The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A new method for off-line removal of ocular artifact
Abstract
A new off-line procedure for dealing with ocular artifacts in ERP recording is described. The procedure (EMCP) uses EOG and EEG records for individual trials in an experimental session to estimate a propagation factor which describes the relationship between the EOG and EEG traces. The propagation factor is computed after stimulus-linked variability in both traces has been removed. Different propagation factors are computed for blinks and eye movements. Tests are presented which demonstrate the validity and reliability of the procedure. ERPs derived from trials corrected by EMCP are more similar to a 'true' ERP than are ERPs derived from either uncorrected or randomly corrected trials. The procedure also reduces the difference between ERPs which are based on trials with different degrees of EOG variance. Furthermore, variability at each time point, across trials, is reduced following correction. The propagation factor decreases from frontal to parietal electrodes, and is larger for saccades than blinks. It is more consistent within experimental sessions than between sessions. The major advantage of the procedure is that it permits retention of all trials in an ERP experiment, irrespective of ocular artifact. Thus, studies of populations characterized by a high degree of artifact, and those requiring eye movements as part of the experimental task, are made possible. Furthermore, there is no need to require subjects to restrict eye movement activity. In comparison to procedures suggested by others, EMCP also has the advantage that separate correction factors are computed for blinks and movements and that these factors are based on data from the experimental session itself rather than from a separate calibration session.
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In the citing paper
“The epochs were corrected for eye-movement artefacts, using the technique described in (Gratton et al., 1983), and any epoch with a signal exceeding a peak-to-peak amplitude of 200 µV for any channel was excluded.”
From Neurophysiological evidence of efference copies to inner speech (2017) · cites this paper as Gratton et al., 1983
In the citing paper
“ERN and CRN standardized residual scores (ERNresid and CRNresid) were calculated based on measuring the variance leftover in a regression equation in which one score is modeled as a predictor of another score, because they may be preferable to subtraction-based difference scores in separating error processing from response monitoring [22, 40].”
From Altered Error Monitoring and Decreased Flanker Task Accuracy in Pediatric Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (2026) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“The ΔERN is correlated both with the ERN and CRN and is therefore not an independent measure of either ERP [40].”
From Altered Error Monitoring and Decreased Flanker Task Accuracy in Pediatric Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (2026) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Segments with eye movements and blinks were kept and corrected, adopting the standard Gratton and Coles procedure (Gratton et al., 1983).”
From Error and feedback processing in children with ADHD and children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: An EEG event-related potential study (2008) · cites this paper as Gratton et al., 1983
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“HEOG and VEOG artifacts were corrected using the Gratton and Coles algorithm (41).”
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Mühlberger, C., Angus, D. J., Jonas, E., Harmon‐Jones, C., & Harmon‐Jones, E. (2016) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12786 · Cited by 96
“Both the epochs for the RewP and for the SPN were corrected for blinks and eye movements (Gratton, Coles, & Donchin, 1983).”
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Eye blink frequency during different computer tasks quantified by electrooculography
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“…by accelerometers or electromagnetic search coils (Picoli et al. 2001; Sun et al. 1997), electromyography (EMG) (Monster et al. 1978) and electrooculography (EOG) which was used in several studies (Gironell et al. 2003; Gratton et al. 1983; Kaneko and Sakamoto 2001; Stern et al. 1984; Yamada 1998).”
MethodCzernochowski, D., Mecklinger, A., Johansson, M., & BRINKMANN, M. (2005) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.5.4.417 · Cited by 91
“Ocular artifacts were corrected using a linear regression approach described by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
MethodIllusory sound shifts induced by the ventriloquist illusion evoke the mismatch negativity
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“EOG artefacts were corrected off-line for all participants using a regression algorithm (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodDeSoto, M. C., Fabiani, M., Geary, D. C., & Gratton, G. (2001) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/08989290152001934 · Cited by 91
“Vertical and horizontal EOG was also recorded in each session, and ocular artifacts were corrected using a procedure described by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
MethodSelf-citationJepma, M., Wagenmakers, E., Band, G. P. H., & Nieuwenhuis, S. (2008) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2009.21063 · Cited by 87
“Ocular and eyeblink artifacts were corrected us-ing the method of Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
Detection of eye blink artifacts from single prefrontal channel electroencephalogram
Chang, W.-D., Cha, H., Kim, K., & Im, C. (2015) · Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2015.10.011 · Cited by 87
“To evaluate the performance of the proposed method quantitatively, the amplitude thresholding method that has been widely used in EEG preprocessing [37–42] was implemented.”
