Toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation

Pathogen Recognition and Innate Immunity

Akira, S., Uematsu, S., & Takeuchi, O. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.02.015 · Cited by 12,401

The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors

Kawai, T., & Akira, S. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1863 · Cited by 9,304

Pattern Recognition Receptors and Inflammation

Takeuchi, O., & Akira, S. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.022 · Cited by 8,895

α-Synuclein in Lewy bodies

Spillantini, M. G., Schmidt, M. L., Lee, V. M.-Y., Trojanowski, J. Q., Jakes, R., & Goedert, M. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/42166 · Cited by 8,382

Toll-like receptor signalling

Akira, S., & Takeda, K. (2004) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1391 · Cited by 8,312

A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity

Medzhitov, R., Preston-Hurlburt, P., & Janeway, C. A. J. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/41131 · Cited by 6,137

Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-κB by Toll-like receptor 3

Alexopoulou, L., Holt, A. C., Medzhitov, R., & Flavell, R. A. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35099560 · Cited by 6,129

Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in vivo

Nimmerjahn, A., Kirchhoff, F., & Helmchen, F. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1110647 · Cited by 5,827

Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS

Kreutzberg, G. W. (1996) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(96)10049-7 · Cited by 4,396

Microglia: Active sensor and versatile effector cells in the normal and pathologic brain

Hanisch, U.-K., & Kettenmann, H. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1997 · Cited by 3,676

Toll-like receptors and their crosstalk with other innate receptors in infection and immunity

Kawai, T., & Akira, S. (2011) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.05.006 · Cited by 3,658

Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathways

Kawasaki, T., & Kawai, T. (2014) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00461 · Cited by 3,245

Pathways towards and Away from Alzheimer’s Disease

Mattson, M. P. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02621 · Cited by 3,052

IKKε and TBK1 are essential components of the IRF3 signaling pathway

Fitzgerald, K. A., McWhirter, S. M., Faia, K. L., Rowe, D. C., Latz, E., Golenbock, D. T., Coyle, A. J., Liao, S.-M., & Maniatis, T. (2003) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni921 · Cited by 2,680

The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling

O'Neill, L. A. J., & Bowie, A. G. (2007) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2079 · Cited by 2,667

Molecular dissection of reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation

Sofroniew, M. V. (2009) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2009.08.002 · Cited by 2,594

The structural basis of lipopolysaccharide recognition by the TLR4–MD-2 complex

Park, B. S., Song, D. H., Kim, H. M., Choi, B., Lee, H., & Lee, J. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07830 · Cited by 2,513

Development, maintenance and disruption of the blood-brain barrier

Obermeier, B., Daneman, R., & Ransohoff, R. M. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3407 · Cited by 2,452

TAK1 is a ubiquitin-dependent kinase of MKK and IKK

Wang, C., Deng, L., Hong, M., Akkaraju, G. R., Inoue, J.-I., & Chen, Z. J. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35085597 · Cited by 2,125

Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease: A target for neuroprotection?

Hirsch, E. C., & Hunot, S. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70062-6 · Cited by 1,984

Mitogen-activated protein kinases in innate immunity

Arthur, J. S. C., & Ley, S. C. (2013) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3495 · Cited by 1,898

Activation of the IκB Kinase Complex by TRAF6 Requires a Dimeric Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme Complex and a Unique Polyubiquitin Chain

Deng, L., Wang, C., Spencer, E., Yang, L., Braun, A., You, J., Slaughter, C., Pickart, C., & Chen, Z. J. (2000) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)00126-4 · Cited by 1,872

Immunity to fungal infections

Romani, L. (2011) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2939 · Cited by 1,793

Triggering the Interferon Antiviral Response Through an IKK-Related Pathway

Sharma, S., tenOever, B. R., Grandvaux, N., Zhou, G., Lin, R., & Hiscott, J. B. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1081315 · Cited by 1,685

Resting Microglia Directly Monitor the Functional State of Synapses In Vivo and Determine the Fate of Ischemic Terminals

Wake, H., Moorhouse, A. J., Jinno, S., Kohsaka, S., & Nabekura, J. (2009) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4363-08.2009 · Cited by 1,619

Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases

Amor, S., Puentes, F., Baker, D., & Van Der Valk, P. (2010) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03225.x · Cited by 1,355

Astrocytes are active players in cerebral innate immunity

Farina, C., Aloisi, F., & Meinl, E. (2007) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2007.01.005 · Cited by 1,304

Astrocyte glutamate transport: Review of properties, regulation, and physiological functions

Anderson, C. M., & Swanson, R. A. (2000) · Glia · doi:10.1002/1098-1136(200010)32:1 · Cited by 1,241

Microglia initiate central nervous system innate and adaptive immune responses through multiple TLRs

Olson, J. K., & Miller, S. D. (2004) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.173.6.3916 · Cited by 1,215

Microglia: new roles for the synaptic stripper

Kettenmann, H., Kirchhoff, F., & Verkhratsky, A. (2013) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.12.023 · Cited by 1,173

Toll-like receptor 3 mediates West Nile virus entry into the brain causing lethal encephalitis

Wang, T., Town, T., Alexopoulou, L., Anderson, J. F., Fikrig, E., & Flavell, R. A. (2004) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1140 · Cited by 1,142

Helical Assembly in the MyD88-IRAK4-IRAK2 Complex in TLR/IL-1R Signalling

Lin, S.-C., Lo, Y.-C., & Wu, H. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09121 · Cited by 1,111

The Toll gene of drosophila, required for dorsal-ventral embryonic polarity, appears to encode a transmembrane protein

Hashimoto, C., Hudson, K., & Anderson, K. V. (1988) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90516-8 · Cited by 1,097

Inflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: therapeutic approaches

Lakhan, S. E., Kirchgessner, A. L., & Hofer, M. (2009) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/1479-5876-7-97 · Cited by 1,097

Common Developmental Requirement for Olig Function Indicates a Motor Neuron/Oligodendrocyte Connection

