Cited by 279Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes: a critical assessment of the shared pathological traits

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Chatterjee, Shreyasi, Mudher, Amritpal·2018·Frontiers in Neuroscience

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are two of the most prevalent diseases in the elderly population worldwide. A growing body of epidemiological studies suggest that people with T2DM are at a higher risk of developing AD. Likewise, AD brains are less capable of glucose uptake from the surroundings resembling a condition of brain insulin resistance. Pathologically AD is characterized by extracellular plaques of Aβ and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau. T2DM, on the other hand is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. In this review we have discussed how Insulin resistance in T2DM directly exacerbates Aβ and tau pathologies and elucidated the pathophysiological traits of synaptic dysfunction, inflammation, and autophagic impairments that are common to both diseases and indirectly impact Aβ and tau functions in the neurons. Elucidation of the underlying pathways that connect these two diseases will be immensely valuable for designing novel drug targets for Alzheimer's disease.

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Crossref · 10.3389/fnins.2018.00383

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  • Reduced insulin/PI3K signaling contributes to widespread proteomic synaptic and metabolic compromise in CA1/CA2, even when transcriptional changes in PI3K components are modest.

    “Although CA1 and CA2 did not show the largest changes in PIK3CA transcriptionally, each exhibited pronounced proteomic evidence of downstream pathway remodeling, suggesting that reduced insulin/PI3K signaling contributes to widespread proteomic synaptic and metabolic compromise in CA1/CA2, 42 , 66 , 67 even when transcriptional changes in PI3K components are modest.”

    From Disruption of hippocampal upstream regulators of mTOR and insulin pathways in Down syndrome with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology: Preliminary observations (2026) · cites this paper as [66]

    The “Insulin signaling in the brain” section (page unavailable) says PI3K/AKT signaling regulates synaptic plasticity and cortical glucose metabolism, supporting the proposed general mechanism. The copy does not report CA1/CA2 proteomic remodeling or compare it with PIK3CA or other PI3K-component transcriptional changes, so it does not establish the region-specific claim. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Authors
Chatterjee, S., & Mudher, A.
Affiliations
University of Southampton (GB)
Corresponding author
Chatterjee, Shreyasi
Venue
Frontiers in Neuroscience
Published
2018-06-08
Volume
12
Pages
383-383
ISSN
1662-453X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2804519474
Cited by
270
References
255
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 1
FWCI
2.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) (acceptedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
Funders
University of Southampton
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, amyloid-beta, tau hyperphosphorylation, synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, autophagy dysfunction, shared pathophysiology, therapeutic target

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