MethodTime Course and Neurophysiological Underpinnings of Metaphor in Literary Context
Bambini, V., Canal, P., Resta, D., & Grimaldi, M. (2018) · Discourse Processes · doi:10.1080/0163853x.2017.1401876 · Cited by 87
Fisher, D. J., Labelle, A., & Knott, V. (2008) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2007.12.005 · Cited by 86
“Electrical epochs (500 ms duration, beginning 100 ms pre-stimulus) were corrected for eye movement and eye blink activity using the Gratton & Coles algorithm which operates in the time and frequency domain (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodCognitive processing in completely paralyzed patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Kotchoubey, B., Lang, S., Winter, S. M., & Birbaumer, N. (2003) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.2003.00647.x · Cited by 86
Are there sex differences in ERPs related to processing empathy-evoking pictures?
Groen, Y., Wijers, A. A., Tucha, O. M., & Althaus, M. (2012) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.11.012 · Cited by 86
Target and non-target ERP disturbances in first episode vs. chronic schizophrenia
Brown, K. A., Gonsalvez, C. J., Harris, A. W. F., Williams, L. M., & Gordon, E. (2002) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(02)00290-0 · Cited by 86
Event-related potential correlates of item and source memory strength
Woroch, B. S., & Gonsalves, B. D. (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.12.074 · Cited by 85
“Next, EOG artifacts were removed using an automated correction procedure (Gratton, et al., 1983), and epochs that continued to show more than a 200mv change from baseline after the correction were discarded.”
Failing where others have succeeded: Medial Frontal Negativity tracks failure in a social context
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Unconscious associative memory affects visual processing before 100 ms
Chaumon, M., Drouet, V., & Tallon‐Baudry, C. (2008) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/8.3.10 · Cited by 88
Neural Biases to Covert and Overt Signals of Fear: Dissociation by Trait Anxiety and Depression
Williams, L. M., Kemp, A. H., Felmingham, K. L., Liddell, B. J., Palmer, D. M., & Bryant, R. A. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2007.19.10.1595 · Cited by 90
“Eye movement correction was undertaken off-line using the procedure of Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983) .”
MethodLangeslag, S. J. E., & Strien, J. W. V. (2009) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0015356 · Cited by 81
“( Gratton, Coles, & Donchin, 1983 ) and the mean 100 ms pre-stimulus period was used for”
MethodBruckmann, S., Hauk, D., Roessner, V., Resch, F., Freitag, C. M., Kammer, T., Ziemann, U., Rothenberger, A., Weisbrod, M., & Bender, S. (2012) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/aws071 · Cited by 85
“We applied the ocular artefact correction algorithm according to Gratton et al. (1983) as implemented in Brain Vision Analyzer.”
MethodSchulz, A., Strelzyk, F., de Sá, D. S. F., Naumann, E., Vögele, C., & Schächinger, H. (2013) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.06.027 · Cited by 86
Casarotto, S., Bianchi, A. M., Cerutti, S., & Chiarenza, G. A. (2003) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2003.10.018 · Cited by 85
“This approach sometimes overestimates the attenuation factors for the presence of EEG components in EOG and assumes that the propagation system is linear (Iacono and Lykken, 1981; Gratton et al., 1983; Gasser et al., 1985; Berg and Scherg, 1994).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialLuking, K. R., Nelson, B. D., Infantolino, Z. P., Sauder, C. L., & Hajcak, G. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.12.004 · Cited by 87
“1–30 Hz), and corrected for eye movement artifacts (40).”
Seiss, E., Praamstra, P., Hesse, C. W., & Rickards, H. E. (2003) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1291-6 · Cited by 87
“Eyeblink artefacts were corrected using a regression approach (Gratton et al. 1983) in five of the Huntington’ disease patients.”
