The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A new method for off-line removal of ocular artifact
Abstract
A new off-line procedure for dealing with ocular artifacts in ERP recording is described. The procedure (EMCP) uses EOG and EEG records for individual trials in an experimental session to estimate a propagation factor which describes the relationship between the EOG and EEG traces. The propagation factor is computed after stimulus-linked variability in both traces has been removed. Different propagation factors are computed for blinks and eye movements. Tests are presented which demonstrate the validity and reliability of the procedure. ERPs derived from trials corrected by EMCP are more similar to a 'true' ERP than are ERPs derived from either uncorrected or randomly corrected trials. The procedure also reduces the difference between ERPs which are based on trials with different degrees of EOG variance. Furthermore, variability at each time point, across trials, is reduced following correction. The propagation factor decreases from frontal to parietal electrodes, and is larger for saccades than blinks. It is more consistent within experimental sessions than between sessions. The major advantage of the procedure is that it permits retention of all trials in an ERP experiment, irrespective of ocular artifact. Thus, studies of populations characterized by a high degree of artifact, and those requiring eye movements as part of the experimental task, are made possible. Furthermore, there is no need to require subjects to restrict eye movement activity. In comparison to procedures suggested by others, EMCP also has the advantage that separate correction factors are computed for blinks and movements and that these factors are based on data from the experimental session itself rather than from a separate calibration session.
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In the citing paper
“The epochs were corrected for eye-movement artefacts, using the technique described in (Gratton et al., 1983), and any epoch with a signal exceeding a peak-to-peak amplitude of 200 µV for any channel was excluded.”
From Neurophysiological evidence of efference copies to inner speech (2017) · cites this paper as Gratton et al., 1983
In the citing paper
“ERN and CRN standardized residual scores (ERNresid and CRNresid) were calculated based on measuring the variance leftover in a regression equation in which one score is modeled as a predictor of another score, because they may be preferable to subtraction-based difference scores in separating error processing from response monitoring [22, 40].”
From Altered Error Monitoring and Decreased Flanker Task Accuracy in Pediatric Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (2026) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“The ΔERN is correlated both with the ERN and CRN and is therefore not an independent measure of either ERP [40].”
From Altered Error Monitoring and Decreased Flanker Task Accuracy in Pediatric Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (2026) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Segments with eye movements and blinks were kept and corrected, adopting the standard Gratton and Coles procedure (Gratton et al., 1983).”
From Error and feedback processing in children with ADHD and children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: An EEG event-related potential study (2008) · cites this paper as Gratton et al., 1983
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Self-citationA Solution for Reliable and Valid Reduction of Ocular Artifacts, Applied to the P300 ERP
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“To correct for vertical and horizontal ocular artifacts, an eye movement artifact correction procedure (Gratton et al., 1983, revised by Miller et al., 1988) was applied to the EEG recordings including 1 s baseline, picture and post-picture periods, and 1 s post-baseline.”
MethodApproach-withdrawal and cerebral asymmetry: Emotional expression and brain physiology: I.
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“We unforttinately did not record the electrooculogram (EOG) on our computer and therefore could not use an automated eye-movement correction algorithm (e.g., Gasser, Sroka, & Mocks, 1986; Gratton, Coles, & Donchin, 1983 ).”
MethodMiltner, W. H. R., Braun, C. H., & Coles, M. G. H. (1997) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.1997.9.6.788 · Cited by 1,530
Self-citationOptimizing the use of information: Strategic control of activation of responses.
Gratton, G., COLES, M. G. H., & Donchin, E. (1992) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037//0096-3445.121.4.480 · Cited by 1,866
Self-citationADJUST: An automatic EEG artifact detector based on the joint use of spatial and temporal features
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The mental prosthesis: assessing the speed of a P300-based brain-computer interface
Donchin, E., Spencer, K., & Wijesinghe, R. S. (2000) · IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/86.847808 · Cited by 1,231
“Vertical and horizontal EOG artifacts were removed from the EEG by an eye-movement correction method [10].”
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“After removing trials with A/D saturation, ocular artifacts were detected and corrected (Gratton et al., 1983) and trials with artifacts 250 V were discarded.”
