Fine structural localization of glutamine synthetase in astrocytes of rat brain

Knockout of Glutamate Transporters Reveals a Major Role for Astroglial Transport in Excitotoxicity and Clearance of Glutamate

Rothstein, J. D., Dykes-Hoberg, M., Pardo, C. A., Bristol, L. A., Jin, L., Kuncl, R. W., Kanai, Y., Hediger, M. A., Wang, Y., Schielke, J. P., et al. (1996) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80086-0 · Cited by 2,534

Physiology of Astroglia

Verkhratsky, A., & Nedergaard, M. (2018) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00042.2016 · Cited by 1,678

The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer

Bak, L. K., Schousboe, A., & Waagepetersen, H. S. (2006) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x · Cited by 1,114

Energy metabolism in astrocytes: High rate of oxidative metabolism and spatiotemporal dependence on glycolysis/glycogenolysis

Hertz, L., Peng, L., & Dienel, G. A. (2007) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600343 · Cited by 587

Energy Contribution of Octanoate to Intact Rat Brain Metabolism Measured by 13 C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Ebert, D., Haller, R. G., & Walton, M. E. (2003) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-13-05928.2003 · Cited by 427

GFAP mRNA increases with age in rat and human brain

Nichols, N. R., Day, J. R., Laping, N. J., Johnson, S. A., & Finch, C. E. (1993) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(93)90100-p · Cited by 413

Neuronal-glial glucose oxidation and glutamatergic-GABAergic function.

Hyder, F., Patel, A. B., Gjedde, A., Rothman, D. L., Behar, K. L., & Shulman, R. G. (2006) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600263 · Cited by 408

The role of astroglia in neuroprotection

Bélanger, M., & Magistretti, P. J. (2009) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2009.11.3/mbelanger · Cited by 396

Astroglial Contribution to Brain Energy Metabolism in Humans Revealed by13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Elucidation of the Dominant Pathway for Neurotransmitter Glutamate Repletion and Measurement of Astrocytic Oxidative Metabolism

Lebon, V., Petersen, K. F., Cline, G. W., Shen, J., Mason, G. F., Dufour, S., Behar, K. L., Shulman, G. I., & Rothman, D. L. (2002) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-05-01523.2002 · Cited by 371

Perineuronal nets provide a polyanionic, glia‐associated form of microenvironment around certain neurons in many parts of the rat brain

Brückner, G., Brauer, K., Härtig, W., Wolff, J. R., Rickmann, M. J., Derouiche, A., Delpech, B., Girard, N., Oertel, W. H., & Reichenbach, A. (1993) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.440080306 · Cited by 358

Lactate is a Preferential Oxidative Energy Substrate over Glucose for Neurons in Culture

Bouzier-Sore, A.-K., Voisin, P., Canioni, P., Magistretti, P. J., & Pellerin, L. (2003) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1097/01.wcb.0000091761.61714.25 · Cited by 328

Astrocytic Control of Biosynthesis and Turnover of the Neurotransmitters Glutamate and GABA

Schousboe, A., Bak, L. K., & Waagepetersen, H. S. (2013) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2013.00102 · Cited by 303

Stratification of astrocytes in healthy and diseased brain

Verkhratsky, A., Zorec, R., & Parpura, V. (2017) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/bpa.12537 · Cited by 236

Review: Astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease and other age‐associated dementias: a supporting player with a central role

Garwood, C. J., Ratcliffe, L. E., Simpson, J. E., Heath, P. R., Ince, P. G., & Wharton, S. B. (2017) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/nan.12338 · Cited by 233

Fatty Acids in Energy Metabolism of the Central Nervous System

Panov, A., Orynbayeva, Z., Vavilin, V., & Lyakhovich, V. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/472459 · Cited by 227

Central Role of Glutamate Metabolism in the Maintenance of Nitrogen Homeostasis in Normal and Hyperammonemic Brain

Cooper, A., & Jeitner, T. (2016) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom6020016 · Cited by 223

The Glutamine–Glutamate/GABA Cycle: Function, Regional Differences in Glutamate and GABA Production and Effects of Interference with GABA Metabolism

Walls, A. B., Waagepetersen, H. S., Bak, L. K., Schousboe, A., & Sonnewald, U. (2015) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-014-1473-1 · Cited by 223

Astrocyte Glutamine Synthetase: Importance in Hyperammonemic Syndromes and Potential Target for Therapy

Brusilow, S. W., Koehler, R. C., Traystman, R. J., & Cooper, A. J. L. (2010) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.nurt.2010.05.015 · Cited by 209

Towards a Better Understanding of GABAergic Remodeling in Alzheimer’s Disease

Govindpani, K., Calvo-Flores Guzmán, B., Vinnakota, C., Waldvogel, H., Faull, R., & Kwakowsky, A. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18081813 · Cited by 208

The ketogenic diet and brain metabolism of amino acids: Relationship to the anticonvulsant effect