Lu, Q. R., Sun, T., Zhu, Z., Ma, N., Garcia, M., Stiles, C. D., & Rowitch, D. H. (2002) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(02)00678-5 · Cited by 1,087

Integral role of IRF-5 in the gene induction programme activated by Toll-like receptors

Takaoka, A., Yanai, H., Kondo, S., Duncan, G. S., Negishi, H., Mizutani, T., Kano, S., Honda, K., Ohba, Y., Mak, T. W., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03308 · Cited by 1,066

Microglial signatures and their role in health and disease

Butovsky, O., & Weiner, H. L. (2018) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0057-5 · Cited by 1,046

Innate immunity in the central nervous system

Ransohoff, R. M., & Brown, M. A. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci58644 · Cited by 1,034

Cytotoxicity of microglia

Banati, R. B., Gehrmann, J., Schubert, P., & Kreutzberg, G. W. (1993) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.440070117 · Cited by 1,032

Broad Expression of Toll-Like Receptors in the Human Central Nervous System

Bsibsi, M., Ravid, R., Gveric, D. O., & van Noort, J. M. (2002) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1093/jnen/61.11.1013 · Cited by 1,000

Description of Parkinson's Disease as a Clinical Syndrome

Fahn, S. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07458.x · Cited by 979

Essential function for the kinase TAK1 in innate and adaptive immune responses

Sato, S., Sanjo, H., Takeda, K., Ninomiya‐Tsuji, J., Yamamoto, M., Kawai, T., Matsumoto, K., Takeuchi, O., & Akira, S. (2005) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1255 · Cited by 974

Inflammation in CNS neurodegenerative diseases

Stephenson, J., Nutma, E., van der Valk, P., & Amor, S. (2018) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.12922 · Cited by 966

Specificity in Toll-like receptor signalling through distinct effector functions of TRAF3 and TRAF6

Häcker, H., Redecke, V., Blagoev, B., Kratchmarova, I., Hsu, L.-C., Wang, G. G., Kamps, M. P., Raz, E., Wagner, H., Häcker, G. A., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04369 · Cited by 962

Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases (Review)

Chen, W., Zhang, X., & Huang, W. (2016) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.4948 · Cited by 961

Astrocytes: Key Regulators of Neuroinflammation

Colombo, E., & Farina, C. (2016) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2016.06.006 · Cited by 936

Oligodendrocytes: biology and pathology

Bradl, M., & Lassmann, H. (2010) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-009-0601-5 · Cited by 933

Microglia derive from progenitors, originating from the yolk sac, and which proliferate in the brain

Alliot, F., Godin, I., & Pessac, B. (1999) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-3806(99)00113-3 · Cited by 884

Critical role of TRAF3 in the Toll-like receptor-dependent and -independent antiviral response

Oganesyan, G., Saha, S. K., Guo, B., He, J. Q., Shahangian, A., Zarnegar, B. J., Perry, A. K., & Cheng, G. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04374 · Cited by 881

RIP1 is an essential mediator of Toll-like receptor 3–induced NF-κB activation

Meylan, E., Burns, K., Hofmann, K., Blancheteau, V., Martinon, F., Kelliher, M. A., & Tschopp, J. (2004) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1061 · Cited by 877

Identification of a key pathway required for the sterile inflammatory response triggered by dying cells

Chen, C.-J., Kono, H., Golenbock, D., Reed, G., Akira, S., & Rock, K. L. (2007) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1603 · Cited by 876

Role of Oxidative Stress in Parkinson's Disease

Hwang, O. (2013) · Experimental Neurobiology · doi:10.5607/en.2013.22.1.11 · Cited by 861

A Comparative Review of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression and Functionality in Different Animal Species

Vaure, C., & Liu, Y. (2014) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00316 · Cited by 842

Microglia: Scapegoat, saboteur, or something else?

Aguzzi, A., Barres, B. A., & Bennett, M. L. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1227901 · Cited by 836

Neuronal ‘On’ and ‘Off’ signals control microglia

Biber, K., Neumann, H., Inoue, K., & Boddeke, H. W. G. M. (2007) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2007.08.007 · Cited by 787

TLR signaling tailors innate immune responses in human microglia and astrocytes

Jack, C. S., Arbour, N., Manusow, J., Montgrain, V., Blain, M., McCrea, E., Shapiro, A., & Antel, J. P. (2005) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.175.7.4320 · Cited by 734

The role of inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease

Tuppo, E. E., & Arias, H. R. (2005) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.07.009 · Cited by 734

IRAK-4: A novel member of the IRAK family with the properties of an IRAK-kinase

Li, S., Strelow, A., Fontana, E. J., & Wesche, H. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.082100399 · Cited by 714

CD14 is required for MyD88-independent LPS signaling

Jiang, Z., Georgel, P., Du, X., Shamel, L., Sovath, S., Mudd, S., Huber, M., Kalis, C., Keck, S., Galanos, C., et al. (2005) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1207 · Cited by 683

Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease

Hirsch, E. C., Vyas, S., & Hunot, S. (2012) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70065-7 · Cited by 657

Post-Translational Modification Control of Innate Immunity

Liu, J., Qian, C., & Cao, X. (2016) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.06.020 · Cited by 641

Hyaluronan accumulates in demyelinated lesions and inhibits oligodendrocyte progenitor maturation

Back, S. A., Tuohy, T. M. F., Chen, H., Wallingford, N., Craig, A., Struve, J., Luo, N. L., Banine, F., Liu, Y., Chang, A., et al. (2005) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1279 · Cited by 612

CD14 and Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 Are Required for Fibrillar Aβ-Stimulated Microglial Activation

Reed-Geaghan, E. G., Savage, J. C., Hise, A. G., & Landreth, G. E. (2009) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3158-09.2009 · Cited by 591

The Roles of Two IκB Kinase-related Kinases in Lipopolysaccharide and Double Stranded RNA Signaling and Viral Infection

