The Role of Mindfulness in Positive Reappraisal
Open accessAbstract
Mindfulness meditation is increasingly well known for therapeutic efficacy in a variety of illnesses and conditions, but its mechanism of action is still under debate in scientific circles. In this paper, we propose a hypothetical causal model that argues for the role of mindfulness in positive reappraisal coping. Positive reappraisal is a critical component of meaning-based coping that enables individuals to adapt successfully to stressful life events. Mindfulness, as a metacognitive form of awareness, involves the process of decentering, a shifting of cognitive sets that enables alternate appraisals of life events. We review the concept of positive reappraisal in transactional stress and coping theory, then describe research and traditional literature related to mindfulness and positive reappraisal, and detail the central role of mindfulness in the reappraisal process. With this understanding, we present a causal model explicating the proposed mechanism. The discussion has implications for clinical practice, suggesting how mindfulness-based integrative medicine interventions can be designed to support adaptive coping processes.
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Mindfulness may allow one to clear the contents of working memory in preparation for positively reappraising a distressing situation.
“For example, mindfulness may allow one to clear the contents of working memory in preparation for positively reappraising a distressing situation”
From Mindfulness Training Alters Emotional Memory Recall Compared to Active Controls: Support for an Emotional Information Processing Model of Mindfulness (2012) · cites this paper as Garland et al., 2009
The metacognitive-framework section says mindfulness may enable positive reappraisal by disengaging from an initial appraisal. It describes a shift in mental process rather than a clearing of mental contents. The Discussion mentions updating and monitoring working-memory representations, but does not say mindfulness clears working memory in preparation for reappraisal. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredEarlier work by the authors asserted that disengagement from negative appraisals of aversive stimuli in favor of attending to the raw sensorium of present-moment experience allows for the generation of new, more adaptive appraisals rather than reprocessing an existing cognitive set already tainted by negative emotional judgments.
“Earlier, we (2007; Garland et al., 2009) asserted that disengagement from negative appraisals of aversive stimuli in favor of attending to the raw sensorium of present moment experience allows for the generation of new, more adaptive appraisals rather than reprocessing an existing cognitive set already tainted by negative emotional judgments.”
From Therapeutic mechanisms of a mindfulness-based treatment for IBS: effects on visceral sensitivity, catastrophizing, and affective processing of pain sensations. (2012) · cites this paper as Garland et al., 2009
According to mindfulness-to-meaning theory, the observational stance fostered by mindfulness facilitates reframing situations from novel perspectives through reappraisal.
“According to the mindfulness-to-meaning theory [81, 82], this observational stance fosters an expanded attentional space, facilitating reframing situations from novel perspectives through reappraisal [34].”
From Emotion Regulation as a Mechanism of Mindfulness in Individual Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Disorders (2024) · cites this paper as [82]
The decentered perspective inherent in mindfulness facilitates a shift from automatic, habitual appraisals to more adaptive and flexible interpretations.
“Based on this framework, the decentered perspective inherent in mindfulness facilitates a shift from automatic, habitual appraisals to more adaptive and flexible interpretations.”
From Emotion Regulation as a Mechanism of Mindfulness in Individual Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Disorders (2024) · cites this paper as [82]
Disengaging from the emotional response elicited by these ways of thinking might be eased by the practice of mindfulness.
“Further, disengaging from the emotional response elicited by these ways of thinking might be eased by the practice of mindfulness [70].”
From At the Peak of the Second Wave of COVID-19, Did Millennials Show Different Emotional Responses from Older Adults? (2022) · cites this paper as [70]
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Garland, E. L., Froeliger, B., & Howard, M. O. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00173 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
“One theoretical model posits a multi-stage process of mindful emotion regulation (1, 145).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMin, J.-A., Yu, J. J., Lee, C.-U., & Chae, J.-H. (2013) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.05.008 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
The Role of Positive Affect in Pain and Its Treatment
Finan, P. H., & Garland, E. L. (2014) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000000092 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Self-citationGarland, E. L., Farb, N. A., Goldin, P. R., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2015) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2015.1092493 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
“…hypotheses that have been refined over the past 8 years (e.g., Garland, 2007; Garland et al., this issue; Garland, Fredrickson, et al., 2010; Garland et al., 2009) and will undoubtedly continue to evolve in the coming decades, as more empirical research is devoted to testing, unpacking,…”
BackgroundSelf-citationGarland, E. L., Gaylord, S. A., Palsson, O., Faurot, K., Douglas Mann, J., & Whitehead, W. E. (2012) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-011-9391-z · Cited by 210 · see citing works
“…number of patients receiving usual medical care, yet seems to be especially tractable to psychological treatments like cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) (Lackner et al., 2007), clinical hypnosis (Whorwell et al., 1984), and mindfulness-based therapy (Gaylord et al., 2011; Ljotsson et al., 2010).”
