechanism
MeSH terms
Amino Acids, Cysteine, Methionine, Proteins, Tryptophan, Tyrosine

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