Microfabrication of complex porous tissue engineering scaffolds using 3D projection stereolithography
Open accessAbstract
The success of tissue engineering will rely on the ability to generate complex, cell seeded three-dimensional (3D) structures. Therefore, methods that can be used to precisely engineer the architecture and topography of scaffolding materials will represent a critical aspect of functional tissue engineering. Previous approaches for 3D scaffold fabrication based on top-down and process driven methods are often not adequate to produce complex structures due to the lack of control on scaffold architecture, porosity, and cellular interactions. The proposed projection stereolithography (PSL) platform can be used to design intricate 3D tissue scaffolds that can be engineered to mimic the microarchitecture of tissues, based on computer aided design (CAD). The PSL system was developed, programmed and optimized to fabricate 3D scaffolds using gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). Variation of the structure and prepolymer concentration enabled tailoring the mechanical properties of the scaffolds. A dynamic cell seeding method was utilized to improve the coverage of the scaffold throughout its thickness. The results demonstrated that the interconnectivity of pores allowed for uniform human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) distribution and proliferation in the scaffolds, leading to high cell density and confluency at the end of the culture period. Moreover, immunohistochemistry results showed that cells seeded on the scaffold maintained their endothelial phenotype, demonstrating the biological functionality of the microfabricated GelMA scaffolds.
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Increasing the dimensionality of extracellular matrix around cells from 2D to 3D can significantly impact cell proliferation, differentiation, mechano-responses, and survival.
“Results from 3D studies demonstrate that increasing the dimensionality of extracellular matrix (ECM) around cells from 2D to 3D can significantly impact cell proliferation, differentiation, mechano-responses, and cell survival (2,10,41).”
From Modeling physiological events in 2D vs. 3D cell culture (2017) · cites this paper as [41]
The Results (§3.3; page unavailable) show that cells remained viable and proliferated on the 3D GelMA scaffolds. The Introduction (§1) discusses scaffold cues affecting differentiation, but the paper does not establish that changing the ECM from 2D to 3D significantly changes all four listed outcomes; its mechanical measurements concern the scaffolds, not cellular mechano-responses. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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BackgroundBone tissue engineering using 3D printing
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3D bioprinting for engineering complex tissues
Mandrycky, C., Wang, Z., Kim, K., & Kim, D. (2015) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.011 · Cited by 1,768 · see citing works
“(A) Schematic illustration of a stereolithography system (Gauvin et al., 2012).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRecent advances in 3D printing of biomaterials
Chia, H. N., & Wu, B. M. (2015) · Journal of Biological Engineering · doi:10.1186/s13036-015-0001-4 · Cited by 1,734 · see citing works
“Stiffer structures have been studied in vitro with mouse pre-osteoblasts [70], human umbilical vein endothelial cells [78], rat bone marrow cells [73], MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts [63,72,74], and human mesenchymal stem cells[71].”
BackgroundPhotopolymerization in 3D Printing
Bagheri, A., & Jin, J. (2019) · ACS Applied Polymer Materials · doi:10.1021/acsapm.8b00165 · Cited by 1,456 · see citing works
25th Anniversary Article: Rational Design and Applications of Hydrogels in Regenerative Medicine
Annabi, N., Tamayol, A., Uquillas, J. A., Akbari, M., Bertassoni, L. E., Cha, C., Camci‐Unal, G., Dokmeci, M. R., Peppas, N. A., & Khademhosseini, A. (2014) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201303233 · Cited by 1,409 · see citing works
Self-citationPrintability and shape fidelity of bioinks in 3D bioprinting
Schwab, A., Levato, R., D’Este, M., Piluso, S., Eglin, D., & Malda, J. (2020) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00084 · Cited by 1,359 · see citing works
Progress in 3D bioprinting technology for tissue/organ regenerative engineering
Matai, I., Kaur, G., Seyedsalehi, A., McClinton, A., & Laurencin, C. T. (2020) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119536 · Cited by 1,156 · see citing works
The bioink: A comprehensive review on bioprintable materials
Hospodiuk, M., Dey, M., Sosnoski, D. M., & Ozbolat, I. T. (2017) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.12.006 · Cited by 1,139 · see citing works
