Molecular Basis for Feedback Regulation of Bile Acid Synthesis by Nuclear Receptors
Open accessAbstract
The catabolism of cholesterol into bile acids is regulated by oxysterols and bile acids, which induce or repress transcription of the pathway's rate-limiting enzyme cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). The nuclear receptor LXRalpha binds oxysterols and mediates feed-forward induction. Here, we show that repression is coordinately regulated by a triumvirate of nuclear receptors, including the bile acid receptor, FXR; the promoter-specific activator, LRH-1; and the promoter-specific repressor, SHP. Feedback repression of CYP7A1 is accomplished by the binding of bile acids to FXR, which leads to transcription of SHP. Elevated SHP protein then inactivates LRH-1 by forming a heterodimeric complex that leads to promoter-specific repression of both CYP7A1 and SHP. These results reveal an elaborate autoregulatory cascade mediated by nuclear receptors for the maintenance of hepatic cholesterol catabolism.
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FXR activation induces SHP and FGF15, thereby suppressing CYP7A1 expression and ultimately inhibiting bile acid synthesis.
“Previous studies have shown that FXR activation induces SHP and FGF15, thereby suppressing CYP7A1 expression and ultimately inhibiting BA synthesis (31, 32).”
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- Authors
- Lu, T. T., Makishima, M., Repa, J. J., Schoonjans, K., Kerr, T. A., Auwerx, J., & Mangelsdorf, D. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Mangelsdorf, David J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-09
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 507-515
- ISSN
- 1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2068458442
- Cited by
- 1,487
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 64
- FWCI
- 73.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Keywords
- bile acid synthesis, feedback regulation, nuclear receptors, farnesoid X receptor, liver X receptor alpha, LRH-1, SHP, CYP7A1, oxysterols, bile acids, transcriptional repression, heterodimeric complex
- MeSH terms
- Liver X Receptors, Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated, Animals, Bile Acids and Salts, Cells, Cultured, Cholesterol, Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase, DNA-Binding Proteins, Feedback, Homeostasis, Humans, Kidney, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Repressor Proteins, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Mice, Orphan Nuclear Receptors
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