InfluentialSelf-citationLeyland, A., Rowse, G., & Emerson, L.-M. (2019) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000425 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Garland, E. L., Geschwind, N., Peeters, F., & Wichers, M. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00015 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
“Similarly, as reported in the parent study from which the present data is derived (Geschwind et al., 2011), multilevel linear regression revealed that MBCT participants experienced a significant mean increase in positive affect from pre- to post-assessment, whereas control participants did not…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationNeural correlates of mindfulness meditation-related anxiety relief
Zeidan, F., Martucci, K. T., Kraft, R. A., McHaffie, J. G., & Coghill, R. C. (2014) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst041 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
“Mindfulness meditation is hypothesized to regulate emotions by modifying cognitive and affective evaluations to sensory events by cognitive reappraisal processes (Shapiro et al., 2006; Garland et al., 2009; Garland et al., 2010a; Goldin and Gross, 2010).”
BackgroundState Mindfulness During Meditation Predicts Enhanced Cognitive Reappraisal
Garland, E. L., Hanley, A., Farb, N. A., & Froeliger, B. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0250-6 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
“doing provide a test of the Mindful Coping Model (Garland et al. 2009).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationZheng, W., Kark, R., & Meister, A. (2018) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.04.001 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Mindful emotion regulation: Exploring the neurocognitive mechanisms behind mindfulness
Grecucci, A., Pappaianni, E., Siugzdaite, R., Theuninck, A., & Job, R. (2015) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2015/670724 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
“Does mindfulness regulate our emotions primarily because it changes our way of thinking about self and the situation, namely, via cognitive reappraisal of an emotional situation as positive [34, 68], or because it produces an intimately detached or decentered accepting point of view that allows for raw experiencing (s…”
BackgroundEmotion Regulation Ability and Resilience in a Sample of Adolescents from a Suburban Area
Navas, J. M. M., Núñez-Lozano, J. M., Gómez‐Molinero, R., García, A. Z., & Bozal, R. G. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01980 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
“According to the above mention, teaching mindfulness can be an exciting way to promote this vital coping strategy (Garland et al., 2009).”
BackgroundGarland, E. L., Hanley, A. W., Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187727 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Self-citationMindfulness Skills and Emotion Regulation: the Mediating Role of Coping Self-Efficacy
Luberto, C. M., Cotton, S., McLeish, A. C., Mingione, C. J., & O’Bryan, E. M. (2013) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-012-0190-6 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Beighton, C., & Wills, J. (2016) · Journal of Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1177/1744629516656073 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
“, 2007) and although its effectiveness for parents of children with intellectual disabilities has yet to be fully evaluated, mindfulness training programmes have shown to help people regulate emotions and growth in positive reappraisal coping in the general population (Garland et al., 2009).”
BackgroundWoods‐Giscombé, C. L., & Black, A. R. (2010) · Complementary health practice review · doi:10.1177/1533210110386776 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Cash, E., Salmon, P., Weissbecker, I., Rebholz, W. N., Bayley-Veloso, R., Zimmaro, L. A., Floyd, A., Dedert, E., & Sephton, S. E. (2015) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-014-9665-0 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
“Lazarus, RS.; Folkman, S. Stress, Appraisal, and Coping.”
BackgroundGoldin, P., Ziv, M., Jazaieri, H., & Gross, J. J. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00295 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
“Recent models suggest that enhanced MBSR-related psychological flexibility, for example, mindful coping with perceived stressors, involves the process of disengaging and withdrawing from automatic negative appraisals into a transitory metacognitive state that attenuates semantic evaluations and enhances positive cogni…”
BackgroundNiemiec, R. M., Shogren, K., & Wehmeyer, M. (2017) · Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1177/215416471705200103 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
“Each of the 24 character strengths can serve as tools for reframing or what some scientists refer to as positive reappraisal (Garland, Gaylord, & Park, 2009).”
