The DOI matches its Crossref record; 219 of the 219 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Poly(ethylene glycol) in Drug Delivery: Pros and Cons as Well as Potential Alternatives
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is the most used polymer and also the gold standard for stealth polymers in the emerging field of polymer‐based drug delivery. The properties that account for the overwhelming use of PEG in biomedical applications are outlined in this Review. The first approved PEGylated products have already been on the market for 20 years. A vast amount of clinical experience has since been gained with this polymer—not only benefits, but possible side effects and complications have also been found. The areas that might need consideration and more intensive and careful examination can be divided into the following categories: hypersensitivity, unexpected changes in pharmacokinetic behavior, toxic side products, and an antagonism arising from the easy degradation of the polymer under mechanical stress as a result of its ether structure and its non‐biodegradability, as well as the resulting possible accumulation in the body. These possible side effects will be discussed in this Review and alternative polymers will be evaluated.
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“However, immunogenicity of PEG depends on the degree of PEGylation to which molecule it is coupled with and have been shown to induce unpredictable complement activation.[ 204 ]”
From Unraveling and Harnessing the Immune Response at the Cell–Biomaterial Interface for Tissue Engineering Purposes (2024) · cites this paper as [204]
In the citing paper
“Incorporating PEG-lipids further decreases recognition by the MPS and clearance by renal filtration17,127.”
From Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery (2021) · cites this paper as [127]
In the citing paper
“Moreover, anti-PEG antibodies could result in fast systemic clearance of subsequently administered PEGylated nanoparticles by accelerated blood clearance127,169.”
From Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery (2021) · cites this paper as [127]
In the citing paper
“The accelerated blood clearance phenomenon may change the bioavailability and biodistribution of the drug encapsulated in PEGylated nanoparticles and, thus, cause side effects127,169.”
From Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery (2021) · cites this paper as [127]
In the citing paper
“To ameliorate safety concerns, numerous natural and synthetic polymers have been investigated as alternatives to PEG, of which several are under evaluation in clinical trials127,169.”
From Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery (2021) · cites this paper as [127]
In the citing paper
“Lipid components may activate host immune responses following systemic or local administration; for example, PEG-lipids could induce hypersensitivity reactions by stimulating the complement system127,169.”
From Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery (2021) · cites this paper as [127]
In the citing paper
“Lipid components may activate host immune responses following systemic or local administration; for example, PEG-lipids could induce hypersensitivity reactions by stimulating the complement system127,169.”
From Lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery (2021) · cites this paper as [127]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Knop, K., Hoogenboom, R., Fischer, D., & Schubert, U. S.
- Affiliations
- Dutch Polymer Institute (NL)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Venue
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-07-20
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 36
- Pages
- 6288-6308
- ISSN
- 1433-7851 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-3773
- OpenAlex
- W2164841185
- Cited by
- 3,533
- References
- 219
- Citations by year
- 2026: 176 · 2025: 207 · 2024: 191 · 2023: 213 · 2022: 255 · 2021: 270 · 2020: 259 · 2019: 260 · 2018: 277 · 2017: 234 · 2016: 275 · 2015: 254 · 2014: 206 · 2013: 180 · 2012: 159
- FWCI
- 7.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- DIAL (Catholic University of Leuven) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers
- Keywords
- polyethylene glycol, PEGylation, stealth polymers, polymeric drug delivery, hypersensitivity, pharmacokinetics, polymer degradation
- MeSH terms
- Biocompatible Materials, Drug Carriers, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Polyethylene Glycols, Polymers
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