Chronic medication does not affect hyperactive error responses in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Stern, E. R., Liu, Y., Gehring, W. J., Lister, J. J., Yin, G., Zhang, J., Fitzgerald, K. D., Himle, J. A., Abelson, J. L., & Taylor, S. F. (2010) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2010.00988.x · Cited by 83
“Ocular movement artifacts were corrected using the algorithm described by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
MethodRelationship between auditory processing and affective prosody in schizophrenia
Jahshan, C. S., Wynn, J. K., & Green, M. F. (2012) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2012.11.025 · Cited by 84
“Eyeblinks were removed from the data using a regression-based algorithm (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodBlunted Reward Processing in Remitted Melancholic Depression
Weinberg, A., & Shankman, S. A. (2016) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702616633158 · Cited by 90
“Eyeblink and ocular corrections were conducted per a modification of the Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983) algorithm, which accounts for both VEM and HEM.”
MethodStrien, J. W. V., & Isbell, L. A. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep46331 · Cited by 84
Motor-response generation as a source of aging-related behavioural slowing in choice-reaction tasks
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Emotional conflict occurs at an early stage: Evidence from the emotional face–word Stroop task
Zhu, X., Zhang, H., Wu, T., Luo, W., & Luo, Y. (2010) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2010.04.036 · Cited by 91
Horowitz‐Kraus, T. (2012) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/0022219412453084 · Cited by 93
“The EEG was corrected for horizontal and vertical eye movements, using the algorithm described by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983), and implemented by the Vision Analyzer (program version 1.05, Brain Products, Freiburg, Germany), filtered with a 25 Hz filter.”
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Better late than never? The effect of feedback delay on ERP indices of reward processing
Weinberg, A., Luhmann, C. C., Bress, J. N., & Hajcak, G. (2012) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-012-0104-z · Cited by 88
“Offline, all data were referenced to the average of the left and right mastoids and were band-pass filtered with low and high cutoffs of 0.1 and 30 Hz, respectively; eye blink and ocular corrections were conducted per Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
InfluentialThe N250 Brain Potential to Personally Familiar and Newly Learned Faces and Objects
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Visuo‐spatial processing and the N1 component of the ERP
Wascher, E., Hoffmann, S. F., Sänger, J., & Grosjean, M. (2009) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00874.x · Cited by 84
Decomposing the relationship between mental speed and mental abilities
Schubert, A., Hagemann, D., Voß, A., Schankin, A., & Bergmann, K. (2015) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2015.05.002 · Cited by 84
“Ocular artifacts were corrected using the regression procedure of Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
MethodThe Correction of EOG Artifacts by Frequency Dependent and Frequency Independent Methods
Gasser, T., Sroka, L., & Möcks, J. (1986) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1986.tb00697.x · Cited by 84
Toward a Functional Categorization of Slow Waves: Taking into Account Past and Future Events
Rösler, F., & Heil, M. (1991) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1991.tb02205.x · Cited by 84
Error-related negativity and tic history in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder
Hanna, G. L., Carrasco, M., Harbin, S. M., Nienhuis, J. K., LaRosa, C. E., Chen, P., Fitzgerald, K. D., & Gehring, W. J. (2012) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.06.019 · Cited by 80
“Ocular movement artifacts were then corrected using the algorithm described by Gratton et al.48 Waveforms shown in the figures were filtered with a nine-point Chebyshev II low-pass, zero-phaseshift digital filter (Matlab R2010a; Mathworks, Natick, MA), with a half-amplitude cutoff at approximately 12 Hz.”
MethodMathewson, K. E., Basak, C., Maclin, E. L., Low, K. A., Boot, W. R., Kramer, A. F., Fabiani, M., & Gratton, G. (2012) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01474.x · Cited by 88
Self-citationIncreased Error-Related Brain Activity in Six-Year-Old Children with Clinical Anxiety
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“In general, the morphology and distribution of the ERN in children is similar to that of adults (Arbel and Donchin 2011).”
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Goodin, P., Ciorciari, J., Baker, K., Carrey, A.-M., Harper, M., & Kaufman, J. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034789 · Cited by 83
“All participant data was segmented into blocks relative to the condition presentation time and corrected for EOG using the Gratton, Coles and Donchin [30] method.”