Garland, E. L., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2019) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.01.004 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Self-citationPhang, C. K., Mukhtar, F., Ibrahim, N., Keng, S., & Sidik, S. M. (2015) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-015-9591-3 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
“This is consistent with one of the proposed mechanism of actions of mindfulness for stress reduction, whereby mindfulness is a meta-cognitive form of awareness, involves the process of ‘decentering,’ a shifting of cognitive sets that enables alternate appraisals of life events (Garland et al. 2009).”
ResultNiemiec, R. M. (2019) · Applied Research in Quality of Life · doi:10.1007/s11482-018-9692-2 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
“The functions correlate with one another, for example mindfulness and reappraisal are closely connected (Garland et al. 2009).”
BackgroundOne-Session Mindfulness Meditation: A Randomized Controlled Study of Effects on Cognition and Mood
Johnson, S. K., Gur, R. M., David, Z., & Currier, E. (2013) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0234-6 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
“Decentering, which can be understood as disengaging from negative appraisals, is likely instrumental in the beneficial aspects of MM practice (Garland et al. 2009; Garland et al. 2011).”
BackgroundHerman, K. C., Reinke, W. M., & Eddy, C. L. (2020) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2020.01.001 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Kaunhoven, R. J., & Dorjee, D. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.007 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
An update on mindfulness meditation as a self-help treatment for anxiety and depression
Edenfield, T. M., & Saeed, S. A. (2012) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s34937 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Mindfulness and craving: effects and mechanisms
Tapper, K. (2018) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.11.003 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
A cognitive perspective on mindfulness
Holas, P., & Jankowski, T. (2012) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00207594.2012.658056 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
“It has been suggested that decentering is a mechanism which allows for positive reappraisal and, because of this, mindfulness is an intrinsic component of meaning-based coping with stressors (Garland, Gaylord, & Park, 2009 ).”
BackgroundReappraisal and mindfulness: A comparison of subjective effects and cognitive costs
Keng, S.-L., Robins, C. J., Smoski, M. J., Dagenbach, J., & Leary, M. R. (2013) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2013.10.006 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
“Higher trait mindfulness predicted greater decreases in sadness across conditions, consistent with a theoretical model in which mindfulness supports the ability to decenter from existing emotions or interpretations of an event, which may in turn facilitate more effective ER (Garland et al., 2009).”
BackgroundResultResilience in adults with cancer: development of a conceptual model
Deshields, T. L., Heiland, M. F., Kracen, A. C., & Dua, P. (2015) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.3800 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
“Other useful modes of coping include participating in physical exercise [41], increasing health-related behaviors [42], engaging in altruistic activities [43], using mindfulness techniques [44], and incorporating stress management strategies [45,46].”
BackgroundLin, H., Gürsoy, D., & Meng, Z. (2019) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102376 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Mindfulness, coping self-efficacy and foreign language anxiety: a mediation analysis
Fallah, N. (2017) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2016.1149549 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
“Overall, the findings showed that EFL learners’ mindfulness was significantly associated with both CSE and FLA. CSE also could predict FLA.”
BackgroundInfluentialThomas, J. T., & Otis, M. D. (2010) · Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research · doi:10.5243/jsswr.2010.7 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
“…of reality that demand a response, but as transient mental events that can be appraised from a de-centered, distanced perspective, which allows for more reflective, intentional action and less impulsive, automatic reactivity (Chiesa & Serretti, 2009; Garland et al., 2009; Segal et al., 2002).”
BackgroundKaur, T. (2020) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102135 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
van Vugt, M. K., Hitchcock, P., Shahar, B., & Britton, W. B. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00257 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
“, 2009; Heeren and Philippot, 2011) and negative biases in attention (Garland et al., 2009; Vago and Nakamura, 2011) and memory (Alberts and Thewissen, 2011), as well as increased efficiency of positive information processing (Roberts-Wolfe et al.”
BackgroundNeuroplasticity, Psychosocial Genomics, and the Biopsychosocial Paradigm in the 21st Century
Garland, E. L., & Howard, M. O. (2009) · Health & Social Work · doi:10.1093/hsw/34.3.191 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationBritton, W. B., Davis, J. H., Loucks, E. B., Peterson, B., Cullen, B. H., Reuter, L., Rando, A., Rahrig, H., Lipsky, J., & Lindahl, J. R. (2018) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.09.010 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
The effects of three mindfulness skills on chocolate cravings
Lacaille, J., Ly, J., Zacchia, N., Bourkas, S., Glaser, E., & Knaüper, B. (2014) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.072 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Montani, F., Dagenais‐Desmarais, V., Giorgi, G., & Grégoire, S. (2016) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-016-9480-7 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
“In this regard, researchers have suggested several theoretical accounts of how mindfulness may exert its benefits to the individual’s functioning (Dane 2011; Garland et al. 2009; Glomb et al. 2011; Good et al. 2016; Shapiro et al. 2006).”