MethodSelf-citationEEG artifact removal—state-of-the-art and guidelines
Urigüen, J. A., & García-Zapirain, B. (2015) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2560/12/3/031001 · Cited by 973
“When one or more reference channels are available and on the premise that they properly represent all interference waveforms, then artifacts may be corrected for by subtracting a regressed portion of each reference channel from the contaminated EEG (see the next section and [13, 63] for EOG correction procedures).”
BackgroundMethodEffects of mental fatigue on attention: An ERP study
Boksem, M. A. S., Meijman, T. F., & Lorist, M. M. (2005) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.011 · Cited by 1,088
Independent Coding of Reward Magnitude and Valence in the Human Brain
Yeung, N., & Sanfey, A. G. (2004) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4537-03.2004 · Cited by 933
“Ocular artifacts were corrected with an eye-movement correction algorithm (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodPrefrontal–cingulate interactions in action monitoring
Gehring, W. J., & Knight, R. T. (2000) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/74899 · Cited by 912
Pre- and poststimulus activation of response channels: A psychophysiological analysis.
Gratton, G., COLES, M. G. H., Sirevaag, E. J., Eriksen, C. W., & Donchin, E. (1988) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037//0096-1523.14.3.331 · Cited by 891
Self-citationLearning-dependent increases in sleep spindle density
Gais, S., Mölle, M., Helms, K., & Born, J. (2002) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-15-06830.2002 · Cited by 859
“For sleep spindle detection, ocular artifacts were removed automatically (Gratton et al., 1983), and all epochs containing movement artifacts were excluded from analysis.”
MethodCoherence of gamma-band EEG activity as a basis for associative learning
Miltner, W. H. R., Braun, C., Arnold, M., Witte, H., & Taub, E. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/17126 · Cited by 798
Removal of ocular artifact from the EEG: a review
Croft, R. J., & Barry, R. J. (2000) · Neurophysiologie Clinique · doi:10.1016/s0987-7053(00)00055-1 · Cited by 751
Event-related brain potentials in boys at risk for alcoholism.
Begleiter, H., Porjesz, B., Bihari, B., & Kissin, B. (1984) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6474187 · Cited by 711
Ullsperger, M., & von Cramon, D. Y. (2001) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.0935 · Cited by 702
A Source Analysis of the Late Human Auditory Evoked Potentials
Scherg, M., Vajsar, J., & Picton, T. W. (1989) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.1989.1.4.336 · Cited by 704
“The effects of blinks and eye movements on each of the scalp recordings were determined from the non-timelocked components of the raw EEG and EOG data using regression techniques ( Gratton, Coles, & Donchin 1983; Picton 1987).”
MethodKeil, A., Debener, S., Gratton, G., Junghöfer, M., Kappenman, E. S., Luck, S. J., Luu, P., Miller, G. A., & Yee, C. M. (2013) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12147 · Cited by 702
Self-citationThe feedback-related negativity reflects the binary evaluation of good versus bad outcomes
Hajcak, G., Moser, J. S., Holroyd, C. B., & Simons, R. F. (2005) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.04.001 · Cited by 726
“…subjects' response (500 ms prior to feedback), and continued for 1500 ms. Off-line, the EEG for each trial was corrected for vertical EOG artifacts using the method developed by Gratton et al. (1983) and Miller et al. (1988) and then rereferenced to the average activity of the mastoid electrodes.”
A multiple source approach to the correction of eye artifacts
Berg, P., & Scherg, M. (1994) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/0013-4694(94)90094-9 · Cited by 696
Rapid perceptual integration of facial expression and emotional body language
Meeren, H. K. M., van Heijnsbergen, C. C. R. J., & de Gelder, B. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0507650102 · Cited by 678
Mental fatigue, motivation and action monitoring
Boksem, M. A. S., Meijman, T. F., & Lorist, M. M. (2005) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.08.007 · Cited by 705
“Out of range artefacts wererejectedand eye movementartefacts were corrected,using theGratton and Coles method ( Gratton et al., 1983 ).”