Yudkoff, M., Daikhin, Y., Melø, T. M., Nissim, I., Sonnewald, U., & Nissim, I. (2007) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093722 · Cited by 202

The energetic brain—A review from students to students

Bordone, M. P., Salman, M. M., Titus, H. E., Amini, E., Andersen, J. V., Chakraborti, B., Diuba, A. V., Dubouskaya, T. G., Ehrke, E., Espindola de Freitas, A., et al. (2019) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.14829 · Cited by 205

Mitochondrial metabolism in astrocytes regulates brain bioenergetics, neurotransmission and redox balance

Rose, J., Brian, C., Pappa, A., Panayiotidis, M. I., & Franco, R. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.536682 · Cited by 196

Glutamine transport by the blood-brain barrier: a possible mechanism for nitrogen removal

Lee, W.-J., Hawkins, R. A., Viña, J. R., & Peterson, D. R. (1998) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.1998.274.4.c1101 · Cited by 191

Glutamine in the central nervous system: function and dysfunction

Albrecht, J. (2007) · Frontiers in Bioscience · doi:10.2741/2067 · Cited by 168

Ballistic labeling and dynamic imaging of astrocytes in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures.

Benediktsson, A. M., Schachtele, S. J., Green, S. H., & Dailey, M. E. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.05.013 · Cited by 166

Astrocyte, a Promising Target for Mood Disorder Interventions

Zhou, X., Xiao, Q., Xie, L., Yang, F., Wang, L., & Tu, J. (2019) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00136 · Cited by 120

The homeostatic astroglia emerges from evolutionary specialization of neural cells

Verkhratsky, A., & Nedergaard, M. (2016) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0428 · Cited by 133

Glutamate oxidation in astrocytes: Roles of glutamate dehydrogenase and aminotransferases

McKenna, M. C., Stridh, M. H., McNair, L. F., Sonnewald, U., Waagepetersen, H. S., & Schousboe, A. (2016) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.23908 · Cited by 104

Glutamine synthetase immunoreactivity is present in oligodendroglia of various regions of the central nervous system

D'Amelio, F., Eng, L. F., & Gibbs, M. A. (1990) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.440030504 · Cited by 101

Increased Neurogenesis and Astrogenesis from Neural Progenitor Cells Grafted in the Hippocampus of GFAP−/−Vim−/− Mice

Widestrand, Å., Faijerson, J., Wilhelmsson, U., Smith, P. L. P., Li, L., Sihlbom, C., Eriksson, P. S., & Pekny, M. (2007) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1634/stemcells.2007-0122 · Cited by 100

Aspects of Astrocyte Energy Metabolism, Amino Acid Neurotransmitter Homoeostasis and Metabolic Compartmentation

Kreft, M., Bak, L. K., Waagepetersen, H. S., & Schousboe, A. (2012) · ASN Neuro · doi:10.1042/an20120007 · Cited by 88

Specification, plasticity and evolutionary origin of peripheral glial cells

Kastriti, M. E., & Adameyko, I. (2017) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2017.11.004 · Cited by 72

Introduction to the glutamate–glutamine cycle

Sonnewald, U., & Schousboe, A. (2016) · Advances in Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45096-4_1 · Cited by 69

An Expanded Narrative Review of Neurotransmitters on Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Therapeutic Interventions on Neurotransmission

Akyuz, E., Arulsamy, A., Aslan, F. S., Sarisözen, B., Guney, B., Hekimoglu, A., Yilmaz, B. N., Retinasamy, T., & Shaikh, M. F. (2025) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-024-04333-y · Cited by 69

NMDA Receptors in Astrocytes

Verkhratsky, A., & Chvátal, A. (2020) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-019-02750-3 · Cited by 59

Comparative biochemical, morphological, and immunocytochemical studies between C‐6 glial cells of early and late passages and advanced passages of glial cells derived from aged mouse cerebral hemispheres

Lee, K., Kentroti, S., Billie, H., Bruce, C., & Vernadakis, A. (1992) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.440060402 · Cited by 45

A neuronal MCT2 knockdown in the rat somatosensory cortex reduces both the NMR lactate signal and the BOLD response during whisker stimulation

Mazuel, L., Blanc, J., Repond, C., Bouchaud, V., Raffard, G., Déglon, N., Bonvento, G., Pellerin, L., & Bouzier-Sore, A.-K. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0174990 · Cited by 44

Astrocytic glutamine synthetase is expressed in the neuronal somatic layers and down‐regulated proportionally to neuronal loss in the human epileptic hippocampus

Papageorgiou, I. E., Valous, N. A., Lahrmann, B., Janova, H., Klaft, Z., Koch, A., Schneider, U. C., Vajkoczy, P., Heppner, F. L., Grabe, N., et al. (2018) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23292 · Cited by 31

Immunolocalization of muscarinic M1 receptor in the rat medial prefrontal cortex

Oda, S., Tsuneoka, Y., Yoshida, S., Adachi‐Akahane, S., Ito, M., Kuroda, M., & Funato, H. (2018) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.24409 · Cited by 27