3D bioprinting for biomedical devices and tissue engineering: A review of recent trends and advances
Derakhshanfar, S., Mbeleck, R., Xu, K., Zhang, X., Zhong, W., & Xing, M. M. Q. (2018) · Bioactive Materials · doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.11.008 · Cited by 1,040 · see citing works
Mechanical Metamaterials and Their Engineering Applications
Surjadi, J. U., Gao, L., Du, H., Li, X., Xiong, X., Fang, N. X., & Lü, Y. (2019) · Advanced Engineering Materials · doi:10.1002/adem.201800864 · Cited by 992 · see citing works
Carbon-Nanotube-Embedded Hydrogel Sheets for Engineering Cardiac Constructs and Bioactuators
Shin, S. R., Jung, S. M., Zalabany, M., Kim, K., Zorlutuna, P., Kim, S. B., Nikkhah, M., Khabiry, M., Azize, M., Kong, J., et al. (2013) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn305559j · Cited by 946 · see citing works
“GelMA as an attractive scaffold material for creating micropatternable 3D tissue constructs.(19,20) We also reported recently the incorporation of CNTs up to”
Self-citation3D Printing of Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration Applications
Do, A., Khorsand, B., Geary, S. M., & Salem, A. K. (2015) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201500168 · Cited by 949 · see citing works
Bioinspired engineering of honeycomb structure – Using nature to inspire human innovation
Zhang, Q., Yang, X., Li, P., Huang, G., Feng, S., Shen, C., Han, B., Zhang, X., Jin, F., Xu, F., et al. (2015) · Progress in Materials Science · doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2015.05.001 · Cited by 838 · see citing works
Additive manufacturing of biomaterials
Bose, S., Ke, D., Sahasrabudhe, H., & Bandyopadhyay, A. K. (2017) · Progress in Materials Science · doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.08.003 · Cited by 751 · see citing works
Recent Progress on Polymer Materials for Additive Manufacturing
Tan, L. J., Zhu, W., & Zhou, K. (2020) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202003062 · Cited by 745 · see citing works
Bone biomaterials and interactions with stem cells
Gao, C., Peng, S., Feng, P., & Shuai, C. (2017) · Bone Research · doi:10.1038/boneres.2017.59 · Cited by 727 · see citing works
A Review of 3D Printing Technology for Medical Applications
Yan, Q., Dong, H., Su, J. D., Han, J., Song, B., Wei, Q., & Shi, Y. (2018) · Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.021 · Cited by 732 · see citing works
Hockaday, L. A., Kang, K. H., Colangelo, N. W., Cheung, P. Y.-C., Duan, B., Malone, E., Wu, J., Girardi, L. N., Bonassar, L. J., Lipson, H., et al. (2012) · Biofabrication · doi:10.1088/1758-5082/4/3/035005 · Cited by 684 · see citing works
Biofabrication: A Guide to Technology and Terminology
Moroni, L., Boland, T., Burdick, J. A., Maria, C. D., Derby, B., Forgács, G., Gröll, J., Li, Q., Malda, J., Mironov, V. A., et al. (2017) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.10.015 · Cited by 643 · see citing works
“In case of DLP, the RTM ratio can be increased to 2 (cid:6) 10 (cid:4) 3 m 2 / minute by parallelization of the light beam.”
InfluentialWang, Z., Abdulla, R., Parker, B., Samanipour, R., Ghosh, S., & Kim, K. (2015) · Biofabrication · doi:10.1088/1758-5090/7/4/045009 · Cited by 633 · see citing works
Scaffold Techniques and Designs in Tissue Engineering Functions and Purposes: A Review
Eltom, A., Zhong, G., & Ameen, M. (2019) · Advances in Materials Science and Engineering · doi:10.1155/2019/3429527 · Cited by 617 · see citing works
“[39] applied an equivalent method in the design of 3D scaffolds using gelatin methacrylate to obtain a specially designed scaffold with precise mechanical properties as needed.”
MethodVedadghavami, A., Minooei, F., Mohammadi, M. H., Khetani, S., Kolahchi, A. R., Mashayekhan, S., & Sanati‐Nezhad, A. (2017) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.028 · Cited by 544 · see citing works
Extrusion Bioprinting of Shear‐Thinning Gelatin Methacryloyl Bioinks
Liu, W. H., Heinrich, M. A., Zhou, Y., Akpek, A., Hu, N., Liu, X., Guan, X., Zhong, Z., Jin, X., Khademhosseini, A., et al. (2017) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201601451 · Cited by 506 · see citing works
Self-citationPrecise Tuning of Facile One-Pot Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Synthesis
Shirahama, H., Lee, B. H., Tan, L. P., & Cho, N. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep31036 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Mondschein, R. J., Kanitkar, A., Williams, C. B., Verbridge, S. S., & Long, T. E. (2017) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.06.005 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
“Natural oligomeric polymers commonly functionalized for use in SLA include polysaccharides[52, 69, 150] and polypeptides.[43, 46, 51, 151] Similarly photocurable monomers are used when functionalizing natural macromolecules, however various challenges exist.”