Hemmi, H., Takeuchi, O., Sato, S., Yamamoto, M., Kaisho, T., Sanjo, H., Kawai, T., Hoshino, K., Takeda, K., & Akira, S. (2004) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20040520 · Cited by 576

Endogenous toll‐like receptor ligands and their biological significance

Yu, L., Wang, L., & Chen, S. (2010) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01127.x · Cited by 555

Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases—An update

Amor, S., Peferoen, L. A. N., Vogel, D. Y. S., Breur, M., van der Valk, P., Baker, D., & van Noort, J. M. (2014) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.12233 · Cited by 550

Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and transforming growth factor-α levels are elevated in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid in juvenile parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease

Mogi, M., Harada, M., Narabayashi, H., Inagaki, H., Minami, M., & Nagatsu, T. (1996) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(96)12706-3 · Cited by 545

Role of the Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Walter, S., Letiembre, M., Liu, Y., Heine, H., Penke, B., Hao, W., Bode, B., Manietta, N., Walter, J., Schulz-Schüffer, W., et al. (2007) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000110455 · Cited by 543

IFN-regulatory factor 3-dependent gene expression is defective in Tbk1 -deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts

McWhirter, S. M., Fitzgerald, K. A., Rosains, J., Rowe, D. C., Golenbock, D. T., & Maniatis, T. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2237236100 · Cited by 542

Oxidative stress and cellular pathologies in Parkinson’s disease

Puspita, L., Chung, S. Y., & Shim, J. (2017) · Molecular Brain · doi:10.1186/s13041-017-0340-9 · Cited by 507

A Cell Surface Receptor Complex for Fibrillar β-Amyloid Mediates Microglial Activation

Bamberger, M. E., Harris, M. E., McDonald, D. R., Husemann, J., & Landreth, G. E. (2003) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-07-02665.2003 · Cited by 501

Association between pathological and MRI findings in multiple sclerosis

Filippi, M., Rocca, M. A., Barkhof, F., Brück, W., Chen, J. T., Comı, G., DeLuca, G. C., Stefano, N. D., Erickson, B. J., Evangelou, N., et al. (2012) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(12)70003-0 · Cited by 499

Regulation of Toll/IL-1-receptor-mediated gene expression by the inducible nuclear protein IκBζ

Yamamoto, M., Yamazaki, S., Uematsu, S., Sato, S., Hemmi, H., Hoshino, K., Kaisho, T., Kuwata, H., Takeuchi, O., Takeshige, K., et al. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02738 · Cited by 498

Toll-like receptors in health and disease in the brain: mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Hanke, M. L., & Kielian, T. (2011) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20110164 · Cited by 498

Role of toll-like receptor signalling in A uptake and clearance

Tahara, K., Kim, H.-D., Jin, J.-J., Maxwell, J. A., Li, L., & Fukuchi, K.-I. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl249 · Cited by 493

Alzheimer's disease results from the cerebral accumulation and cytotoxicity of amyloid ß-protein

Selkoe, D. J. (2001) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2001-3111 · Cited by 466

Alzheimer’s Disease

de Paula, V. D. J. R., Radanovic, M., Diniz, B. S., & Forlenza, O. V. (2012) · Sub-cellular biochemistry/Subcellular biochemistry · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5416-4_14 · Cited by 466

Microglial Phagocytosis of Fibrillar β-Amyloid through a β1Integrin-Dependent Mechanism

Koenigsknecht-Talboo, J., & Landreth, G. E. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2557-04.2004 · Cited by 457

Antiviral Signaling Through Pattern Recognition Receptors

Kawai, T., & Akira, S. (2006) · The Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1093/jb/mvm032 · Cited by 452

The contribution of neuroinflammation to amyloid toxicity in Alzheimer's disease

Minter, M. R., Taylor, J. M., & Crack, P. J. (2016) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.13411 · Cited by 451

Toll-like receptors in neurodegeneration

Okun, E., Griffioen, K. J. S., Lathia, J. D., Tang, S., Mattson, M. P., & Arumugam, T. V. (2008) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.09.001 · Cited by 444

TLR2 Is a Primary Receptor for Alzheimer’s Amyloid β Peptide To Trigger Neuroinflammatory Activation

Liu, S., Liu, Y., Hao, W., Wolf, L., Kiliaan, A. J., Penke, B., Rübe, C. E., Walter, J., Heneka, M. T., Hartmann, T., et al. (2012) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1101121 · Cited by 439

Linking Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease

Gelders, G., Baekelandt, V., & Van der Perren, A. (2018) · Journal of Immunology Research · doi:10.1155/2018/4784268 · Cited by 430

Evolution of host innate defence: insights from Caenorhabditis elegans and primitive invertebrates

Irazoqui, J. E., Urbach, J. M., & Ausubel, F. M. (2009) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2689 · Cited by 427

An Oligomeric Signaling Platform Formed by the Toll-like Receptor Signal Transducers MyD88 and IRAK-4

Motshwene, P. G., Moncrieffe, M. C., Grossmann, J. G., Kao, C. C., Murali, A., Sandercock, A. M., Robinson, C. V., Latz, E., & Gay, N. J. (2009) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m109.022392 · Cited by 403

Differential Requirement for TANK-binding Kinase-1 in Type I Interferon Responses to Toll-like Receptor Activation and Viral Infection

Perry, A. K., Chow, E. K., Goodnough, J. B., Yeh, W., & Cheng, G. (2004) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20040528 · Cited by 396

Toll-Like Receptor 4 on Nonhematopoietic Cells Sustains CNS Inflammation during Endotoxemia, Independent of Systemic Cytokines

Chakravarty, S., & Herkenham, M. (2005) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4268-04.2005 · Cited by 396

Induction of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Expression in Astrocytes by Nitric Oxide

Brahmachari, S., Fung, Y. K., & Pahan, K. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5480-05.2006 · Cited by 390

Innate immunity mediated by TLR9 modulates pathogenicity in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

Prinz, M. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci26078 · Cited by 378

