Microplastic Moves Pollutants and Additives to Worms, Reducing Functions Linked to Health and Biodiversity
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Inadequate products, waste management, and policy are struggling to prevent plastic waste from infiltrating ecosystems [1, 2]. Disintegration into smaller pieces means that the abundance of micrometer-sized plastic (microplastic) in habitats has increased [3] and outnumbers larger debris [2, 4]. When ingested by animals, plastic provides a feasible pathway to transfer attached pollutants and additive chemicals into their tissues [5-15]. Despite positive correlations between concentrations of ingested plastic and pollutants in tissues of animals, few, if any, controlled experiments have examined whether ingested plastic transfers pollutants and additives to animals. We exposed lugworms (Arenicola marina) to sand with 5% microplastic that was presorbed with pollutants (nonylphenol and phenanthrene) and additive chemicals (Triclosan and PBDE-47). Microplastic transferred pollutants and additive chemicals into gut tissues of lugworms, causing some biological effects, although clean sand transferred larger concentrations of pollutants into their tissues. Uptake of nonylphenol from PVC or sand reduced the ability of coelomocytes to remove pathogenic bacteria by >60%. Uptake of Triclosan from PVC diminished the ability of worms to engineer sediments and caused mortality, each by >55%, while PVC alone made worms >30% more susceptible to oxidative stress. As global microplastic contamination accelerates, our findings indicate that large concentrations of microplastic and additives can harm ecophysiological functions performed by organisms.
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Microplastics have the potential to cause negative physical effects (e.g., food dilution in Daphnia magna) and chemical effects (e.g., plastic additives reduce ecophysiological function in Arenicola marina).
“Concerns surrounding the direct harm of consuming microplastics arises owing to the potential for microplastics to cause negative physical effects (e.g., food dilution in Daphnia magna)62 and chemical effects (e.g., plastic additives reduce ecophysiological function in Arenicola marina).63,64”
From Microplastics and Anthropogenic Particles in Recreationally Caught Freshwater Fish from an Urbanized Region of the North American Great Lakes (2024) · cites this paper as [64]
Browne et al. (2013) documented increased mortality of the annelid worm A. marina exposed to PVC MPs and the antibiotic triclosan.
“Browne et al. (2013) documented increased mortality of the annelid worm A. marina exposed to PVC MPs and the antibiotic triclosan.”
From Studies of the Effects of Microplastics on Aquatic Organisms: What Do We Know and Where Should We Focus Our Efforts in the Future? (2018) · cites this paper as Browne et al., 2013
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“63,64 68 However, it is unclear if toxicological e ff ects from either of these mechanisms are occurring in humans, and at what thresholds e ff ects occur.”
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- Authors
- Browne, M. A., Niven, S. J., Galloway, T. S., Rowland, S. J., & Thompson, R. C.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- University of Plymouth (GB)
- University of Exeter (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Browne, Mark Anthony
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 2388-2392
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1975771948
- Cited by
- 1,160
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 51 · 2025: 85 · 2024: 92 · 2023: 116 · 2022: 131 · 2021: 147 · 2020: 145 · 2019: 109 · 2018: 93 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 70 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 18 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 34.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (acceptedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Keywords
- microplastic ingestion, pollutant transfer, polymer additives, lugworm, Arenicola marina, nonylphenol, phenanthrene, triclosan, BDE-47, PVC, oxidative stress, plastic waste, marine invertebrates
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Eating, Environmental Monitoring, Intestinal Absorption, Phenanthrenes, Phenols, Plastics, Polychaeta, Polyvinyl Chloride, Refuse Disposal, Silicon Dioxide, Tissue Distribution, Triclosan, Water Pollutants, Oxidative Stress, Geologic Sediments, Gastrointestinal Tract, Biodiversity, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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