How does brain insulin resistance develop in Alzheimer's disease?
Abstract
Compelling preclinical and clinical evidence supports a pathophysiological connection between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and diabetes. Altered metabolism, inflammation, and insulin resistance are key pathological features of both diseases. For many years, it was generally considered that the brain was insensitive to insulin, but it is now accepted that this hormone has central neuromodulatory functions, including roles in learning and memory, that are impaired in AD. However, until recently, the molecular mechanisms accounting for brain insulin resistance in AD have remained elusive. Here, we review recent evidence that sheds light on how brain insulin dysfunction is initiated at a molecular level and why abnormal insulin signaling culminates in synaptic failure and memory decline. We also discuss the cellular basis underlying the beneficial effects of stimulation of brain insulin signaling on cognition. Discoveries summarized here provide pathophysiological background for identification of novel molecular targets and for development of alternative therapeutic approaches in AD.
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There is at some point a switch that triggers irreversible changes that lead toward amyloid beta toxicity and dementia.
“Yet, there is at some point, a “switch” that triggers irreversible changes that lead toward amyloid beta (Abeta) toxicity and dementia.”
From Neurobiological and Systemic Effects of Chronic Stress (2017) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- De Felice, F. G., Lourenco, M. V., & Ferreira, S. T.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
- Venue
- Alzheimer's & Dementia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1S
- Pages
- S26-32
- ISSN
- 1552-5260 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5279
- OpenAlex
- W2061313710
- Cited by
- 337
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 10
- FWCI
- 3.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Alzheimer s & Dementia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, brain insulin resistance
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Brain, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Diseases
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