Cited by 1,296Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and PrognosisLiver Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentHepatitis C virus research

The incidence and risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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Ascha, Mustafa S., Hanouneh, Ibrahim A., Lopez, Rocio, Tamimi, Tarek Abu-Rajab, Feldstein, Ariel F., Zein, Nizar N.·2010·Hepatology

Abstract

UNLABELLED: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a well-recognized cause of cirrhosis and has been increasingly associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aims of this study were to (1) estimate the incidence of HCC in patients with NASH-related cirrhosis, (2) compare incidence in NASH-related cirrhosis with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis, and (3) identify risk factors of HCC in patients with NASH-related cirrhosis compared with HCV-related cirrhosis. Adult patients with cirrhosis secondary to chronic HCV (n = 315) or NASH (n = 195) were evaluated at our hepatobiliary clinic between 2003 and 2007. To assess for HCC development, all patients were monitored using serial abdominal computed tomography and serum alpha-fetoprotein every 6 months. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to estimate the cumulative incidence of HCC. Descriptive statistics were computed for all factors. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to assess associations between HCC and factors of interest. The median follow-up was 3.2 years (25th percentile [P25], 75th percentile [P75]: 1.7, 5.7) during which 25/195 (12.8%) of NASH-cirrhotic and 64/315 (20.3 %) of HCV-cirrhotic patients developed HCC (P = 0.03). Yearly cumulative incidence of HCC was found to be 2.6% in patients with NASH-cirrhosis, compared with 4.0% in patients with HCV cirrhosis (P = 0.09). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that older age (P = 0.006) and alcohol consumption (P = 0.002) were independent variables associated with development of HCC in patients with NASH-cirrhosis. Compared with nondrinkers, patients who reported any regular alcohol consumption were at greater risk for HCC development (hazard ratio: 3.6; P25, P75: 1.5, 8.3). CONCLUSION: Patients with NASH cirrhosis have a greatly increased risk of liver cancer. Alcohol consumption, a modifiable risk factor, appears to be the most significant factor associated with risk of HCC development in our study population.

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Authors
Ascha, M. S., Hanouneh, I. A., Lopez, R., Tamimi, T. A.-R., Feldstein, A. F., & Zein, N. N.
Affiliations
Cleveland Clinic (US)
Corresponding author
Zein, Nizar N.
Venue
Hepatology
Published
2010-06
Volume
51
Issue
6
Pages
1972-1978
ISSN
0270-9139 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2029691295
Cited by
1,296
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 24 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 90 · 2022: 89 · 2021: 92 · 2020: 98 · 2019: 86 · 2018: 97 · 2017: 95 · 2016: 90 · 2015: 101 · 2014: 112 · 2013: 91 · 2012: 51
FWCI
43.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Hepatology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis C virus research
Keywords
hepatocellular carcinoma, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, HCC incidence, HCC risk factors, alcohol consumption, age, liver cancer risk, modifiable risk factors, liver cancer prevention, hepatectomy, liver transplantation
MeSH terms
Alcohol Drinking, Fatty Liver, Female, Hepatitis C, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis, Liver Neoplasms, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States, Incidence

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