Vive les differences! Individual variation in neural mechanisms of executive control
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Investigations of individual differences have become increasingly important in the cognitive neuroscience of executive control. For instance, individual variation in lateral prefrontal cortex function (and that of associated regions) has recently been used to identify contributions of executive control processes to a number of domains, including working memory capacity, anxiety, reward/motivation, and emotion regulation. However, the origins of such individual differences remain poorly understood. Recent progress toward identifying the genetic and environmental sources of variation in neural traits, in combination with progress in identifying the causal relationships between neural and cognitive processes, will be essential for developing a mechanistic understanding of executive control.
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Substantial evidence has accrued that individual differences in successful adaptive psychological styles are central to human development, functioning, social cohesion, and health outcomes.
“Although consensus remains elusive on defining specific personality or cognitive "types" (18,19), substantial evidence has accrued that individual differences in successful adaptive psychological styles are central to human development, functioning, social cohesion, and health outcomes (20)(21)(22)(23).”
From Distinct neuropsychological subgroups in typically developing youth inform heterogeneity in children with ADHD (2012) · cites this paper as [22]
The Abstract links individual differences in personality, emotion processing, and cognitive ability to executive control, and the Emotion regulation section discusses differences in regulation success and depression. These passages support a narrower claim about cognitive and emotional functioning, but do not establish that adaptive psychological styles are central to human development, social cohesion, or health outcomes broadly. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSimilar arguments have been made for COMT and working memory, with an evolutionary trade-off between efficient working memory updating (val) and robust working memory maintenance (met).
“Similar arguments have been made with regard to COMT and working memory, with an evolutionary trade-off between efficient working memory updating (val) and robust working memory maintenance (met) (22).”
From Distinct neuropsychological subgroups in typically developing youth inform heterogeneity in children with ADHD (2012) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Braver, T. S., Cole, M. W., & Yarkoni, T.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Corresponding author
- Braver, Todd S
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-04
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 242-250
- ISSN
- 0959-4388 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2904672
- OpenAlex
- W1973316969
- Cited by
- 130
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 0.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH066078)
- National Institute of Nursing Research (F32NR012081)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- executive function, individual differences, lateral prefrontal cortex, neural mechanisms, working memory capacity, anxiety, reward and motivation, emotion regulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anxiety, Attention, Brain, Cognition, Emotions, Humans, Memory, Short-Term, Motivation, Genetic Variation, Executive Function
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