Targeting of TAK1 in inflammatory disorders and cancer

Sakurai, H. (2012) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2012.06.007 · Cited by 377

Hyaluronan blocks oligodendrocyte progenitor maturation and remyelination through TLR2

Sloane, J. A., Batt, C. E., Ma, Y. C., Harris, Z. M., Trapp, B. D., & Vartanian, T. K. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1006496107 · Cited by 371

Virus Infection Switches TLR-3-Positive Human Neurons To Become Strong Producers of Beta Interferon

Prehaud, C. J. N., Mégret, F., Lafage, M., & Lafon, M. (2005) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.79.20.12893-12904.2005 · Cited by 369

Toll-Like Receptor 3 Has a Protective Role against West Nile Virus Infection

Daffis, S., Samuel, M. A., Suthar, M. S., Gale, M., & Diamond, M. (2008) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00935-08 · Cited by 359

The role of ubiquitylation in immune defence and pathogen evasion

Jiang, X., & Chen, Z. J. (2011) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3111 · Cited by 352

LPS receptor (CD14): a receptor for phagocytosis of Alzheimer's amyloid peptide

Liu, Y., Walter, S., Stagi, M., Cherny, D., Letièmbre, M., Schulz‐Schaeffer, W., Heine, H., Penke, B., Neumann, H., & Fassbender, K. C. (2005) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh531 · Cited by 349

Fibrillar Amyloid-β Peptides Activate Microglia via TLR2: Implications for Alzheimer’s Disease

Jana, M., Palencia, C. A., & Pahan, K. (2008) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.181.10.7254 · Cited by 338

Involvement of Toll-like receptor 5 in the recognition of flagellated bacteria

Feuillet, V., Medjane, S., Mondor, I., Demaria, O., Pagni, P. P., Galán, J. E., Flavell, R. A., & Alexopoulou, L. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0605200103 · Cited by 337

Induction of Interleukin‐1β mRNA in Rat Brain After Transient Forebrain Ischemia

Minami, M., Kuraishi, Y., Yabuuchi, K., Yamazaki, A., & Satoh, M. (1992) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09324.x · Cited by 332

Role of cytokines in inflammatory process in Parkinson’s disease

Sawada, M., Imamura, K., & Nagatsu, T. (2006) · Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders · doi:10.1007/978-3-211-45295-0_57 · Cited by 331

Early innate immune responses to bacterial LPS

Rosadini, C. V., & Kagan, J. C. (2016) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2016.10.005 · Cited by 327

SMOCs: supramolecular organizing centres that control innate immunity

Kagan, J. C., Magupalli, V. G., & Wu, H. (2014) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3757 · Cited by 310

The identity and function of microglia in neurodegeneration

Song, W. M., & Colonna, M. (2018) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0212-1 · Cited by 308

Genomic analysis of immunity in a Urochordate and the emergence of the vertebrate immune system: “waiting for Godot”

Azumi, K., Santis, R. D., Tomaso, A. W. D., Rigoutsos, I., Yoshizaki, F., Pinto, M. R., Marino, R., Shida, K., Ikeda, M., Ikeda, M., et al. (2003) · Immunogenetics · doi:10.1007/s00251-003-0606-5 · Cited by 305

Toll-Like Receptor 2 Acts as a Natural Innate Immune Receptor to Clear Amyloid β1–42and Delay the Cognitive Decline in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

Richard, K. L., Filali, M., Préfontaine, P., & Rivest, S. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1146-08.2008 · Cited by 298

Toll‐like receptor (TLR)‐2 and TLR‐4 regulate inflammation, gliosis, and myelin sparing after spinal cord injury

Kigerl, K. A., Lai, W., Rivest, S., Hart, R. P., Satoskar, A. R., & Popovich, P. G. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04524.x · Cited by 298

Progressive multiple sclerosis: prospects for disease therapy, repair, and restoration of function

Ontaneda, D., Thompson, A. J., Fox, R. J., & Cohen, J. A. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31320-4 · Cited by 298

TLR4 mutation reduces microglial activation, increases Aβ deposits and exacerbates cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Song, M., Jin, J., Lim, J.-E., Kou, J., Pattanayak, A., Rehman, J. A., Kim, H.-D., Tahara, K., Lalonde, R., & Fukuchi, K.-I. (2011) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-8-92 · Cited by 273

Toll-like receptor 2 is increased in neurons in Parkinson's disease brain and may contribute to alpha-synuclein pathology

Dzamko, N., Gysbers, A., Perera, G., Bahar, A., Shankar, A., Gao, J., Fu, Y., & Halliday, G. M. (2017) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-016-1648-8 · Cited by 273

T cell responses in the central nervous system

Korn, T., & Kallies, A. (2017) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri.2016.144 · Cited by 268

Neurons produce type I interferon during viral encephalitis

Delhaye, S., Paul, S., Blakqori, G., Minet, M., Weber, F., Staeheli, P., & Michiels, T. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0602460103 · Cited by 266

Nucleotide sequence and expression of a cDNA encoding MyD88, a novel myeloid differentiation primary response gene induced by IL6.

Lord, K. A., Hoffman‐Liebermann, B., & Liebermann, D. A. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 263

Peli1 facilitates TRIF-dependent Toll-like receptor signaling and proinflammatory cytokine production

Chang, M., Jin, W., & Sun, S. (2009) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1777 · Cited by 259

Preferential expression and function of Toll-like receptor 3 in human astrocytes

Farina, C., Krumbholz, M., Giese, T., Hartmann, G., Aloisi, F., & Meinl, E. (2004) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.09.009 · Cited by 256

Regionally-specific microglial activation in young mice over-expressing human wildtype alpha-synuclein

Watson, M. B., Richter, F., Lee, S., Gabby, L. C., Wu, J. E., Masliah, E., Effros, R. B., & Chesselet, M. (2012) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.06.025 · Cited by 254

Microglial phenotypes and toll-like receptor 2 in the substantia nigra and hippocampus of incidental Lewy body disease cases and Parkinson’s disease patients

