Indiscriminate Amygdala Response to Mothers and Strangers After Early Maternal Deprivation
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Background In altricial species, maternal stimuli have powerful effects on amygdala development and attachment-related behaviors. In humans, maternal deprivation has been associated with both "indiscriminate friendliness" toward non-caregiving adults and altered amygdala development. We hypothesized that maternal deprivation would be associated with reduced amygdala discrimination between mothers and strangers and increased parent report of indiscriminate friendliness behaviors.Methods Sixty-seven youths (33 previously institutionalized; 34 comparison; age-at-scan 4-17 years) participated in a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment designed to examine amygdala response to mother versus stranger faces. In-scanner behavior was measured. Indiscriminate friendliness was assessed with parental report.Results Comparison youth showed an amygdala response that clearly discriminated mother versus stranger stimuli. Previously institutionalized youths, by contrast, exhibited reduced amygdala discrimination between mothers and strangers. Reduced amygdala differentiation correlated with greater reports of indiscriminate friendliness. These effects correlated with age-at-adoption, with later adoptions being associated with reduced amygdala discrimination and more indiscriminate friendliness.Conclusions Our results suggest that early maternal deprivation is associated with reduced amygdala discrimination between mothers and strangers, and reduced amygdala discrimination was associated with greater reports of indiscriminate friendliness. Moreover, these effects increased with age-at-adoption. These data suggest that the amygdala, in part, is associated with indiscriminate friendliness and that there might be a dose-response relationship between institutional rearing and indiscriminate friendliness.
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Children adopted from institutions showed reduced amygdala discrimination between mothers and strangers compared with children with no history of institutional rearing or adoption.
“Olsavsky et al (2013) used fMRI to demonstrate that children adopted from institutions showed reduced amygdala discrimination between mothers and strangers compared with children with no history of institutional rearing or adoption.”
From Deviations from the expectable environment in early childhood and emerging psychopathology (2015) · cites this paper as Olsavsky et al, 2013
Reductions in mother-stranger discriminations were moderately associated with indiscriminate behavior.
“Reductions in mother-stranger discriminations were moderately associated with indiscriminate behavior.”
From Deviations from the expectable environment in early childhood and emerging psychopathology (2015) · cites this paper as Olsavsky et al, 2013
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- Authors
- Olsavsky, A. K., Telzer, E. H., Shapiro, M., Humphreys, K. L., Flannery, J., Goff, B., & Tottenham, N.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Olsavsky, Aviva K.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 853-860
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3818506
- OpenAlex
- W2121807029
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 15.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH091864)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
- Keywords
- maternal deprivation, amygdala, face discrimination, institutionalized children, age at adoption, attachment, amygdala development, early rearing environment
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Affect, Amygdala, Brain Mapping, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Maternal Deprivation, Mothers
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