Cited by 253Sleep and Wakefulness ResearchSleep and Work-Related FatigueCircadian rhythm and melatonin

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Sleep deprivation in the rat by the disk-over-water method

Rechtschaffen, Allan, Bergmann, Bernard M.·1995·Behavioural Brain Research

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Abstract

Chronic sleep deprivation may be required to reveal the most serious physiological consequences of sleep loss, but it usually requires strong stimulation which can obscure the interpretation of effects. The disk-over-water method permits chronic sleep deprivation of rats with gentle physical stimulation that can be equally applied to yoked control rats. A series of studies with this method has revealed little or no pathology in the control rats. The deprived rats show a reliable syndrome that includes temperature changes (which vary with the sleep stages that are lost); heat seeking behavior; increased food intake; weight loss; increased metabolic rate; increased plasma norepinephrine; decreased plasma thyroxine; an increased triiodothyronine-thyroxine ratio; and an increase of an enzyme which mediates thermogenesis by brown adipose tissue. The temperature changes are attributable to excessive heat loss and an elevated thermoregulatory setpoint, both of which increase thermoregulatory load, and the other changes are interpretable as responses to this increased load. This pattern indicates that sleep serves a thermoregulatory function in the rat. The sleep deprived rats also show stereotypic ulcerative and hyperkeratotic lesions localized to the tail and plantar surfaces of the paws, and they die within a matter of weeks; the mediation of these changes is unresolved.

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Authors: Rechtschaffen, A., & Bergmann, B. M.
Affiliations: University of Chicago (US)
Corresponding author: Rechtschaffen, Allan
Venue: Behavioural Brain Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1995-07
Volume: 69
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 55-63
ISSN: 0166-4328 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0166-4328(95)00020-t
OpenAlex: W2123138830
Cited by: 253
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 1.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Behavioural Brain Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Chicago
National Institutes of Health
U.S. Public Health Service (ME 18428)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH-4151)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Keywords: sleep deprivation, chronic sleep deprivation, thermoregulation, brown adipose tissue, thermogenesis, norepinephrine, thyroid hormones, dietary intake, weight loss, metabolic rate, ulcerative lesions, hyperkeratosis, sleep function
MeSH terms: Animals, Sleep Deprivation, Rats

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Sleep deprivation in the rat by the disk-over-water method

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