Doorn, K. J., Moors, T., Drukarch, B., van de Berg, W. D., Lucassen, P. J., & van Dam, A.-M. (2014) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-014-0090-1 · Cited by 254

Hsp70 promotes TNF-mediated apoptosis by binding IKKγ and impairing NF-κB survival signalingPreprint

Ran, R., Lu, A., Zhang, L., Tang, Y., Zhu, H., Xu, H., Feng, Y., Han, C., Zhou, G., Rigby, A. C., et al. (2004) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1188204 · Cited by 251

Trigeminal Nociceptors Express TLR-4 and CD14: a Mechanism for Pain due to Infection

Wadachi, R., & Hargreaves, K. (2006) · Journal of Dental Research · doi:10.1177/154405910608500108 · Cited by 244

Toll-Like Receptor 3 Is a Potent Negative Regulator of Axonal Growth in Mammals

Cameron, J. S., Alexopoulou, L., Sloane, J. A., DiBernardo, A., Ma, Y., Kosaras, B., Flavell, R. A., Strittmatter, S. M., Volpe, J. J., Sidman, R. L., et al. (2007) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4290-06.2007 · Cited by 236

A Promiscuous Lipid-Binding Protein Diversifies the Subcellular Sites of Toll-like Receptor Signal Transduction

Bonham, K. S., Orzalli, M. H., Hayashi, K., Wolf, A. I., Glanemann, C., Weninger, W., Iwasaki, A., Knipe, D. M., & Kagan, J. C. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.01.019 · Cited by 232

Toll-like receptor-4 mediates neuronal apoptosis induced by amyloid β-peptide and the membrane lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal

Tang, S.-C., Lathia, J. D., Selvaraj, P. K., Jo, D.-G., Mughal, M. R., Cheng, A., Siler, D. A., Markesbery, W. R., Arumugam, T. V., & Mattson, M. P. (2008) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.05.014 · Cited by 232

Astrocytes: Integrative Regulators of Neuroinflammation in Stroke and Other Neurological Diseases

Cekanaviciute, E., & Buckwalter, M. S. (2016) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-016-0477-8 · Cited by 229

Screening of innate immune receptors in neurodegenerative diseases: A similar pattern

Letiembre, M., Liu, Y., Walter, S., Hao, W., Pfander, T., Wrede, A., Schulz-Schaeffer, W., & Fassbender, K. (2009) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.08.018 · Cited by 228

Inflammation, anti-inflammatory agents and Alzheimer disease: The last 12 years

McGeer, P. L., Rogers, J., & McGeer, E. G. (2006) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2006-9s330 · Cited by 222

Identification and functions of pattern-recognition receptors

Kumagai, Y., & Akira, S. (2010) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2010.01.058 · Cited by 218

Activation of Toll-like Receptor 2 on Microglia Promotes Cell Uptake of Alzheimer Disease-associated Amyloid β Peptide

Chen, K., Iribarren, P., Hu, J., Chen, J., Gong, W., Cho, E. H., Lockett, S., Dunlop, N. M., & Wang, J. M. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m508125200 · Cited by 214

Pivotal Advance: HMGB1 expression in active lesions of human and experimental multiple sclerosis

Andersson, Å., Covacu, R., Sunnemark, D., Danilov, A. I., Bianco, A. D., Khademi, M., Wallström, E., Lobell, A., Brundin, L., Lassmann, H., et al. (2008) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.1207844 · Cited by 211

Pathogen recognition and Toll-like receptor targeted therapeutics in innate immune cells

Tartey, S., & Takeuchi, O. (2017) · International Reviews of Immunology · doi:10.1080/08830185.2016.1261318 · Cited by 209

Multiple sclerosis and cognition: synaptic failure and network dysfunction

Di Filippo, M., Portaccio, E., Mancini, A., & Calabresi, P. (2018) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0053-9 · Cited by 205

H2o2 and 4-hydroxynonenal mediate amyloid β-induced neuronal apoptosis by activating jnks and p38mapk

Tamagno, E., Robino, G., Obbili, A., Bardini, P., Aragno, M., Parola, M., & Danni, O. (2003) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/s0014-4886(02)00059-6 · Cited by 201

A conserved Toll‐like receptor is required for Caenorhabditis elegans innate immunity

Tenor, J. L., & Aballay, A. (2007) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401104 · Cited by 188

Disruption in the Blood-Brain Barrier: The Missing Link between Brain and Body Inflammation in Bipolar Disorder?

Patel, J. P., & Frey, B. N. (2015) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2015/708306 · Cited by 186

Peli1 promotes microglia-mediated CNS inflammation by regulating Traf3 degradation

Xiao, Y., Jin, J., Chang, M., Chang, J.-H., Hu, H., Zhou, X., Brittain, G. C., Stansberg, C., Torkildsen, Ø., Wang, X., et al. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3111 · Cited by 184

Toll-Like Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease

Landreth, G. E., & Reed-Geaghan, E. G. (2009) · Current topics in microbiology and immunology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-00549-7_8 · Cited by 180

Cellular and molecular regulation of innate inflammatory responses

Liu, J., & Cao, X. (2016) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/cmi.2016.58 · Cited by 171

Yaa autoimmune phenotypes are conferred by overexpression of TLR7

Fairhurst, A., Hwang, S., Wang, A., Tian, X.-H., Boudreaux, C. J., Zhou, X. J., Casco, J., Li, Q., Connolly, J. E., & Wakeland, E. K. (2008) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.200838138 · Cited by 170

Interleukin-1 and acute brain injury

Murray, K. N., Parry‐Jones, A., & Allan, S. M. (2015) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00018 · Cited by 169

Expression of interleukin‐1 receptors and their role in interleukin‐1 actions in murine microglial cells

Pinteaux, E., Parker, L. C., Rothwell, N. J., & Luheshi, G. N. (2002) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01184.x · Cited by 168

Expression and distribution of Toll‐like receptors in the brain during murine neurocysticercosis