MethodUnderstanding words in sentence contexts: The time course of ambiguity resolution
Swaab, T. Y., Brown, C. M., & Peter Hagoort, A. (2003) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/s0093-934x(02)00547-3 · Cited by 83
“In those subjects, eye-blink artifacts were estimated and removed from the EEG prior to averaging using the procedure described by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
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Ford, J. M., Roach, B. J., Hoffman, R. S., & Mathalon, D. H. (2008) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.06.048 · Cited by 85
“Individual trials were baseline corrected using the 100ms period preceding stimulus onset after correcting for eye movements and blinks using EOG data(Gratton et al., 1983).”
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“EOG artefacts were corrected off-line using a regression algorithm (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodSequential effects in response time reveal learning mechanisms and event representations.
Jones, M., Curran, T., Mozer, M. C., & Wilder, M. (2013) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0033180 · Cited by 89
Wascher, E., & Beste, C. (2009) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00376.2009 · Cited by 82
Nelson, B. D., Perlman, G., Hajcak, G., Klein, D. N., & Kotov, R. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291715000471 · Cited by 84
“Eye blink and ocular corrections were conducted using established standards (Gratton et al. 1983).”
MethodSpeed, B. C., Nelson, B. D., Auerbach, R. P., Klein, D. N., & Hajcak, G. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000173 · Cited by 86
“Eyeblink and ocular-movement corrections were performed using established standards described by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
MethodHamilton, H., Woods, S. W., Roach, B. J., Llerena, K., McGlashan, T. H., Srihari, V. H., Ford, J. M., & Mathalon, D. H. (2018) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sby167 · Cited by 85
Preparatory slow potentials and event-related potentials in an auditory cued attention task
Golob, E. J. (2002) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(02)00220-1 · Cited by 82
Meyer, A., Nelson, B. D., Perlman, G., Klein, D. N., & Kotov, R. (2018) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12922 · Cited by 89
“Eye-blink and ocular corrections were conducted per Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
Pegg, S. L., Ethridge, P., Shields, G. S., Slavich, G. M., Weinberg, A., & Kujawa, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00178 · Cited by 82
Rass, O., Krishnan, G. P., Brenner, C. A., Hetrick, W. P., Merrill, C. C., Shekhar, A., & O’Donnell, B. F. (2010) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2010.00871.x · Cited by 82
“Epochs were corrected for ocular artifacts using the Gratton, Coles, and Donchin algorithm (53).”
MethodWatson, T. D., Petrakis, I. L., Edgecombe, J., Perrino, A. C., Krystal, J. H., & Mathalon, D. H. (2008) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145708009334 · Cited by 80
“An automated ocular correction routine (Gratton et al., 1983) was applied to remove blink and eye-movement artifacts.”
Slow Potentials in Time Estimation: The Role of Temporal Accumulation and Habituation
Kononowicz, T. W., & van Rijn, H. (2011) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2011.00048 · Cited by 82
“Eye blinks were corrected using the Gratton and Coles method (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodInfluentialWorking memory load reduces facilitated processing of threatening faces: An ERP study.
van Dillen, L. F., & Derks, B. (2012) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0028624 · Cited by 91
Iacono, W. G. (2000) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-8760(00)00132-x · Cited by 83
“The blink correction . method of Gratton et al. 1983 was used to reduce contamination of the EEG by eye blinks and other ocular artifacts.”
MethodEuser, A. S., van Meel, C. S., Snelleman, M., & Franken, I. H. A. (2011) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2264-x · Cited by 86
“After ocular correction (Gratton et al. 1983), feedback-locked epochs were created from positive (balloon inflated; money gained) and negative (balloon popped; money lost) feedback and were baseline corrected using the 200-ms pre-stimulus interval.”