Kay, A. A., & Skarlicki, D. P. (2020) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.02.005 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Chan, K. K. S., & Lam, C. B. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0675-9 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
“disengage themselves from stigma-related stressors and, in turn, engender a broadened state of awareness that encompasses both the positive and negative aspects of caregiving (Garland et al. 2009).”
BackgroundInfluentialTroy, A. S., Shallcross, A. J., Davis, T. S., & Mauss, I. B. (2012) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-012-0114-5 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for bipolar disorder: A systematic review
Lovas, D. A., & Schuman‐Olivier, Z. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.06.017 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Liu, Q., Yang, X., Hu, Y., Zhang, C., & Nie, Y. (2020) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104827 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Mindfulness and acceptance are associated with exercise maintenance in YMCA exercisers
Ulmer, C. S., Stetson, B. A., & Salmon, P. G. (2010) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.04.009 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Park, H. J., & Kaur, T. (2016) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.09.061 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Garland, E. L., Boettiger, C. A., & Howard, M. O. (2011) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.02.014 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, M. J., Black, D. S., & Garland, E. L. (2016) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.10.027 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationBeing mindful at work and at home: Buffering effects in the stressor–detachment model
Haun, V. C., Nübold, A., & Bauer, A. G. (2018) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.12200 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
“In the ‘mindful coping model’ (Garland et al., 2009) as well as in ‘mindfulness-to-meaning theory’ (Garland et al., 2015), Garland et al. suggest that mindfulness allows individuals to cognitively decentre from a stressful experience and enter a state of conscious reflection in which automatic…”
MethodThe Effectiveness of Daily Mindful Breathing Practices on Test Anxiety of Students
Cho, H., Ryu, S., Noh, J., & Lee, J. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0164822 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Roberts-Wolfe, D., Sacchet, M., Hastings, E., Roth, H., & Britton, W. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00015 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
“For example, mindfulness may allow one to clear the contents of working memory in preparation for positively reappraising a distressing situation (Garland et al., 2009).”
BackgroundLong-term mental health effects of mindfulness training: A 4-year follow-up study
Solhaug, I., de Vibe, M., Friborg, O., Sørlie, T., Tyssen, R., Bjørndal, A., & Rosenvinge, J. H. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01100-2 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Garland, E. L., Thielking, P., Thomas, E. A., Coombs, M., White, S., Lombardi, J., & Beck, A. (2017) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.4065 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationRayan, A., & Ahmad, M. M. (2016) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2016.04.002 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Gamaiunova, L., Brandt, P.-Y., Bondolfi, G., & Kliegel, M. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.02.026 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“and positive reappraisal (Garland et al., 2011; Garland et al., 2009) and negatively related to catastrophizing (Cassidy et al.”
BackgroundPositive psychological interventions for neurological disorders: A systematic review
Lai, S.-T., Lim, K. S., Low, W. Y., & Tang, V. Y. H. (2018) · The Clinical Neuropsychologist · doi:10.1080/13854046.2018.1489562 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
“According to Garland et al. (2009), such appraisals could allow individuals to disengage from initial reflexive appraisals.”
BackgroundKeng, S., & Tong, E. M. W. (2016) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000165 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
How can mindfulness enhance moral reasoning? An examination using business school students
Pandey, A., Chandwani, R. K., & Navare, A. V. (2017) · Business Ethics A European Review · doi:10.1111/beer.12171 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Hanley, A. W., Palejwala, M. H., Hanley, R. T., Canto, A. I., & Garland, E. L. (2015) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.06.033 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationSedlmeier, P., & Srinivas, K. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00343 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
“Postulated mechanisms include “metacognitive awareness” (Teasdale et al., 2002; Vago and Silbersweig, 2012), “positive reappraisal” (Garland et al., 2009), changes in intention, attention, and attitude (Shapiro et al., 2006; Lutz et al., 2008), or a combination of processes such as attention…”
BackgroundSalmon, P. M., Hanneman, S., & Harwood, B. (2010) · The Sport Psychologist · doi:10.1123/tsp.24.2.127 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“The effect may be to foster more accurate appraisal processes (Garland, Gaylord, and Park, 2009) and either directly or indirectly reduce unwarranted physiological activation.”
