The DOI matches its Crossref record; 94 of the 95 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Authentic Leadership: An Empirical Test of Its Antecedents, Consequences, and Mediating Mechanisms
Open accessOverview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Authentic leadership is also the only approach to moral leadership predicted by self-consistency, selfknowledge (Peus, Wesche, Streicher, Braun, & Frey, 2012)”
From Taking Stock of Moral Approaches to Leadership: An Integrative Review of Ethical, Authentic, and Servant Leadership (2019) · cites this paper as Peus et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“and are, therefore, judged by followers as predictably consistent in their values and beliefs (Peus et al., 2012).”
From Taking Stock of Moral Approaches to Leadership: An Integrative Review of Ethical, Authentic, and Servant Leadership (2019) · cites this paper as Peus et al., 2012
Citations
Cites
2 retracted
RETRACTED: Psychological processes linking authentic leadership to follower behaviors
Walumbwa, F. O., Wang, P., Wang, H., Schaubroeck, J. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2010) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.07.015 · Cited by 458
RetractedWalumbwa, F. O., Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., & Oke, A. (2009) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.653 · Cited by 424
RetractedHu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705519909540118 · Cited by 108,788
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879 · Cited by 82,194
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/brm.40.3.879 · Cited by 34,117
Asymptotic Confidence Intervals for Indirect Effects in Structural Equation Models
Sobel, M. E. (1982) · Sociological Methodology · doi:10.2307/270723 · Cited by 12,810
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990) · Journal of Occupational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x · Cited by 11,917
Handbook of Positive Psychology
(2001) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195135336.001.0001 · Cited by 9,158
Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003) · Department of Psychology - University of Koblenz-Landau · doi:10.23668/psycharchives.12784 · Cited by 8,975
MacKinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., & Fritz, M. S. (2007) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542 · Cited by 5,688
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Moorman, R. H., & Fetter, R. (1990) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/1048-9843(90)90009-7 · Cited by 5,628
Authentic leadership development: Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership
Avolio, B. J., & Gardner, W. L. (2005) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.03.001 · Cited by 5,478
Patterns of Aggressive Behavior in Experimentally Created “Social Climates”
Lewin, K., Lippitt, R., & White, R. K. (1939) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.1939.9713366 · Cited by 3,582
Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice.
Dirks, K. T., & Ferrin, D. L. (2002) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.611 · Cited by 3,550
Authentic Leadership: Development and Validation of a Theory-Based Measure†
Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206307308913 · Cited by 3,471
Holmbeck, G. N. (1997) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.65.4.599 · Cited by 3,036
Leadership: Current Theories, Research, and Future Directions
Avolio, B. J., Walumbwa, F. O., & Weber, T. J. (2009) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163621 · Cited by 3,000
Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Walumbwa, F. O., Luthans, F., & May, D. R. (2004) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2004.09.003 · Cited by 2,252
Can you see the real me? A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development
Gardner, W. L., Avolio, B. J., Luthans, F., May, D. R., & Walumbwa, F. (2005) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.03.003 · Cited by 2,232
Day, D. V. (2000) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/s1048-9843(00)00061-8 · Cited by 2,180
Self-concept clarity: Measurement, personality correlates and cultural boundaries
Campbell, J. D., Trapnell, P. D., Heine, S. J., Katz, I. M., Lavallee, L. F., & Lehman, D. R. (1996) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.70.1.141 · Cited by 2,088
Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1995) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t03624-000 · Cited by 2,019
TARGET ARTICLE: Toward a Conceptualization of Optimal Self-Esteem
Kernis, M. H. (2003) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1401_01 · Cited by 1,683 · cited 1×
“…studies point to the fact that persons who clearly know their attitudes and values as well as their strengths and weaknesses across different domains and situations experience higher levels of positive affect and well-being, which may in turn, enable them to behave authentically (cf. Kernis 2003).”
BackgroundBennis, W. G. (1989) · Cited by 1,646
What we know about leadership: Effectiveness and personality.