MethodExtraction of ocular artefacts from EEG using independent component analysis
Vigário, R. (1997) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/s0013-4694(97)00042-8 · Cited by 641
“Accepting that one or more EOG derivations well represent all eye activity, a correction is proposed by subtraction of a regressed portion of this signal throughout the EEG (see Gratton et al. (1983) for more details).”
BackgroundRoach, B. J., & Mathalon, D. H. (2008) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn093 · Cited by 599
“and blinks based on the vertical and horizontal electrooculogram channels using a regression approach.(81) Epochs were then baseline corrected by subtracting the 100 to 0 milliseconds prestimulus baseline from all data points in the epoch.”
MethodHolroyd, C. B., Pakzad-Vaezi, K. L., & Krigolson, O. E. (2008) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00668.x · Cited by 605
Hajcak, G., McDonald, N., & Simons, R. F. (2003) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/1469-8986.00107 · Cited by 553
Luu, P., Tucker, D. M., & Makeig, S. (2004) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2004.03.031 · Cited by 545
“At this stage, all trials were corrected for ocular artifacts using the method of Gratton et al. (1983). After removal of ocular artifacts, the data were analyzed for additional artifacts.”
P300 as an index of attention to self-relevant stimuli
Gray, H. M., Ambady, N., Lowenthal, W. T., & Deldin, P. J. (2003) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0022-1031(03)00092-1 · Cited by 576
“Digital sampling occurred at 512 Hz. Eye blink and movement were digitally correcting according to Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983) .”
MethodMotivated and controlled attention to emotion: Time-course of the late positive potential
Hajcak, G., Dunning, J. P., & Foti, D. (2009) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2008.11.028 · Cited by 541
“All the bioelectric signals were digitized on a laboratory Off-line, all data were re-referenced to the numeric mean of the mastoids and band-pass filtered between 0.1 and 30 Hz; the EEG was corrected for blinks and eye movements using the method developed by Gratton et al. (1983).”
InfluentialImpaired cognitive control and reduced cingulate activity during mental fatigue
Lorist, M. M., Boksem, M. A. S., & Ridderinkhof, K. R. (2005) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.01.018 · Cited by 542
“Standard psychophysiological procedures were applied to correct for eye movement artefact [15], excluding trials containing other types of movement artefacts or amplifier saturation.”
MethodIn search of the point of no return: The control of response processes
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“For each trial the EEC data were corrected for both vertical and horizontal ocular movement artifacts by using a procedure based on that described by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
MethodSelf-citationBrain-computer interfaces for communication and control
McFarland, D. J., & Wolpaw, J. R. (2011) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/1941487.1941506 · Cited by 541
Selective attention to facial emotion in physically abused children.
Pollak, S. D., & Tolley-Schell, S. A. (2003) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.3.323 · Cited by 515
“EEG data were adjusted for their regression on EOG, separately for blinks and other eye movements ( Gratton, Coles, & Donchin, 1983 ).”
MethodERP Correlates of Feedback and Reward Processing in the Presence and Absence of Response Choice
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“Ocular artifacts were corrected with an eye-movement correction algorithm (Gratton et al., 1983).”
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Rashid, M., Sulaiman, N., Majeed, A. P. P. A., Musa, R. M., Nasir, A. F. A., Bari, B. S., & Khatun, S. (2020) · Frontiers in Neurorobotics · doi:10.3389/fnbot.2020.00025 · Cited by 545
“…as adaptive filtering, Wiener filtering, Bayes filtering (Sweeney et al., 2012), surface Laplacian transforms (Fitzgibbon et al., 2013), regression (Gratton et al., 1983), Common Average Referencing (CAR) (Zaizu Ilyas et al., 2015), EOG correction (Croft and Barry, 2000), and blind source…”
BackgroundBrain processes in emotional perception: Motivated attention
Schupp, H. T., Cuthbert, B. N., Bradley, M. M., Hillman, C. H., Hamm, A. O., & Lang, P. J. (2004) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930341000239 · Cited by 508
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Self-citationScheffers, M. K., & Coles, M. G. H. (2000) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.26.1.141 · Cited by 493
Self-citationModulation of activity in medial frontal and motor cortices during error observation
van Schie, H. T., Mars, R. B., COLES, M. G. H., & Harold Bekkering, A. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1239 · Cited by 489
Self-citationCarlson, J. M., Foti, D., Mujica-Parodi, L. R., Harmon‐Jones, E., & Hajcak, G. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.05.037 · Cited by 490
“Each trial was corrected for blinks and eye movements using the method developed by Gratton et al. (1983).”