BackgroundMethodFiber-based tissue engineering: progress, challenges, and opportunities
Tamayol, A., Akbari, M., Annabi, N., Paul, A., Khademhosseini, A., & Juncker, D. (2013) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.11.007 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
“…2004; Nam and Park, 1999; Park et al., 2007; Tan et al., 2005; Vogelaar et al., 2003; Wiria et al., 2007), computer-aided design/ computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies (Gauvin et al., 2012; Hollister, 2005), and fiber-based techniques (Heinemann et al., 2009; Lei and You-Lo, 2005).”
MethodSelf-citation3D Bioprinting: from Benches to Translational Applications
Heinrich, M. A., Liu, W. H., Jimenez, A., Yang, J., Akpek, A., Liu, X., Pi, Q., Mu, X., Hu, N., Schiffelers, R. M., et al. (2019) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.201805510 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Spatiotemporal hydrogel biomaterials for regenerative medicine
Brown, T. E., & Anseth, K. S. (2017) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c7cs00445a · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Fabrication of physical and chemical crosslinked hydrogels for bone tissue engineering
Xu, X. J., Hu, Y., Wang, S., Chen, X., Jiang, Y., & Su, J. (2021) · Bioactive Materials · doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.10.029 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
Vat polymerization-based bioprinting—process, materials, applications and regulatory challenges
Ng, W. L., Lee, J. M., Zhou, M., Chen, Y., Lee, A. K.-X., Yeong, W. Y., & Shen, Y. (2019) · Biofabrication · doi:10.1088/1758-5090/ab6034 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Self-citationAdvances in Extrusion 3D Bioprinting: A Focus on Multicomponent Hydrogel‐Based Bioinks
Cui, X., Li, J., Hartanto, Y., Durham, M., Tang, J., Zhang, H., Hooper, G. J., Lim, K. S., & Woodfield, T. B. F. (2020) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201901648 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Lin, H., Zhang, D., Alexander, P. G., Yang, G., Tan, J., Cheng, A. W. M., & Tuan, R. S. (2012) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.09.048 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
“To overcome this limitation, many biodegradable materials capable of supporting cell growth have been adapted for PSL, including synthesized polymers such as poly(trimethylene carbonate) [11], poly(ethylene glycol)/ poly(D,L-lactide) [12], and naturally derived polymers, such as gelatin [10].”
BackgroundMethodXiao, S.-N., Zhao, T.-F., Wang, J.-K., Wang, C.-G., Du, J., Ying, L., Lin, J., Zhang, C., Hu, W., Wang, L., et al. (2019) · Stem Cell Reviews and Reports · doi:10.1007/s12015-019-09893-4 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Zhang, A. P., Qu, X., Soman, P., Hribar, K. C., Lee, J. W., Chen, S., & He, S. (2012) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201202024 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Self-citationZhu, Z., Ng, D. W. H., Park, H. S., & McAlpine, M. C. (2020) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/s41578-020-00235-2 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Recent advances in 3D printing of porous ceramics: A review
Hwa, L. C., Rajoo, S., Noor, A. M., Ahmad, N. B., & Al-Naib, U. M. B. (2017) · Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science · doi:10.1016/j.cossms.2017.08.002 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Gelatin-Based Materials in Ocular Tissue Engineering
Rose, J., Pacelli, S., Haj, A. J. E., Dua, H. S., Hopkinson, A., White, L. J., & Rose, F. R. A. J. (2014) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma7043106 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Stereolithography in tissue engineering
Skoog, S. A., Goering, P. L., & Narayan, R. J. (2013) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10856-013-5107-y · Cited by 324 · see citing works
“[48] fabricated collagen-based gelatin methacrylate (Gel-MA) hydrogels into hexagonal or wood pile porous structures using various polymer concentrations.”