Hogan, R. T., Curphy, G. J., & Hogan, J. C. (1994) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.49.6.493 · Cited by 1,310
Authentic leadership and eudaemonic well-being: Understanding leader–follower outcomes
Ilies, R., Morgeson, F. P., & Nahrgang, J. D. (2005) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.03.002 · Cited by 1,268 · cited 2×
“Among the positive outcomes proposed to result from authentic leadership are followers’ intrinsic motivation, self-esteem, and creativity (Ilies et al. 2005) as well as trust, engagement, and well-being (Gardner et al. 2005), organizational citizenship behaviors and performance (Walumbwa et al.…”
BackgroundStalking the perfect measure of implicit self-esteem: The blind men and the elephant revisited?
Bosson, J. K., Jr. Swann William, B., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.4.631 · Cited by 1,130
“What's your story?”: A life-stories approach to authentic leadership development
Shamir, B., & Eilam, G. (2005) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.03.005 · Cited by 1,118
Walumbwa, F. O., & Schaubroeck, J. (2009) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015848 · Cited by 1,114
Responsible Leadership in a Stakeholder Society – A Relational Perspective
Maak, T., & Pless, N. M. (2006) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-006-9047-z · Cited by 1,090
(2003) · Thammasat University Digital Collections · Cited by 1,074
Destructive leadership behaviour: A definition and conceptual model
Einarsen, S. V., Aasland, M. S., & Skogstad, A. (2007) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.03.002 · Cited by 1,069
Positive Organizational Scholarship
Dutton, J. E., & Glynn, M. A. (2008) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781849200448.n37 · Cited by 874
Transformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead
Avolio, B. J., & Yammarino, F. J. (2013) · Cited by 784
(1995) · Cited by 745
Cialdini, R. B., Trost, M. R., & Newsom, J. T. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.2.318 · Cited by 728
The Construction of a New Type of Attitude Measure1
Kunin, T. (1955) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1955.tb01189.x · Cited by 704
Personal goals and emotional well-being: The moderating role of motive dispositions.
Brunstein, J. C., Schultheiss, O. C., & Grässman, R. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.75.2.494 · Cited by 690
Achieving relational authenticity in leadership: Does gender matter?
Eagly, A. H. (2005) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.03.007 · Cited by 682
Trust in leadership and team performance: Evidence from NCAA basketball.
Dirks, K. T. (2000) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.85.6.1004 · Cited by 657
The importance of authenticity for self and society
Erickson, R. J. (1995) · Symbolic Interaction · doi:10.1525/si.1995.18.2.121 · Cited by 633
Self-Knowledge: Its Limits, Value, and Potential for Improvement
Wilson, T. D., & Dunn, E. W. (2004) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141954 · Cited by 629
The Virtuous Influence of Ethical Leadership Behavior: Evidence from the Field
Neubert, M. J., Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., Roberts, J. A., & Chonko, L. B. (2009) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-009-0037-9 · Cited by 620
Musch, J., & Klauer, K. C. (2003) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410606853 · Cited by 597
Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (2002) · Cited by 589
Positive Organizational Scholarship
Peterson, C., & Park, N. (2006) · Deutscher Universitätsverlag eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-8350-9106-1_2 · Cited by 567
Toor, S., & Ofori, G. (2009) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-009-0059-3 · Cited by 564
Authentic Leadership and Positive Psychological Capital
Clapp‐Smith, R., Vogelgesang, G. R., & Avey, J. B. (2008) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/1548051808326596 · Cited by 551
Efficacy, Agency, and Self-Esteem
Kernis, M. H. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1280-0_12 · Cited by 536
Implications of Recent Developments in Structural Equation Modeling for Counseling Psychology
Quintana, S. M., & Maxwell, S. E. (1999) · The Counseling Psychologist · doi:10.1177/0011000099274002 · Cited by 517
Leadership and levels of analysis: A state-of-the-science review
Yammarino, F. J., Dionne, S. D., Uk Chun, J., & Dansereau, F. (2005) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.09.002 · Cited by 501
Authentic leadership and the narrative self
Sparrowe, R. T. (2005) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.03.004 · Cited by 494
Interpersonal Competence and Organizational Effectiveness.
