Cited by 991Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchAging, Health, and DisabilityHealth disparities and outcomes

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Social Disengagement and Incident Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons

Bassuk, Shari S., Glass, Thomas A., Berkman, Lisa F.·1999·Annals of Internal Medicine

DOI 10.7326/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00002

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Social engagement, which is defined as the maintenance of many social connections and a high level of participation in social activities, has been thought to prevent cognitive decline in elderly persons. However, few longitudinal studies of this relation have been done. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relation between social disengagement and incident cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly persons. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: New Haven, Connecticut. PARTICIPANTS: 2812 noninstitutionalized elderly persons (65 years of age or older) who were interviewed in their homes in 1982, 1985, 1988, and 1994. MEASUREMENTS: A global social disengagement scale was constructed from the following indicators: presence of a spouse, monthly visual contact with three or more relatives or friends, yearly nonvisual contact with 10 or more relatives or friends, attendance at religious services, group membership, and regular social activities. Cognitive function was assessed with the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire. Response to the questionnaire was scored as high, medium, or low. Cognitive decline was defined as a transition to a lower category. RESULTS: Compared with persons who had five or six social ties, those who had no social ties were at increased risk for incident cognitive decline after adjustment for age, initial cognitive performance, sex, ethnicity, education, income, housing type, physical disability, cardiovascular profile, sensory impairment, symptoms of depression, smoking, alcohol use, and level of physical activity. The 3-year odds ratio was 2.24 (95% CI, 1.40 to 3.58; P < 0.001), the 6-year odds ratio was 1.91 (CI, 1.14 to 3.18; P = 0.01), and the 12-year odds ratio was 2.37 (CI, 1.07 to 4.88; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Social disengagement is a risk factor for cognitive impairment among elderly persons.

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Authors: Bassuk, S. S., Glass, T. A., & Berkman, L. F.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
ORCID: Bassuk, Shari S.
Glass, Thomas A.
Berkman, Lisa F.
Venue: Annals of Internal Medicine
Publisher: American College of Physicians
Published: 1999-08-03
Volume: 131
Issue: 3
Pages: 165-173
ISSN: 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
1539-3704
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00002
OpenAlex: W2037855378
Cited by: 991
References: 2
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 47 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 38
FWCI: 11.80
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.acpjournals.org/journal/aim/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
Locations: Annals of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (n01ag012102-011, n01ag002105-019, 7r01ag011042-03)
National Institute on Aging (N01AG02105, R01-AG-11042, N01‐AG12102)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Keywords: social disengagement, social engagement, cognitive decline, cognitive impairment, community-dwelling older adults, social ties, social isolation, risk factors, older adults
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Interviews as Topic, Longitudinal Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Social Isolation, Social Support, Socioeconomic Factors, Cohort Studies, Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic

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Social Disengagement and Incident Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons

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