BackgroundZarotti, N., Povah, C., & Simpson, J. (2019) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.109795 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Effects of extreme weather events on child mood and behavior
Barkin, J. L., Buoli, M., Curry, C. L., von Esenwein, S. A., Upadhyay, S., Kearney, M., & Mach, K. J. (2021) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/dmcn.14856 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
The Turkish Version of Mindful Attention Awareness Scale: Preliminary Findings
Catak, P. D. (2011) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-011-0072-3 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“The results of a recent study have yielded that increases in mindfulness was associated with appraisal change (Garland et al. 2009).”
BackgroundResultZhang, Y., Fu, R., Sun, L., Gong, Y., & Tang, D. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01888 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
The Cambridge Handbook of Substance and Behavioral Addictions
Sussman, S. Y. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Thoroughgood, C. N., Sawyer, K. B., & Webster, J. R. (2019) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2019.02.004 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Correlates and Predictors of Resilience among Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Mathad, M. D. (2017) · JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH · doi:10.7860/jcdr/2017/24442.9352 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based stress reduction
Giluk, T. L. (2010) · doi:10.17077/etd.4ax4yjs5 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Exploring stress, coping, and health outcomes among social workers
Beer, O. W. J., Phillips, R., & Quinn, C. R. (2021) · European Journal of Social Work · doi:10.1080/13691457.2020.1751591 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“psychological, physiological disorders) (Garland et al., 2009; Beer et al., 2020).”
BackgroundGarland, E. L., Roberts-Lewis, A., Kelley, K., Tronnier, C., & Hanley, A. (2014) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.850309 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“The observed association between trait mindfulness and reappraisal is predicted by prior theory (Garland et al., 2009) and has been found in previous observational studies (Garland et al.”
ResultSelf-citationRayan, A., & Ahmad, M. M. (2016) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2016.07.017 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The Decoding of the Human Spirit: A Synergy of Spirituality and Character Strengths Toward Wholeness
Niemiec, R. M., Russo‐Netzer, P., & Pargäment, K. I. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02040 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Liang, H., Shi, X., Yang, D.-S., & Liu, K.-N. (2022) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105534 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Oni, O. A., Harville, E. W., Xiong, X., & Buekens, P. M. (2015) · Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing · doi:10.1111/1552-6909.12560 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Lewallen, A. C., & Neece, C. L. (2015) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-015-0116-8 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
The Impact of Mindfulness on Supportive Communication Skills: Three Exploratory Studies
Jones, S. M., & Hansen, W. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-014-0362-7 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Using Mindfulness for the Treatment of Insomnia
Ong, J. C., & Smith, C. E. (2017) · Current Sleep Medicine Reports · doi:10.1007/s40675-017-0068-1 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Cox, C. E., Porter, L. S., Buck, P. J., Hoffa, M., Jones, D., Walton, B., Hough, C. L., & Greeson, J. M. (2014) · Annals of the American Thoracic Society · doi:10.1513/annalsats.201308-283oc · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Tsujimoto, M., Saito, T., Matsuzaki, Y., & Kawashima, R. (2024) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-024-00714-1 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“Mindfulness improves reappraisal abilities and contributes to a high level of well-being (Garland et al., 2009, 2011, 2015 ).”
Comparing the Effects of Three Online Cognitive Reappraisal Trainings on Well-Being
Ranney, R. M., Bruehlman-Senecal, E., & Ayduk, Ö. N. (2016) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-016-9779-0 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Individual differences in the effects of a positive psychology intervention: Applied psychology
Antoine, P., Dauvier, B., Andreotti, E., & Congard, A. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.10.024 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
- Authors
- Garland, E., Gaylord, S., & Park, J.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Garland, Eric
- Venue
- EXPLORE
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-44
- ISSN
- 1550-8307 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2719560
- OpenAlex
- W2073980075
- Cited by
- 595
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 78 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 1.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- EXPLORE (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- Triangle Community Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (AT003378)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (T32AT003378)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Keywords
- mindfulness meditation, positive reappraisal, meaning-based coping, decentering, metacognition, causal models, stress adaptation, mindfulness-based interventions, integrative medicine
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Internal-External Control, Models, Psychological, Psychotherapy, Group, Quality of Life, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Meditation, Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical
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