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Antibiotic Pollution in the Environment: From Microbial Ecology to Public Policy

Kraemer, Susanne A., Ramachandran, Arthi, Perron, Gabriel G.·2019·Microorganisms

Abstract

The ability to fight bacterial infections with antibiotics has been a longstanding cornerstone of modern medicine. However, wide-spread overuse and misuse of antibiotics has led to unintended consequences, which in turn require large-scale changes of policy for mitigation. In this review, we address two broad classes of corollaries of antibiotics overuse and misuse. Firstly, we discuss the spread of antibiotic resistance from hotspots of resistance evolution to the environment, with special concerns given to potential vectors of resistance transmission. Secondly, we outline the effects of antibiotic pollution independent of resistance evolution on natural microbial populations, as well as invertebrates and vertebrates. We close with an overview of current regional policies tasked with curbing the effects of antibiotics pollution and outline areas in which such policies are still under development.

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Cited by

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Metadata

Authors
Kraemer, S. A., Ramachandran, A., & Perron, G. G.
Affiliations
  • Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street W, Montreal, QC H4B1R6, Canada
  • Department of Biology, Reem-Kayden Center for Sciences and Computation, Bard College, 31 Campus Road, Annandale-On-Hudson, NY 12504, USA
Venue
Microorganisms
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2019-06-22
Volume
7
Issue
6
Pages
180
ISSN
2076-2607
Cited by
932
References
14
Language
en

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Antibiotic Pollution in the Environment: From Microbial Ecology to Public Policy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/microorganisms7060180
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Kraemer, S. A., Ramachandran, A., & Perron, G. G. (2019). Antibiotic Pollution in the Environment: From Microbial Ecology to Public Policy. Microorganisms. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7060180

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