Mishra, B. B., Mishra, P. K., & Teale, J. M. (2006) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.07.019 · Cited by 165

Toll like receptor 4 mediates cell death in a mouse MPTP model of Parkinson disease

Noelker, C., Morel, L., Lescot, T., Osterloh, A., Alvarez-Fischer, D., Breloer, M., Henze, C., Depboylu, C., Skrzydelski, D., Michel, P. P., et al. (2013) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep01393 · Cited by 164

Effect of the functional toll-like receptor 4 Asp299Gly polymorphism on susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer's disease

Minoretti, P., Gazzaruso, C., Vito, C. D., Emanuele, E., Bianchi, M., Coen, E., Reino, M., & Geroldi, D. (2005) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2005.08.047 · Cited by 164

FoxA1 directs the lineage and immunosuppressive properties of a novel regulatory T cell population in EAE and MS

Liu, Y., Carlsson, R., Comabella, M., Wang, J., Kosicki, M., Carrión, B., Hasan, M., Wu, X., Montalbán, X., Dziegiel, M. H., et al. (2014) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3485 · Cited by 164

Initiation and Progression of Axonopathy in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Soulika, A. M., Lee, E., McCauley, E., Miers, L. A., Bannerman, P. G. C., & Pleasure, D. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3794-09.2009 · Cited by 161

TLR3‐mediated signal induces proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression in astrocytes: Differential signaling mechanisms of TLR3‐induced IP‐10 and IL‐8 gene expression

Park, C., Lee, S., Cho, I., Lee, H. K., Kim, D., Choi, S., Oh, S. B., Park, K., Kim, J. S., & Lee, S. J. (2005) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20278 · Cited by 159

Inflammatory glia mediate delayed neuronal damage after ischemia in the central nervous system.

Giulian, D., & Vaca, K. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 153

Toll-like receptor expression in the blood and brain of patients and a mouse model of Parkinson's disease

Drouin-Ouellet, J., St-Amour, I., Saint-Pierre, M., Lamontagne-Proulx, J., Kriz, J., Barker, R. A., & Cicchetti, F. (2015) · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyu103 · Cited by 153

Meningococcal Porin PorB Binds to TLR2 and Requires TLR1 for Signaling

Massari, P., Visintin, A., Gunawardana, J., Halmen, K. A., King, C. A., Golenbock, D. T., & Wetzler, L. M. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.176.4.2373 · Cited by 151

The Immune Adaptor Molecule SARM Modulates Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Production and Microglia Activation in the Brainstem and Restricts West Nile Virus Pathogenesis

Szretter, K. J., Samuel, M. A., Gilfillan, S., Fuchs, A. G., Colonna, M., & Diamond, M. S. (2009) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00836-09 · Cited by 150

Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury Induces Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1α Expression in Immature Rat Brain

Cowell, R. M., Xu, H., Galasso, J. M., & Silverstein, F. S. (2002) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/hs0302.103740 · Cited by 150

Regulation of Apoptotic and Inflammatory Cell Signaling in Cerebral Ischemia

Giffard, R. G., Han, R., Emery, J. F., Duan, M., & Pittet, J. (2008) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e31817f4ce0 · Cited by 146

Effects of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 on blood-borne cell recruitment after transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice

Schilling, M., Strecker, J., Schäbitz, W.-R., Ringelstein, E. B., & Kiefer, R. (2009) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.04.025 · Cited by 144

Neuroprotection in experimental stroke with targeted neurotrophins

Wu, D. (2004) · NeuroRx · doi:10.1602/neurorx.2.1.120 · Cited by 139

Bacterial peptidoglycan and immune reactivity in the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis

Schrijver, I. A. (2001) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/124.8.1544 · Cited by 139

Selective disruption of TLR2-MyD88 interaction inhibits inflammation and attenuates Alzheimer’s pathology

Rangasamy, S. B., Jana, M., Roy, A., Corbett, G. T., Kundu, M., Chandra, S., Mondal, S., Dasarathi, S., Mufson, E. J., Mishra, R. K., et al. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci96209 · Cited by 139

Positive and Negative Regulation of Nuclear Factor-κB-mediated Transcription by IκB-ζ, an Inducible Nuclear Protein

Motoyama, M., Yamazaki, S., Eto-Kimura, A., Takeshige, K., & Muta, T. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m412738200 · Cited by 138

Interleukin-1α expression precedes IL-1β after ischemic brain injury and is localised to areas of focal neuronal loss and penumbral tissues

Luheshi, N., Kovács, K., López‐Castejón, G., Brough, D., & Dénes, Á. (2011) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-8-186 · Cited by 138

The Asp299Gly Polymorphism Alters TLR4 Signaling by Interfering with Recruitment of MyD88 and TRIF

Figueroa, L., Xiong, Y., Song, C. H., Piao, W., Vogel, S. N., & Medvedev, A. E. (2012) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1200202 · Cited by 138

Misfolded α-synuclein and toll-like receptors: therapeutic targets for Parkinson's disease

Béraud, D., & Maguire‐Zeiss, K. A. (2011) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70008-6 · Cited by 135

West Nile Virus: Immunity and Pathogenesis

Lim, S. M., Koraka, P., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., & Martina, B. E. E. (2011) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v3060811 · Cited by 133

Pattern Recognition Receptors and Their Role in Innate Immunity: Focus on Microbial Protein Ligands

Areschoug, T., & Gordon, S. (2008) · KARGER eBooks · doi:10.1159/000135685 · Cited by 132

Neuronal death in brain infarcts in man

Love, S., Barber, R., & Wilcock, G. K. (2000) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2990.2000.00218.x · Cited by 132

Interleukin-1 in Stroke

Sobowale, O. A., Parry‐Jones, A., Smith, C. J., Tyrrell, P. J., Rothwell, N. J., & Allan, S. M. (2016) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.115.010001 · Cited by 131

Tumor Necrosis Factor α Mediates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Microglial Toxicity to Developing Oligodendrocytes When Astrocytes Are Present