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Hajcak, G., Holroyd, C. B., Moser, J. S., & Simons, R. F. (2005) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00278.x · Cited by 500
“Ocular artifact was corrected with an eye-movement correction algorithm (Gratton et al., 1983).”
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van Dinteren, R., Arns, M., Jongsma, M. L. A., & Kessels, R. P. C. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0087347 · Cited by 510
“A continuous acquisition system was employed and EEG data were EOG corrected offline [43].”
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Differentiating neural responses to emotional pictures: evidence from temporal-spatial PCA.
Foti, D., Hajcak, G., & Dien, J. (2009) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00796.x · Cited by 562
On the ERN and the significance of errors
Hajcak, G., Moser, J. S., Yeung, N., & Simons, R. F. (2005) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00270.x · Cited by 608
Patterns of regional brain activity differentiate types of anxiety.
Heller, W., Nitschke, J. B., Etienne, M. A., & Miller, G. A. (1997) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.106.3.376 · Cited by 464
Small‐world properties of nonlinear brain activity in schizophrenia
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“We model S as SðV Þ = Qmax 1+expð –pðV – hÞ= ffiffiffi 3 p rÞ ; ð1Þ where h is the mean neural firing threshold, r is the standard deviation of this (approximately normally distributed) threshold, and Qmax is the maximum firing rate.”
Foti, D., & Hajcak, G. (2008) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20066 · Cited by 458
“The EEG for each trial was corrected for blinks and eye movements using the method developed by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
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Hajcak, G., McDonald, N. M., & Simons, R. F. (2003) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0511(03)00103-0 · Cited by 462
“Off-line, the EEG for each trial was corrected for vertical EOG and artifacts using the method developed by Gratton et al. (1983) (Miller et al.”
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Voss, U., Holzmann, R., Tuin, I., & Hobson, A. J. (2009) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/32.9.1191 · Cited by 445
Nijs, I. M. T., Muris, P., Euser, A. S., & Franken, I. H. A. (2009) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2009.11.004 · Cited by 448
Foti, D., Weinberg, A., Dien, J., & Hajcak, G. (2011) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21182 · Cited by 467
“Each trial was corrected for blinks and eye movements using the method developed by [Gratton et al. 1983].”
MethodA multifaceted investigation of the link between mental fatigue and task disengagement
Hopstaken, J. F., van der Linden, D., Bakker, A. B., & Kompier, M. A. J. (2014) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12339 · Cited by 503
Brains swinging in concert: cortical phase synchronization while playing guitar.
Lindenberger, U., Li, S.-C., Gruber, W., & Müller, V. (2009) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-10-22 · Cited by 444
“5 to 70 Hz, and corrected for eye movements using the Gratton and Coles algorithm [43].”
MethodThe persistence of attention to emotion: Brain potentials during and after picture presentation.
Hajcak, G., & Olvet, D. M. (2008) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.8.2.250 · Cited by 443
Functions of the Medial Frontal Cortex in the Processing of Conflict and Errors
Gehring, W. J., & Fencsik, D. E. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-23-09430.2001 · Cited by 438
“The EEG data were corrected for vertical and horizontal ocular movement artifacts (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodBeyond good and evil: The time-course of neural activity elicited by specific picture content.
Weinberg, A., & Hajcak, G. (2010) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0020242 · Cited by 425
“Offline, all data was referenced to the average of the left and right mastoids, and band-pass filtered with low and high cutoffs of 0.1 and 30 Hz, respectively; eyeblink and ocular corrections were conducted per Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
MethodInfluentialErrors in reward prediction are reflected in the event-related brain potential
Holroyd, C. B., Nieuwenhuis, S., Yeung, N., & Cohen, J. D. (2003) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200312190-00037 · Cited by 438
The temporal dynamics of emotion regulation: An EEG study of distraction and reappraisal
Thiruchselvam, R., Blechert, J., Sheppes, G., Rydstrom, A., & Gross, J. J. (2011) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.02.009 · Cited by 431
“EEG ata were first corrected for eye-blink artefacts using the procedure developed by ratton et al. (1983).”