MethodA review on quality control in additive manufacturing
Kim, H., Lin, Y., & Tseng, T.-L. (2018) · Rapid Prototyping Journal · doi:10.1108/rpj-03-2017-0048 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Tissue Engineering: Toward a New Era of Medicine
Shafiee, A., & Atala, A. (2016) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev-med-102715-092331 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Bio-resin for high resolution lithography-based biofabrication of complex cell-laden constructs
Lim, K. S., Levato, R., Costa, P. F., Castilho, M. D., Alcala‐Orozco, C. R., van Dorenmalen, K. M. A., Melchels, F. P. W., Gawlitta, D., Hooper, G. J., Malda, J., et al. (2018) · Biofabrication · doi:10.1088/1758-5090/aac00c · Cited by 297 · see citing works
3D Bioprinting in Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering
Ostrovidov, S., Salehi, S., Costantini, M., Suthiwanich, K., Ebrahimi, M., Sadeghian, R. B., Fujie, T., Shi, X., Cannata, S. M., Gargioli, C., et al. (2019) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.201805530 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Self-citationMicro 3D Printing of a Temperature-Responsive Hydrogel Using Projection Micro-Stereolithography
Han, D., Lu, Z., Chester, S. A., & Lee, H. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20385-2 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Print Me An Organ! Why We Are Not There Yet
Ng, W. L., Chua, C. K., & Shen, Y. (2019) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101145 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Sustainable polyurethanes: toward new cutting-edge opportunities
Delavarde, A., Савин, Г. А., Derkenne, P., Boursier, M., Morales‐Cerrada, R., Nottelet, B., Pinaud, J., & Caillol, S. (2024) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2024.101805 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Structured Macroporous Hydrogels: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities
France, K. J. D., Xu, F., & Hoare, T. R. (2017) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201700927 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Wang, Z., Kumar, H., Tian, Z., Jin, X., Holzman, J. F., Ménard, F., & Kim, K. (2018) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.8b06607 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
High-performance 3D printing of hydrogels by water-dispersible photoinitiator nanoparticles
Pawar, A. A., Saada, G., Cooperstein, I., Larush, L., Jackman, J. A., Tabaei, S. R., Cho, N., & Magdassi, S. (2016) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501381 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Light to Shape the Future: From Photolithography to 4D Printing
del Barrio, J., & Sánchez‐Somolinos, C. (2019) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.201900598 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Gelatin hydrogels formed by orthogonal thiol–norbornene photochemistry for cell encapsulation
Mũnoz, Z., Shih, H., & Lin, C. (2014) · Biomaterials Science · doi:10.1039/c4bm00070f · Cited by 254 · see citing works
A review on fabricating tissue scaffolds using vat photopolymerization
Chartrain, N. A., Williams, C. B., & Whittington, A. R. (2018) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.010 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Bioprinting the Cancer Microenvironment
Zhang, Y. S., Duchamp, M., Öklü, R., Ellisen, L. W., Langer, R., & Khademhosseini, A. (2016) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00246 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Self-citationBao, Y., Paunović, N., & Leroux, J. (2022) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202109864 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Review: Polymeric-Based 3D Printing for Tissue Engineering
Wu, G.-H., & Hsu, S. (2015) · Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering · doi:10.1007/s40846-015-0038-3 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
“[28].”
Bioprinting of skin constructs for wound healing
He, P. C., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., Li, B., Gou, Z., Gou, M., & Li, X. (2018) · Burns & Trauma · doi:10.1186/s41038-017-0104-x · Cited by 241 · see citing works
3D printing of biomimetic microstructures for cancer cell migration
Huang, T. Q., Qu, X., Liu, J., & Chen, S. (2013) · Biomedical Microdevices · doi:10.1007/s10544-013-9812-6 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
“(Lu and Chen 2008), (Grogan et al. 2013), (Suri et al. 2011), (Soman et al. 2012c), (Gauvin et al. 2012), (Fozdar et al. 2011), (Soman et al. 2012b), (Han et al. 2010), (Zhang et al. 2012) In brief, usercreated branched honeycomb design was loaded into the computer, and the digital light processing…”
BackgroundSelf-citationBiobased composites from agro-industrial wastes and by-products
Ortega, F., Versino, F., López, O. V., & García, M. A. (2021) · Emergent Materials · doi:10.1007/s42247-021-00319-x · Cited by 236 · see citing works
“[472] stressed that studies about cell-seeded scaffolds have accomplished novelty materials and processing methods leading to well-engineered biocompatible systems.”
Background3-dimensional bioprinting for tissue engineering applications
Gu, B. K., Choi, D. J., Park, S. J., Kim, M. S., Kang, C. M., & Kim, C. (2016) · Biomaterials Research · doi:10.1186/s40824-016-0058-2 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
“To achieve these functions, biomedical scaffolds for tissue engineering require a highly porous 3D structure that allows cell affinity such as proliferation, migration, attachment, and differentiation, even enables nutrients and oxygen transport [30, 31].”