Li, J., Ramenaden, E. R., Peng, J., Koito, H., Volpe, J. J., & Rosenberg, P. A. (2008) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3995-07.2008 · Cited by 130

Innate Immunity to Pneumococcal Infection of the Central Nervous System Depends on Toll‐Like Receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4

Klein, M., Obermaier, B., Angele, B., Pfister, H., Wagner, H., Koedel, U., & Kirschning, C. J. (2008) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/591626 · Cited by 130

HMGB1 as a Key Mediator of Immune Mechanisms in Ischemic Stroke

Singh, V., Roth, S., Veltkamp, R. C., & Liesz, A. (2015) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2015.6397 · Cited by 130

Innate and adaptive immune responses in neurodegeneration and repair

Amor, S., & Woodroofe, M. (2014) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.12134 · Cited by 128

TIR-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling

Jenkins, K. A., & Mansell, A. S. (2009) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2009.01.009 · Cited by 125

Role of Immunity and Inflammation in the Pathophysiology of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Fakhoury, M. (2015) · Neurodegenerative Diseases · doi:10.1159/000369933 · Cited by 124

Neuronal caspase-3 and PARP-1 correlate differentially with apoptosis and necrosis in ischemic human stroke

Sairanen, T., Szepesi, R., Karjalainen‐Lindsberg, M., Saksi, J., Paetau, A. E., & Lindsberg, P. J. (2009) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-009-0559-3 · Cited by 120

The role of microglia at synapses in the healthy CNS: novel insights from recent imaging studies

Tremblay, M. (2011) · Neuron Glia Biology · doi:10.1017/s1740925x12000038 · Cited by 117

Anti-TLR2 antibody triggers oxidative phosphorylation in microglia and increases phagocytosis of β-amyloid

Rubio‐Araiz, A., Finucane, O. M., Keogh, S., & Lynch, M. A. (2018) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1281-7 · Cited by 117

Roles of TLR3 and RIG-I in Mediating the Inflammatory Response in Mouse Microglia following Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection

Jiang, R., Ye, J., Zhu, B., Song, Y., Chen, H., & Cao, S. (2014) · Journal of Immunology Research · doi:10.1155/2014/787023 · Cited by 117

CXCR4 and CXCL12 Expression is Increased in the Nigro-Striatal System of Parkinson’s Disease

Shimoji, M., Pagán, F., Healton, E. B., & Mocchetti, I. (2009) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/s12640-009-9076-3 · Cited by 113

The Innate Immune Adaptor Molecule MyD88 Restricts West Nile Virus Replication and Spread in Neurons of the Central Nervous System

Szretter, K. J., Daffis, S., Patel, J. R., Suthar, M. S., Klein, R. S., Gale, M., & Diamond, M. (2010) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01026-10 · Cited by 110

Neuroprotection against ischemic brain injury by SP600125 via suppressing the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis

Guan, Q., Pei, D., Liu, X., Wang, X., Xu, T., & Zhang, G. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.03.086 · Cited by 109

Toll-like Receptor Signaling Promotes Development and Function of Sensory Neurons Required for a C. elegans Pathogen-Avoidance Behavior

Brandt, J. P., & Ringstad, N. (2015) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.07.037 · Cited by 108

Distinct Dictation of Japanese Encephalitis Virus-Induced Neuroinflammation and Lethality via Triggering TLR3 and TLR4 Signal Pathways

Han, Y. W., Choi, J., Uyangaa, E., Kim, S. B., Kim, J. H., Kim, B. S., Kim, K., & Eo, S. K. (2014) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004319 · Cited by 104

The Lip Lipoprotein from Neisseria gonorrhoeae Stimulates Cytokine Release and NF-κB Activation in Epithelial Cells in a Toll-like Receptor 2-dependent Manner

Fisette, P. L., Ram, S., Andersen, J. M., Guo, W., & Ingalls, R. R. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m306587200 · Cited by 103

Expression and distribution of Toll-like receptors 11–13 in the brain during murine neurocysticercosis

Mishra, B. B., Gundra, U. M., & Teale, J. M. (2008) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-5-53 · Cited by 102

The adaptive immune system in diseases of the central nervous system

Wraith, D. C., & Nicholson, L. B. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci58648 · Cited by 101

Oligodendrocyte Generation Is Differentially Influenced by Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4-Mediated Intraspinal Macrophage Activation

Schonberg, D. L., Popovich, P. G., & McTigue, D. M. (2007) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e31815c2530 · Cited by 97

Toll-like receptor 3 activation selectively reverses HIV latency in microglial cells

Alvarez-Carbonell, D., García‐Mesa, Y., Milne, S., Das, B., Dobrowolski, C. N., Rojas, R. E., & Karn, J. (2017) · Retrovirology · doi:10.1186/s12977-017-0335-8 · Cited by 97

Role of toll-like receptors in multiple sclerosis.

Miranda‐Hernandez, S., & Baxter, A. G. (2013) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 96

Toll-like Receptor Expression and Activation in Astroglia: Differential Regulation by HIV-1 Tat, gp120, and Morphine

El‐Hage, N., Podhaizer, E. M., Sturgill, J., & Hauser, K. F. (2011) · Immunological Investigations · doi:10.3109/08820139.2011.561904 · Cited by 96

Regulation of inflammation in Japanese encephalitis

Lannes, N., Summerfield, A., & Filgueira, L. (2017) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0931-5 · Cited by 94

SARM: a novel Toll-like receptor adaptor, is functionally conserved from arthropod to human

Belinda, L. W.-C., Wei, W. X., Hanh, B. T. H., Lei, L. X., Ho, B., & Ding, J. L. (2007) · Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.09.030 · Cited by 92

CpG‐containing oligodeoxynucleotide promotes microglial cell uptake of amyloid β 1–42 peptide by up‐regulating the expression of the G‐protein‐coupled receptor mFPR2