MethodFitzpatrick, P. A., Klorman, R., Brumaghim, J. T., & Borgstedt, A. D. (1992) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199203000-00008 · Cited by 82
Blunted neural response to errors as a trait marker of melancholic depression
Weinberg, A., Liu, H., & Shankman, S. A. (2015) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.11.012 · Cited by 85
“…to the average of the left and right mastoids, and band-pass filtered with low and high cutoffs of 0.1 and 30 Hz, respectively; eye-blink and ocular corrections were conducted using VEO and HEO channels per a modified version of the algorithm discussed in Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
MethodInfluentialLearning curves of theta/beta neurofeedback in children with ADHD
Janssen, T. W. P., Bink, M., Weeda, W. D., Geladé, K., van Mourik, R., Maras, A., & Oosterlaan, J. (2016) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-016-0920-8 · Cited by 82
“Ocular correction was applied as in Gratton, Coles, and Donchin [30].”
MethodBajaj, N., Carrión, J. R., Bellotti, F., Berta, R., & Gloria, A. D. (2019) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2019.101624 · Cited by 81
van den Broeke, E. N., & Mouraux, A. (2014) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00651.2013 · Cited by 81
“, eye movements and eye blinks) were corrected using the Gratton et al. (1983) method.”
MethodKujawa, A., Smith, E. E., Luhmann, C. C., & Hajcak, G. (2012) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12002 · Cited by 87
Moore, R. D., Lepine, J., & Ellemberg, D. (2016) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.11.011 · Cited by 91
Neural mirroring during the observation of live and video actions in infants
Ruysschaert, L., Warreyn, P., Wiersema, J. R., Metin, B., & Roeyers, H. (2013) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2013.04.007 · Cited by 80
“Subsequently, the EEG data were corrected for horizontal and vertical eye movements using the Gratton and Coles algorithm (Gratton et al., 1983).”
Exploring the Role of Neural Mirroring in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Ruysschaert, L., Warreyn, P., Wiersema, J. R., Oostra, A., & Roeyers, H. (2014) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1339 · Cited by 86
Albrecht, B., Brandeis, D., Uebel, H., Valko, L., Heinrich, H., Drechsler, R., Heise, A., Müller, U. C., Steinhausen, H. ‐., Rothenberger, A., et al. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329171200270x · Cited by 83
“Occular artefacts were corrected using a linear regression method without raw average subtraction (Gratton et al. 1983).”
MethodTullett, A. M., Harmon‐Jones, E., & Inzlicht, M. (2012) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01395.x · Cited by 86
Processing of fair and unfair offers in the ultimatum game under social observation
Peterburs, J., Voegler, R., Liepelt, R., Schulze, A., Wilhelm, S., Ocklenburg, S., & Straube, T. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep44062 · Cited by 81
He, P., Wilson, G. F., Russell, C. A., & Gerschutz, M. J. (2007) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/s11517-007-0179-9 · Cited by 80
“To correct, or remove the ocular artifacts from the EEG, many regression-based techniques have been developed that include time-domain regression [5, 8, 11] and regression in the frequency domain [14, 16].”
MethodBestelmeyer, P. E. G., Phillips, L. H., Crombie, C., Benson, P., & Clair, D. S. (2009) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2008.06.035 · Cited by 83
“Ocular artefacts were correctedwith a regression-basedweighting procedure (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodNeural correlates of error-related learning deficits in individuals with psychopathy
von Borries, A. K. L., Brazil, I. A., Bulten, B. H., Buitelaar, J. K., Verkes, R. J., & de Bruijn, E. R. A. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291709992017 · Cited by 80
“Single-trial electroencephalography (EEG) signals were corrected for electrooculography (EOG) artefacts (Gratton et al. 1983) and averaged for each subject and condition separately using a 200-ms pre-response/feedback baseline.”
MethodBaroreceptor cortical effects, emotions and pain
Mini, A., Rau, H., Montoya, P., Palomba, D., & Birbaumer, N. (1995) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/0167-8760(94)00084-r · Cited by 79
Cortical correlates of semantic classical conditioning
Montoya, P., Larbig, W., Friedemann Pulvermüller, A., Flor, H., & Birbaumer, N. (1996) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1996.tb02359.x · Cited by 80
Altered error-related brain activity in youth with major depression
Ladouceur, C. D., Slifka, J. S., Dahl, R. E., Birmaher, B., Axelson, D. A., & Ryan, N. D. (2012) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2012.01.005 · Cited by 77
“Eye movement artifacts were corrected using eye movement correction procedure (EMCP) (Gratton et al., 1983; Miller et al., 1988).”