BackgroundA review of bioceramic porous scaffolds for hard tissue applications: Effects of structural features
Jodati, H., Yılmaz, B., & Evis, Z. (2020) · Ceramics International · doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.03.192 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Light-assisted direct-write of 3D functional biomaterials
Hribar, K. C., Soman, P., Warner, J., Chung, P., & Chen, S. (2013) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/c3lc50634g · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Self-citationA review of microfabrication and hydrogel engineering for micro-organs on chips
Verhulsel, M., Vignes, M., Descroix, S., Malaquin, L., Vignjevic, D. M., & Viovy, J. (2013) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.021 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Biomechanics and mechanobiology in functional tissue engineering
Guilak, F., Butler, D. L., Goldstein, S. A., & Baaijens, F. F. (2014) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.04.019 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
“, 2009; Reilly and Engler, 2010), other studies have examined the role of factors such as extracellular matrix topography or modulus within scaffolds as means of influencing local cellular responses (Dellatore et al., 2008; Gauvin et al., 2012; Guex et al., 2013; Kolambkar et al., 2014; Lim et al., 2011; Nii et al., 2…”
BackgroundA Review of Multi-Material 3D Printing of Functional Materials via Vat Photopolymerization
Shaukat, U., Rossegger, E., & Schlögl, S. (2022) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym14122449 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Development and characterisation of a new bioink for additive tissue manufacturing
Melchels, F. P. W., Dhert, W. J. A., Hutmacher, D. W., & Malda, J. (2014) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/c3tb21280g · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels: The Old and New Functional Materials
Wang, M., Bai, J., Shao, K., Tang, W., Zhao, X., Lin, D., Huang, S., Chen, C., Ding, Z., & Ye, J. (2021) · International Journal of Polymer Science · doi:10.1155/2021/2225426 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
“With the swelling of the hydrogels due to the Donnan potential, the releasing time of drugs can be greatly prolonged while the dosage of the drug can be reduced [63, 64].”
BackgroundTextile Technologies and Tissue Engineering: A Path Toward Organ Weaving
Akbari, M., Tamayol, A., Bagherifard, S., Serex, L., Mostafalu, P., Faramarzi, N., Mohammadi, M. H., & Khademhosseini, A. (2016) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201500517 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, W., Mille, L. S., Robledo, J. A., Uribe-Velázquez, T., Huerta, V., & Zhang, Y. S. (2020) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202000156 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Digital microfabrication of user‐defined 3D microstructures in cell‐laden hydrogels
Soman, P., Chung, P. H., Zhang, A. P., & Chen, S. (2013) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.24957 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
“Low and high strain bulk moduli of the 10% GelMA scaffolds were 75 and 580 kPa respectively (Gauvin et al., 2012).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationEngineering materials with light: recent progress in digital light processing based 3D printing
Zhao, Z. G., Tian, X., & Song, X. (2020) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/d0tc03548c · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Hung, K., Tseng, C., & Hsu, S. (2014) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201400018 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
From Arteries to Capillaries: Approaches to Engineering Human Vasculature
Fleischer, S., Tavakol, D. N., & Vunjak‐Novakovic, G. (2020) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.201910811 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Recent Trends in Advanced Photoinitiators for Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing
Bao, Y. (2022) · Macromolecular Rapid Communications · doi:10.1002/marc.202200202 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
O’Connell, C. D., Zhang, B., Onofrillo, C., Duchi, S., Blanchard, R., Quigley, A. F., Bourke, J., Gambhir, S., Kapsa, R. M. I., Bella, C. D., et al. (2018) · Soft Matter · doi:10.1039/c7sm02187a · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Spatially and temporally controlled hydrogels for tissue engineering
Leijten, J., Seo, J., Yue, K., Santiago, G. T., Tamayol, A., Ruiz‐Esparza, G. U., Shin, S. R., Sharifi, R., Noshadi, I., Álvarez, M. M., et al. (2017) · Materials Science and Engineering R Reports · doi:10.1016/j.mser.2017.07.001 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Self-citationMohanty, S., Larsen, L. B., Trifol, J., Szabó, P., Burri, H., Canali, C., Dufva, M., Emnéus, J., & Wolff, A. (2015) · Materials Science and Engineering C · doi:10.1016/j.msec.2015.06.002 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
3D printing a mechanically-tunable acrylate resin on a commercial DLP-SLA printer
Borrello, J. A., Nasser, P. R., Iatridis, J. C., & Costa, K. D. (2018) · Additive manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.addma.2018.08.019 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
(Photo-)crosslinkable gelatin derivatives for biofabrication applications
Hoorick, J. V., Tytgat, L., Dobos, A., Ottevaere, H., Erps, J. V., Hugo Thienpont, A., Ovsianikov, A., Dubruel, P., & Vlierberghe, S. V. (2019) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.035 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
“used gel-MA with Irgacure 2959 as a biomaterial ink for the production of micropatterned scaffolds suitable for meniscus and vascular tissue engineering respectively [186,187].”