Iribarren, P., Chen, K., Hu, J., Gong, W., Cho, E. H., Lockert, S., Uranchimeg, B., & Wang, J. M. (2005) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.05-4578fje · Cited by 92

Kinetics of inflammatory response of astrocytes induced by TLR 3 and TLR4 ligation

Krasowska‐Zoladek, A., Banaszewska, M., Kraszpulski, M., & Konat, G. W. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.21088 · Cited by 91

Double‐stranded RNA signals antiviral and inflammatory programs and dysfunctional glutamate transport in TLR3‐expressing astrocytes

Scumpia, P. O., Kelly, K. M., Reeves, W. H., & Stevens, B. R. (2005) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20234 · Cited by 90

The Microtubule Regulator Stathmin Is an Endogenous Protein Agonist for TLR3

Bsibsi, M., Bajramovic, J. J., Vogt, M. H. J., van Duijvenvoorden, E., Baghat, A., Persoon-Deen, C., Tielen, F. J., Verbeek, R., Huitinga, I., Ryffel, B., et al. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0902419 · Cited by 89

Japanese Encephalitis Virus‐induced let‐7a/b interacted with the NOTCH ‐ TLR 7 pathway in microglia and facilitated neuronal death via caspase activation

Mukherjee, S., Akbar, I., Kumari, B., Vrati, S., Basu, A., & Banerjee, A. K. (2018) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.14645 · Cited by 86

Neuronal Interferon Signaling Is Required for Protection against Herpes Simplex Virus Replication and Pathogenesis

Rosato, P. C., & Leib, D. A. (2015) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005028 · Cited by 84

Hyaluronan differently modulates TLR‐4 and the inflammatory response in mouse chondrocytes

Campo, G. M., Avenoso, A., D’Ascola, A., Prestipino, V., Scuruchi, M., Nastasi, G., Calatroni, A., & Campo, S. (2012) · BioFactors · doi:10.1002/biof.202 · Cited by 84

Neuronal regulation by which microglia enhance the production of neurotrophic factors for GABAergic, catecholaminergic, and cholinergic neurons

Nakajima, K., Tohyama, Y., Maeda, S., Kohsaka, S., & Kurihara, T. (2007) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2007.02.006 · Cited by 81

TLR5 decoy receptor as a novel anti-amyloid therapeutic for Alzheimer’s disease

Chakrabarty, P., Li, A., Ladd, T. B., Strickland, M. R., Koller, E. J., Burgess, J. D., Funk, C. C., Cruz, P. E., Allen, M., Yaroshenko, M., et al. (2018) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20180484 · Cited by 80

Toll‐like receptors 2 and 3 agonists differentially affect oligodendrocyte survival, differentiation, and myelin membrane formation

Bsibsi, M., Nomden, A., van Noort, J. M., & Baron, W. (2011) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.22767 · Cited by 79

Viral CNS infections: role of glial pattern recognition receptors in neuroinflammation

Furr, S. R., & Marriott, I. (2012) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00201 · Cited by 77

U1 RNA induces innate immunity signaling

Hoffman, R. W., Gazitt, T., Foecking, M. F., Ortmann, R., Misfeldt, M. L., Jorgenson, R. L., Young, S. L., & Greidinger, E. L. (2004) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20428 · Cited by 75

Anti-inflammatory properties and pharmacological induction of Hsp70 after brain injury

Kim, N., Kim, J. Y., & Yenari, M. A. (2012) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-011-0115-3 · Cited by 71

Combating herpesvirus encephalitis by potentiating a TLR3–mTORC2 axis

Sato, R., Kato, A., Chimura, T., Saitoh, S.-I., Shibata, T., Murakami, Y., Fukui, R., Liu, K., Zhang, Y., Arii, J., et al. (2018) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0203-2 · Cited by 71

TLR7 is a key regulator of innate immunity against Japanese encephalitis virus infection

Nazmi, A., Mukherjee, S., Kundu, K., Dutta, K., Mahadevan, A., Shankar, S. K., & Basu, A. (2014) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2014.05.036 · Cited by 69

Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development

Zhang, W., Xiao, D., Mao, Q., & Xia, H. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01486-5 · Cited by 1,668

Neuroinflammation and depression: A review

Troubat, R., Barone, P., Leman, S., Desmidt, T., Cressant, A., Atanasova, B., Brizard, B., El Hage, W., Surget, A., Belzung, C., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14720 · Cited by 1,107

Neuroinflammation in Acute Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke

Alsbrook, D. L., Napoli, M. D., Bhatia, K., Biller, J., Andalib, S., Hinduja, A., Rodrigues, R., Rodriguez, M., Sabbagh, S. Y., Selim, M. H., et al. (2023) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-023-01282-2 · Cited by 573

Microglia: Agents of the CNS Pro-Inflammatory Response

Rodríguez-Gómez, J. A., Kavanagh, E., Engskog-Vlachos, P., Engskog, M. K. R., Herrera, A. J., Espinosa-Oliva, A. M., Joseph, B., Hajji, N., Venero, J. L., & Burguillos, M. A. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9071717 · Cited by 365

The Beneficial Roles of SIRT1 in Neuroinflammation-Related Diseases

Jiao, F., & Gong, Z. (2020) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2020/6782872 · Cited by 294

Toll-Like Receptors and Neuroinflammation

Lee, S. J. (2013) · Advances in neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8313-7_9

Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Its Role in Neurocognitive Functions

Srivastava, V., Chakraborty, S., & Srivastava, R. (2026) · Current Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/0127724328415188260605204430

Toll‐like receptors in neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and alcohol‐induced brain damage

Pascual, M., Calvo-Rodríguez, M., Núñez, L., Villalobos, C., Ureña, J., & Guerri, C. (2021) · IUBMB Life · doi:10.1002/iub.2510 · Cited by 115

Toll-like receptors in inflammation of the central nervous system

Kong, Y., & Le, Y. (2011) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2011.04.025 · Cited by 127

Toll‐like receptors in central nervous system glial inflammation and homeostasis

Kielian, T. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.20767 · Cited by 373