Method“P300” and memory: Individual differences in the von Restorff effect
Karis, D., Fabiani, M., & Donchin, E. (1984) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(84)90007-0 · Cited by 425
Self-citationSpatial and temporal resolutions of EEG: Is it really black and white? A scalp current density view
Burle, B., Spieser, L., Roger, C., Casini, L., Hasbroucq, T., & Vidal, F. (2015) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.05.004 · Cited by 414
“After ocular artifact correction (Gratton et al., 1983), all the signals were carefully inspected to remove all other artifacts.”
McGue, M. K., Iacono, W. G., Legrand, L. N., Malone, S., & Elkins, I. J. (2001) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02330.x · Cited by 430
Neurocognitive sequelae of infants of diabetic mothers.
Nelson, C. A., Wewerka, S. S., Thomas, K. M., deRegnier, R.-A. O., Tribby-Walbridge, S., & Georgieff, M. (2000) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.114.5.950 · Cited by 401
Error-related psychophysiology and negative affect
Hajcak, G., McDonald, N. M., & Simons, R. F. (2004) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2003.11.001 · Cited by 412
P300 and Recall in an Incidental Memory Paradigm
Fabiani, M., Karis, D., & Donchin, E. (1986) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1986.tb00636.x · Cited by 411
Self-citationBrain maturation in adolescence: concurrent changes in neuroanatomy and neurophysiology
Whitford, T. J., Rennie, C. J., Grieve, S. M., Clark, C. R., Gordon, E., & Williams, L. M. (2007) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20273 · Cited by 391
“Data were corrected for eye movement offline [Gratton et al., 1983] and rereferenced to the average of A1 and A2 (mastoids).”
MethodElectrophysiology of Cognition
Hillyard, S. A., & Picton, T. W. (1987) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.cp010513 · Cited by 400
Strategic control and medial frontal negativity: Beyond errors and response conflict
Bartholow, B. D., Pearson, M. A., Dickter, C. L., Sher, K. J., Fabiani, M., & Gratton, G. (2005) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00258.x · Cited by 387
“by Gratton et al. (1992) was used to present high- and lowconflict stimuli to participants at varying levels of conflict probability.”
InfluentialSelf-citationIntentional modulation of emotional responding to unpleasant pictures: An ERP study
Moser, J. S., Hajcak, G., Bukay, E., & Simons, R. F. (2006) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2006.00402.x · Cited by 392
Spatiotemporal analysis of the late ERP responses to deviant stimuli
Spencer, K., Dien, J., & Donchin, E. (2001) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/1469-8986.3820343 · Cited by 403
Self-citationEnriquez-Geppert, S., Konrad, C., Pantev, C., & Huster, R. J. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.02.043 · Cited by 376
Context dependence of the event‐related brain potential associated with reward and punishment
Holroyd, C. B., Larsen, J. T., & Cohen, J. D. (2004) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2004.00152.x · Cited by 388
“Ocular artifact was corrected with an eye-movement correction algorithm ( Gratton, Coles, & Donchin, 1983 ).”
MethodFriedemann Pulvermüller, A. (1999) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/9.5.497 · Cited by 390
“Small artifacts caused by blinks or vertical or horizontal eye movements were removed using the method proposed by Gratton et al. (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodPlöchl, M., Ossandón, J., & Peter König, B. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00278 · Cited by 376
Fabiani, M., Gratton, G., Karis, D., & Donchin, E. (1987) · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) · Cited by 376
Self-citationThe stability of error‐related brain activity with increasing trials
Olvet, D. M., & Hajcak, G. (2009) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00848.x · Cited by 453
“Eyeblink and ocular corrections were made using the method developed by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983).”
