Contribution of night and day sleep vs. simple passage of time to the consolidation of motor sequence and visuomotor adaptation learning
Open accessAbstract
There is increasing evidence supporting the notion that the contribution of sleep to consolidation of motor skills depends on the nature of the task used in practice. We compared the role of three post-training conditions in the expression of delayed gains on two different motor skill learning tasks: finger tapping sequence learning (FTSL) and visuomotor adaptation (VMA). Subjects in the DaySleep and ImmDaySleep conditions were trained in the morning and at noon, respectively, afforded a 90-min nap early in the afternoon and were re-tested 12 h post-training. In the NightSleep condition, subjects were trained in the evening on either of the two learning paradigms and re-tested 12 h later following sleep, while subjects in the NoSleep condition underwent their training session in the morning and were re-tested 12 h later without any intervening sleep. The results of the FTSL task revealed that post-training sleep (day-time nap or night-time sleep) significantly promoted the expression of delayed gains at 12 h post-training, especially if sleep was afforded immediately after training. In the VMA task, however, there were no significant differences in the gains expressed at 12 h post-training in the three conditions. These findings suggest that "off-line" performance gains reflecting consolidation processes in the FTSL task benefit from sleep, even a short nap, while the simple passage of time is as effective as time in sleep for consolidation of VMA to occur. They also imply that procedural memory consolidation processes differ depending on the nature of task demands.
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In humans there is evidence of task-dependency when it comes to whether sleep improves learning: for adult humans, perceptual tasks showed little to no learning increase from sleep whereas cognitive tasks showed significant gains.
“For adult humans, perceptual tasks showed little to no learning increase from sleep wherein cognitive tasks showed significant gains from learning.133”
From The overfitted brain: Dreams evolved to assist generalization (2021) · cites this paper as [133]
The Discussion reports sleep-dependent gains for finger-tapping sequence learning but no significant difference between sleep and wakefulness for visuomotor adaptation. It describes the latter as having a strong perceptual component and the former as involving explicit knowledge. The claim extends this contrast between two motor tasks to perceptual and cognitive tasks generally; the paper does not establish that broader comparison. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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“little to no learning increase from sleep wherein cognitive tasks showed significant gains from learning.(133) Since it is likely that adult humans already have well-fitted perceptual models, we”
BackgroundHow to become an expert: a new perspective on the role of sleep in the mastery of procedural skills
Fogel, S. M., Ray, L. B., Binnie, L., & Owen, A. M. (2015) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2015.10.004 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
- Authors
- Doyon, J., Korman, M., Morin, A., Dostie, V., Tahar, A. H., Benali, H., Karni, A., Ungerleider, L. G., & Carrier, J.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- University of Haifa (IL)
- Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal (CA)
- Université de Montréal (CA)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Doyon, Julien
- Venue
- Experimental Brain Research
- Published
- 2009-03-11
- Volume
- 195
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 15-26
- ISSN
- 0014-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1106
- PMC
- PMC2752878
- OpenAlex
- W2011028534
- Cited by
- 247
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 6.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Experimental Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- National Institute of Mental Health (Z01MH002035)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- sleep-dependent memory consolidation, motor skill learning, visuomotor adaptation, NAP, time of day, procedural memory
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Biomechanical Phenomena, Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Motor Skills, Neuropsychological Tests, Reaction Time, Retention, Psychology, Sleep, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Wakefulness, Polysomnography, Young Adult
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