Microbiota Modification with Probiotics Induces Hepatic Bile Acid Synthesis via Downregulation of the Fxr-Fgf15 Axis in Mice
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Gut microbiota influences host health status by providing trophic, protective, and metabolic functions, including bile acid (BA) biotransformation. Microbial imprinting on BA signature modifies pool size and hydrophobicity, thus contributing to BA enterohepatic circulation. Microbiota-targeted therapies are now emerging as effective strategies for preventing and/or treating gut-related diseases. Here, we show that gut microbiota modulation induced by VSL#3 probiotics enhances BA deconjugation and fecal excretion in mice. These events are associated with changes in ileal BA absorption, repression of the enterohepatic farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 15 (FXR-FGF15) axis, and increased hepatic BA neosynthesis. Treatment with a FXR agonist normalized fecal BA levels in probiotic-administered mice, whereas probiotic-induced alterations in BA metabolism are abolished upon FXR and FGF15 deficiency. Our data provide clear in vivo evidence that VSL#3 probiotics promote ileal BA deconjugation with subsequent fecal BA excretion and induce hepatic BA neosynthesis via downregulation of the gut-liver FXR-FGF15 axis.
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The multispecies VSL#3 probiotic (carrying Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains) enhances bile acid de-conjugation and upregulates hepatic bile acid synthesis via the intestinal FXR/FGF15 signaling pathway.
“the multispecies VSL#3 probiotic (carrying Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains) was shown to enhance bile acid de-conjugation and upregulate hepatic bile acid synthesis via the intestinal FXR/FGF15 signaling pathway (Degirolamo et al., 2014).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Degirolamo et al., 2014
Probiotics reduce absorption of bile acids and promote hepatic bile acid synthesis through the enterohepatic FXR-FGF15 axis.
“Probiotics have been found to reduce the absorption of bile acids and promote hepatic bile acid synthesis through the enterohepatic FXR‐FGF15 axis (Degirolamo et al., 2014).”
From <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> alleviates <scp>high‐fat‐diet</scp> ‐related metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota and bile acids (2023) · cites this paper as Degirolamo et al., 2014
VSL#3 probiotics can induce hepatic bile acid neosynthesis via downregulation of the gut-liver FXR-FGF15 axis.
“VSL#3 probiotics can induce hepatic BA neosynthesis via downregulation of the gut-liver FXR-FGF15 axis (10).”
Probiotic VSL#3 affects hepatic bile acid synthesis by downregulating the gut-liver FXR-FGF15 axis.
“Results from a recent study demonstrate that probiotic VSL#3 affects hepatic BA synthesis by downregulating the gut-liver FXR-FGF15 axis.”
Microbiota-targeted therapies affect cholesterol metabolism by inducing hepatic bile acid synthesis via regulation of the gut-liver FXR-FGF15 axis.
“This suggests that microbiota-targeted therapies affect cholesterol metabolism by inducing hepatic BA synthesis via the regulation of the gut-liver FXR-FGF15 axis (10).”
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Daly, J. W., Keely, S. J., & Gahan, C. G. M. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9040732 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Bacterial metabolites directly modulate farnesoid X receptor activity
Zhang, X., Osaka, T., & Tsuneda, S. (2015) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/s12986-015-0045-y · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Functional food addressing heart health: do we have to target the gut microbiota?
Ryan, P. M., Ross, R. P., Fitzgerald, G. F., Caplice, N. M., & Stanton, C. (2015) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000224 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
- Authors
- Degirolamo, C., Rainaldi, S., Bovenga, F., Murzilli, S., & Moschetta, A.
- Affiliations
- Mario Negri Sud Foundation (IT)
- Istituto Tumori Bari (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Moschetta, Antonio
- ORCID
- Moschetta, Antonio
- Venue
- Cell Reports
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-04
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 12-18
- ISSN
- 2211-1247 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2167628071
- Cited by
- 356
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 9
- FWCI
- 11.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion)
- INFM-OAR (INFN Catania) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Wake Forest University
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
- Ministero della Salute (GR-2010)
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (IG 14732)
- Università degli Studi dell'Aquila
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, probiotics, VSL#3, bile acid synthesis, bile acid deconjugation, enterohepatic circulation, farnesoid X receptor, FGF15, fecal bile acid excretion, FXR agonists
- MeSH terms
- Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated, Animals, Bile Acids and Salts, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Intestinal Mucosa, Intestines, Liver, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Signal Transduction, Down-Regulation, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Probiotics, Mice, Microbiota
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