MethodChitosan-based inks for 3D printing and bioprinting
Taghizadeh, M., Taghizadeh, A. A., Yazdi, M. K., Zarrintaj, P., Stadler, F. J., Ramsey, J. D., Habibzadeh, S., Rad, S. H., Naderi, G., Saeb, M. R., et al. (2021) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d1gc01799c · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Biodegradable Polymers for Biomedical Additive Manufacturing
Puppi, D., & Chiellini, E. (2020) · Applied Materials Today · doi:10.1016/j.apmt.2020.100700 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Fabrication Aspects of Porous Biomaterials in Orthopedic Applications: A Review
Babaie, E., & Bhaduri, S. B. (2017) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00615 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
3D-Printed Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering Application
Li, X., Cui, R., Sun, L., Aifantis, K. E., Fan, Y., Feng, Q., Cui, F., & Watari, F. (2014) · International Journal of Polymer Science · doi:10.1155/2014/829145 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
“Gelatin methacrylate was used to fabricate via the proposed projection stereolithography (PSL) platform, which can be used to design intricate 3D structure that can be engineered to mimic the microarchitecture of tissues, based on CAD [58].”
MethodInverse Opal Scaffolds and Their Biomedical Applications
Zhang, Y., Zhu, C.-L., & Xia, Y.-N. (2017) · Advances in Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201701115 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
3D Printing in Medicine for Preoperative Surgical Planning: A Review
Tejo‐Otero, A., Buj-Corral, I., & Fenollosa-Artés, F. (2019) · Annals of Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1007/s10439-019-02411-0 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Review of Synthetic and Hybrid Scaffolds in Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Wasyłeczko, M., Sikorska, W., & Chwojnowski, A. (2020) · Membranes · doi:10.3390/membranes10110348 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
3D printed drug delivery devices: perspectives and technical challenges
Palo, M., Holländer, J., Suominen, J., Yliruusi, J. K., & Sandler, N. (2017) · Expert Review of Medical Devices · doi:10.1080/17434440.2017.1363647 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Light-based vat-polymerization bioprinting
Levato, R., Dudaryeva, O. Y., Garciamendez‐Mijares, C. E., Kirkpatrick, B. E., Rizzo, R., Schimelman, J. B., Anseth, K. S., Chen, S., Zenobi‐Wong, M., & Zhang, Y. S. (2023) · Nature Reviews Methods Primers · doi:10.1038/s43586-023-00231-0 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
“…bioprinters use light-emitting diode arrays that directly emit patterned light 27 via liquid-crystal display screens that form digital masks in front of the light source to achieve patterned light 28 or digital micromirror array devices (DMDs) that reflect incident light to build patterns 29–31 .”
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“cells, cardiac stem cells [37], human umbilical vein endothelial cells [46], NIH-3T3 cells and human mesenchymal stem cells [47].”
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- Authors
- Gauvin, R., Chen, Y.-C., Lee, J. W., Soman, P., Zorlutuna, P., Nichol, J. W., Bae, H., Chen, S., & Khademhosseini, A.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Ying-Chieh
- Chen, Shaochen
- Khademhosseini, Ali
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biomaterials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-05
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 3824-3834
- ISSN
- 0142-9612 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3766354
- OpenAlex
- W2164279637
- Cited by
- 641
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 53 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 22.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biomaterials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (HL099073, EB012597, HL092836)
- Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies
- National Science Foundation (DMR0847287)
- Office of Naval Research
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Keywords
- projection stereolithography, tissue engineering scaffolds, gelatin methacryloyl, 3D microfabrication, porous scaffolds, scaffold porosity, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, endothelial phenotype, scaffold mechanical properties, scaffold architecture
- MeSH terms
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Humans, Porosity, Microscopy, Confocal, Tissue Engineering, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Tissue Scaffolds, Microtechnology, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
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