Cited by 1,527Gut microbiota and healthGastrointestinal motility and disordersTryptophan and brain disorders

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Neurotransmitter modulation by the gut microbiota

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Strandwitz, Philip·2018·Brain Research

DOI 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.03.015PMC PMC6005194

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Abstract

The gut microbiota - the trillions of bacteria that reside within the gastrointestinal tract - has been found to not only be an essential component immune and metabolic health, but also seems to influence development and diseases of the enteric and central nervous system, including motility disorders, behavioral disorders, neurodegenerative disease, cerebrovascular accidents, and neuroimmune-mediated disorders. By leveraging animal models, several different pathways of communication have been identified along the "gut-brain-axis" including those driven by the immune system, the vagus nerve, or by modulation of neuroactive compounds by the microbiota. Of the latter, bacteria have been shown to produce and/or consume a wide range of mammalian neurotransmitters, including dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Accumulating evidence in animals suggests that manipulation of these neurotransmitters by bacteria may have an impact in host physiology, and preliminary human studies are showing that microbiota-based interventions can also alter neurotransmitter levels. Nonetheless, substantially more work is required to determine whether microbiota-mediated manipulation of human neurotransmission has any physiological implications, and if so, how it may be leveraged therapeutically. In this review this exciting route of communication along the gut-brain-axis, and accompanying data, are discussed.

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Authors: Strandwitz, P.
Affiliations: Northeastern University (US)
Corresponding author: Strandwitz, Philip
ORCID: Strandwitz, Philip
Venue: Brain Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2018-08
Volume: 1693
Issue: Pt B
Pages: 128-133
ISSN: 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.03.015
PMC: PMC6005194
OpenAlex: W2807772034
Cited by: 1,527
References: 71
Citations by year: 2026: 182 · 2025: 264 · 2024: 250 · 2023: 252 · 2022: 213 · 2021: 191 · 2020: 120 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 8
FWCI: 8.96
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (am, 314 d)
Locations: Brain Research (acceptedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Human Genome Research Institute (R01HG005824)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI122286)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Keywords: gut microbiota, neurotransmitters, gut-brain axis, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, GABA, neuroactive compounds, vagus nerve, neuroimmune interactions, neurodegenerative diseases, behavioral disorders, microbiota-targeted interventions
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Brain, Humans, Neurotransmitter Agents

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