MethodClinical application of the P300 event-related brain potential
Polich, J. M. (2004) · Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s1047-9651(03)00109-8 · Cited by 372
“Advanced EOG signal processing techniques are available that correct ERP single trials [157–159] or employ dipole source localization [160] or independent components analysis [161] to eliminate EOG artifact.”
MethodPrediction of electroencephalographic spectra from neurophysiology
Robinson, P. A., RENNIE, C. J., Wright, J. J., Bahramali, H., Gordon, E., & ROWE, D. L. (2001) · Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics · doi:10.1103/physreve.63.021903 · Cited by 366
Removal of ocular artifacts from electro-encephalogram by adaptive filtering
He, P., Wilson, G. F., & Russell, C. A. (2004) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/bf02344717 · Cited by 365
“To correct or remove ocular artifacts from EEG, many regression-based techniques have been proposed, including simple time-domain regression (VERLEGER et al., 1982; GRATTON et al., 1983), multiple-leg time-domain regression (KENEMANS et al.”
MethodInfluentialScheeringa, R., Petersson, K. M., Oostenveld, R., Norris, D. G., Peter Hagoort, A., & BASTIAANSEN, M. C. M. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.08.041 · Cited by 393
“In the subsequent step, residual eye blinks during the trial were corrected by applying the Gratton and Coles algorithm (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodAlpha power increases in right parietal cortex reflects focused internal attention
Benedek, M., Schickel, R. J., Jauk, E., Fink, A., & Neubauer, A. C. (2014) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.02.010 · Cited by 354
Induction of self awareness in dreams through frontal low current stimulation of gamma activity
Voss, U., Holzmann, R., Hobson, A., Paulus, W., Koppehele-Gossel, J., Klimke, A., & Nitsche, M. A. (2014) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3719 · Cited by 340
The good, the bad and the neutral: Electrophysiological responses to feedback stimuli
Holroyd, C. B., Hajcak, G., & Larsen, J. T. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.12.015 · Cited by 350
“Ocular artifact was corrected with an eye movement correction algorithm (Gratton et al., 1983).”
MethodInfluentialHajcak, G., & Foti, D. (2008) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02053.x · Cited by 371
Masking Disrupts Reentrant Processing in Human Visual Cortex
Fahrenfort, J. J., Scholte, H. S., & Lamme, V. A. F. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2007.19.9.1488 · Cited by 344
“Ocular correction was applied on the basis of the horizontal and vertical electrooculograms ( Gratton, Coles, & Donchin, 1983 ).”
MethodFoti, D., & Hajcak, G. (2009) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.12.004 · Cited by 341
“The EEG for each trial was corrected for blinks and eye movements using the method developed by Gratton et al .”
Brain events related to normal and moderately scrambled faces
George, N., Evans, J., Fiori, N., Davidoff, J. B., & Renault, B. (1996) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0926-6410(95)00045-3 · Cited by 343
P300 Clinical Utility and Control of Variability
Polich, J. M. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1097/00004691-199801000-00004 · Cited by 342
Holroyd, C. B., Dien, J., & COLES, M. G. H. (1998) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(98)00035-4 · Cited by 354
Self-citationReward prediction error signals associated with a modified time estimation task
Holroyd, C. B., & Krigolson, O. E. (2007) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2007.00561.x · Cited by 341
“Ocular artifacts were removed using the algorithm described by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1983) .”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Gratton, G., Coles, M. G. H., & Donchin, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- ORCID
- Gratton, Gabriele
- Venue
- Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1983-04
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 468-484
- ISSN
- 0013-4694 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2114512489
- Cited by
- 5,055
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 89 · 2025: 127 · 2024: 154 · 2023: 139 · 2022: 177 · 2021: 178 · 2020: 223 · 2019: 213 · 2018: 235 · 2017: 253 · 2016: 267 · 2015: 263 · 2014: 283 · 2013: 301 · 2012: 276
- FWCI
- 5.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- ocular artifact removal, event-related potentials, saccades, eye movements, trial retention
- MeSH terms
- Blinking, Electroencephalography, Electrooculography, Evoked Potentials, Humans, Mathematics
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