Etzioni, A. W., Argyris, C., & Harrison, R. (1962) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2089650 · Cited by 485
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1995) · Efficacy, Agency, and Self-Esteem · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1280-0_3 · Cited by 483
Cooper, C. D., Scandura, T. A., & Schriesheim, C. A. (2005) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.03.008 · Cited by 438
Authentic leadership and nurses' voice behaviour and perceptions of care quality
Wong, C. A., Laschinger, H. K. S., & Cummings, G. G. (2010) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01113.x · Cited by 430
Emotional labor and leadership: A threat to authenticity?
Gardner, W. L., Fischer, D., & Hunt, J. G. (2009) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2009.03.011 · Cited by 427
Giallonardo, L. M., Wong, C. A., & Iwasiw, C. (2010) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01126.x · Cited by 397
To know oneself is to like oneself: Self-certainty and self-affect.
Baumgardner, A. H. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.58.6.1062 · Cited by 371
Palanski, M. E., & Yammarino, F. J. (2007) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2007.04.006 · Cited by 366
Enacting the ‘true self’: Towards a theory of embodied authentic leadership
Ladkin, D., & Taylor, S. S. (2009) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2009.10.005 · Cited by 358
The influence of authentic leadership behaviors on trust and work outcomes of health care staff
Wong, C. A., & Cummings, G. G. (2009) · Journal of Leadership Studies · doi:10.1002/jls.20104 · Cited by 331
Erben, G. S., & Güneşer, A. B. (2007) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-007-9605-z · Cited by 276
The Future of Leadership Development
Uhl-Bien, M. (2003) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410608895 · Cited by 264
Authentic leadership and positive organizational behavior: A meso, multi-level perspective
Yammarino, F. J., Dionne, S. D., Schriesheim, C. A., & Dansereau, F. (2008) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2008.09.004 · Cited by 262
Kark, R., & Shamir, B. (2013) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s1479-357120130000005010 · Cited by 262
Love, Forgiveness, and Trust: Critical Values of the Modern Leader
Caldwell, C., & Dixon, R. D. (2009) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-009-0184-z · Cited by 204
Dunning, J. (2005) · Cited by 162
Leadership, Trustworthiness, and Ethical Stewardship
Caldwell, C., Hayes, L. A., & Long, D. T. (2010) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-010-0489-y · Cited by 151
The downside of religious attire: The Muslim headscarf and expectations of obtaining employment
Ghumman, S. S., & Jackson, L. A. (2009) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.601 · Cited by 150
Kuchinke, K. P. (1999) · Human Resource Development Quarterly · doi:10.1002/hrdq.3920100205 · Cited by 149
Strategy Making and the Search for Authenticity
Liedtka, J. M. (2007) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-007-9415-3 · Cited by 135
Authentic leadership: a new theory for nursing or back to basics?
Wong, C. A., & Cummings, G. G. (2009) · Journal of Health Organization and Management · doi:10.1108/14777260910984014 · Cited by 134
Spieß, E. (2005) · Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag eBooks · doi:10.1524/9783486836646 · Cited by 127
Turner, L., & Wever, K. R. (1996) · Industrial and Labor Relations Review · doi:10.2307/2524408 · Cited by 117
Ibarra, H., & Lineback, K. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 112
Authentic leadership as a pathway to positive health
Macik‐Frey, M., Quick, J. C., & Cooper, C. L. (2008) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.561 · Cited by 100
Eriksen, M. (2009) · Organizational Behavior Teaching Review · doi:10.1177/1052562909339307 · Cited by 91
Donovan, M. A., Drasgow, F., & Probst, T. M. (2000) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-9010.85.2.305 · Cited by 85
Branson, C. M. (2007) · Educational Management Administration & Leadership · doi:10.1177/1741143207075390 · Cited by 81
Spitzmüller, M., & Ilieș, R. (2010) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/13594320902754040 · Cited by 78
Kremer, J. F. (1990) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.82.2.213 · Cited by 54
Leadership Development: Understanding the Process
(2003) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410608895-8 · Cited by 52
