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Functional neuroanatomy of working memory in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Abstract
Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults is an increasingly recognized psychiatric disorder, linked with impairments in numerous life domains and with neurocognitive dysfunctions. However, the neural substrate of cognitive functioning in adults with this disorder has been relatively unexamined. The objective of this study was to examine neural functioning in ADHD adults during performance on a verbal working memory task.Methods A sample of unmedicated adults with ADHD (n = 20) and control subjects (n = 20) performed a 2-back task of working memory, and the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) response was used as a measure of neural activity during working memory performance.Results Though working memory performance did not differ significantly between ADHD adults and control subjects, ADHD adults showed significantly decreased activity in cerebellar and occipital regions and a trend toward decreased activation in an a priori predicted region of the prefrontal cortex.Conclusions ADHD adults showed altered patterns of neural activity despite comparable performance on a verbal working memory task. These findings suggest that the cerebellum is involved in the pathophysiology of at least some cognitive deficits associated with ADHD and emphasize the need for additional research aimed at elucidating the role of the cerebellum in ADHD symptomatology.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Valera, E. M., Faraone, S. V., Biederman, J., Poldrack, R. A., & Seidman, L. J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Valera, Eve M.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-03
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 439-447
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012735958
- Cited by
- 211
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 9.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1f32mh065040-01a1)
- National Institute of Mental Health (1 F32 MH065040-01A1, R01MH057934, MH-57934, MH62152-02, R01MH062152)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41-RR-14075, P41RR014075)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- adult ADHD, working memory, cerebellum, neural correlates, 2-back task, prefrontal cortex, occipital cortex, functional neuroanatomy, cognitive impairment
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebellum, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Oxygen, Reaction Time, Prefrontal Cortex, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders
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