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Cited by 282

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 127 of the 127 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Glutamate and glutamine: a review of in vivo MRS in the human brain

Open access
Ramadan, Saadallah, Lin, Alexander, Stanwell, Peter·2013·NMR in Biomedicine
DOI 10.1002/nbm.3045
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Abstract

Our understanding of the roles that the amino acids glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) play in the mammalian central nervous system has increased rapidly in recent times. Many conditions are known to exhibit a disturbance in Glu–Gln equilibrium, and the exact relationships between these changed conditions and these amino acids are not fully understood. This has led to increased interest in Glu/Gln quantitation in the human brain in an array of conditions (e.g. mental illness, tumor, neuro‐degeneration) as well as in normal brain function. Accordingly, this review has been undertaken to describe the increasing number of in vivo techniques available to study Glu and Gln separately, or pooled as ‘Glx’. The present MRS methods used to assess Glu and Gln vary in approach, complexity, and outcome, thus the focus of this review is on a description of MRS acquisition approaches, and an indication of relative utility of each technique rather than brain pathologies associated with Glu and/or Gln perturbation. Consequently, this review focuses particularly on (1) one‐dimensional 1 H MRS, (2) two‐dimensional 1 H MRS, and (3) one‐dimensional 13 C MRS techniques. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Metadata

Authors
Ramadan, S., Lin, A., & Stanwell, P.
Venue
NMR in Biomedicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2013-10-04
Volume
26
Issue
12
Pages
1630-1646
ISSN
  • 0952-3480 (ISSN-L)
  • 1099-1492
DOI
10.1002/nbm.3045
OpenAlex
W1638218062
Cited by
282
References
127
FWCI
4.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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