A case study into operational team‐working within a UK hospital
Bamford, D., & Griffin, M. (2008) · International Journal of Operations & Production Management · doi:10.1108/01443570810856161 · Cited by 39
Putting process into personality, appraisal, and emotion: Evaluative processing as a missing link
Robinson, M. D., Vargas, P. T., & Crawford, E. G. (2003) · Cited by 38
Jones, M. T., & Millar, C. (2010) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-010-0622-y · Cited by 38
Human resource management and organizational strategies in German- and US-owned companies
Wever, K. S. (1995) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585199500000038 · Cited by 32
National Leadership Index 2009: A National Study of Confidence in Leadership
Maruskin, L. A., Montoya, R. M., Moore, S., & Rosenthal, S. A. (2009) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · Cited by 29
Vertrauen gegenüber Vorgesetzten und Akzeptanz von Entgeltsystemen
Kopp, T., & Schuler, H. (2003) · Zeitschrift für Personalpsychologie · doi:10.1026//1617-6391.2.4.182 · Cited by 11
Computerizing Organizational Attitude Surveys
Mueller, K., Liebig, C., & Hattrup, K. (2007) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164406292084 · Cited by 9
Reips, U., & Franek, L. (2004) · Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) · doi:10.5167/uzh-19693 · Cited by 7
von Collani, G., & Blank, H. (2003) · Cited by 6
Inventar zu Selbstkonzept und Selbstvertrauen
Fend, H. A., Helmke, A., & Richter, P. (1984) · Cited by 3
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Borrill, C. A., & West, M. A. (2000). How Good Is Your Team? A Guide for Team Members. Birmingham: Aston Centre of Health Service Organisation Research (ACHSOR), University of Aston.
- Felfe, J., Six, B., & Schmook, R. (2002). Fragebogen zur Erfassung von affektivem, kalkulatorischem und normativem Commitment gegenüber der Organisation, dem Beruf/der Tätigkeit und der Beschäftigungsform (COBB). In A. Glöckner-Rist (Ed.), ZUMA-Informationssystem. Elektronisches Handbuch sozialwissenschaftlicher Erhebungsinstrumente (Version 7.00). Zentrum für Umfragen. Mannheim: Methoden und Analysen.
- Neuberger, O., & Allerbeck, M. (1978). Arbeitsbeschreibungsbogen [ABB]. Huber: Bern.
- von Collani, G., & Blank, H. (2003). Persönlichkeitsmerkmale, soziale Überzeugungen und politische Parteienpräferenzen: Eine Internetbefragung zur Bundestagswahl 2002. Zeitschrift fuer Politische Psychologie, 11(4), 307–324.
- Wever, K. S. (1995b). Negotiating competitiveness: Employment relations and organizational innovation in Germany and the United States. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Braun, S., Peus, C., Weisweiler, S., & Frey, D. (2013) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2012.11.006 · Cited by 839
Self-citationA meta-analytic review of authentic and transformational leadership: A test for redundancy
Banks, G. C., McCauley, K. D., Gardner, W. L., & Guler, C. E. (2016) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.02.006 · Cited by 681
Lemoine, G. J., Hartnell, C. A., & Leroy, H. (2019) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/annals.2016.0121 · Cited by 614
Authentic leadership, performance, and job satisfaction: the mediating role of empowerment.
Wong, C., & Laschinger, H. K. S. (2013) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.06089.x · Cited by 599
Leadership and followership identity processes: A multilevel review
Epitropaki, O., Kark, R., Mainemelis, C., & Lord, R. G. (2016) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.10.003 · Cited by 438
Metadata
- Authors
- Peus, C., Wesche, J. S., Streicher, B., Braun, S., & Frey, D.
- Affiliations
- Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Peus, Claudia
- Venue
- Journal of Business Ethics
- Published
- 2011-10-12
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 331-348
- ISSN
- 0167-4544 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-0697
- OpenAlex
- W2026312468
- Cited by
- 368
- References
- 95
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 18.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Business Ethics (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Leadership and Management in Organizations
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Employee Performance and Leadership
- Keywords
- authentic leadership, self-consistency, trust, organizational commitment, supervisor satisfaction, leadership integrity, mediation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review