Felmingham, K. L., Bryant, R. A., & Gordon, E. (2003) · NeuroReport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200304150-00024 · Cited by 92
Unconscious translation during incidental foreign language processing
Wu, Y. J., & Thierry, G. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.049 · Cited by 81
“Eye blinks were mathematically corrected, and remaining artefacts were manually dismissed (Gratton et al., 1983).”
Erkan, İ. (2018) · Architectural Science Review · doi:10.1080/00038628.2018.1523129 · Cited by 82
“Blinking and othermusclemovements along the EEG recordings were removed by the algorithm developed by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
MethodJahshan, C. S., Wynn, J. K., Mathis, K. I., Altshuler, L. L., Glahn, D. C., & Green, M. F. (2012) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.01008.x · Cited by 81
“Ocular artifacts were removed from the data using a regression-based algorithm (51).”
Resting-state EEG theta activity and risk learning: sensitivity to reward or punishment?
Massar, S. A. A., Kenemans, J. L., & Schutter, D. J. L. G. (2013) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.10.013 · Cited by 82
Groen, I. I. A., Ghebreab, S., Lamme, V. A. F., & Scholte, H. S. (2012) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002726 · Cited by 78
“These epochs were corrected for eye movements by removing the influence of ocular-generated EEG using a regression analysis based on the two horizontal and vertical EOG channels [40].”
Dai, Q., & Feng, Z. (2012) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2012.04.018 · Cited by 79
Frank, M. J., D’Lauro, C. J., & Curran, T. (2007) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.7.4.297 · Cited by 78
The assessment of two methods for removing eye movement artefact from the EEG
Jervis, B. W., Nichols, M. J., Allen, E. M., Hudson, N. R., & Johnson, T. E. (1985) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/0013-4694(85)91037-5 · Cited by 79
Monitoring retrieval from long‐term memory by slow event‐related brain potentials
Rösler, F., Heil, M., & Glowalla, U. (1993) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb01730.x · Cited by 79
Guo, Z., Chen, R., Zhang, Y., Pan, Y., & Wu, J. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0163360 · Cited by 94
Martín‐Loeches, M., Fernández, A., Schacht, A., Sommer, W., Casado, P., Jiménez‐Ortega, L., & Fondevila, S. (2012) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.09.010 · Cited by 79
“Ocular correction was applied following the algorithm of Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983), and a semi-automatic mode for artefact rejection was implemented to eliminate remaining epochs with artefacts from the data.”
Auditory brain-stem, middle- and long-latency evoked potentials in mild cognitive impairment
Irimajiri, R., Golob, E. J., & Starr, A. (2005) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2005.04.010 · Cited by 77
“An offline eye blink correction algorithm was used to correct for ocular artifacts (Gratton et al., 1983).”
Neurophysiological changes with age probed by inverse modeling of EEG spectra
van Albada, S. J., Kerr, C. C., Chiang, A. K., RENNIE, C. J., & Robinson, P. A. (2009) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2009.09.021 · Cited by 76
“Data were corrected offline for eye movements using a method based on that of Gratton et al. (1983).”
Attention training and the threat bias: An ERP study
O’Toole, L. J., & Dennis, T. A. (2011) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2011.10.007 · Cited by 81
Metadata
- Authors
- Gratton, G., Coles, M. G. H., & Donchin, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- ORCID
- Gratton, Gabriele
- Venue
- Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1983-04
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 468-484
- ISSN
- 0013-4694 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2114512489
- Cited by
- 5,055
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 89 · 2025: 127 · 2024: 154 · 2023: 139 · 2022: 177 · 2021: 178 · 2020: 223 · 2019: 213 · 2018: 235 · 2017: 253 · 2016: 267 · 2015: 263 · 2014: 283 · 2013: 301 · 2012: 276
- FWCI
- 5.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- ocular artifact removal, event-related potentials, saccades, eye movements, trial retention
- MeSH terms
- Blinking, Electroencephalography, Electrooculography, Evoked Potentials, Humans, Mathematics
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