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Cited by 78Sleep and related disordersCircadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and Work-Related Fatigue

24-h activity rhythm and sleep in depressed outpatients

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Hori, Hiroaki, Koga, Norie, Hidese, Shinsuke, Nagashima, Anna, Kim, Yoshiharu, Higuchi, Teruhiko, Kunugi, Hiroshi·2016·Journal of Psychiatric Research
DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.02.022
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Abstract

Disturbances in sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythms are key features of depression. Actigraphy, a non-invasive method for monitoring motor activity, can be used to objectively assess circadian rest-activity rhythms and sleep patterns. While recent studies have measured sleep and daytime activity of depressed patients using wrist-worn actigraphy, the actigraphic 24-h rest-activity rhythm in depression has not been well documented. We aimed to examine actigraphically measured sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythms in depressed outpatients. Twenty patients with DSM-IV major depressive episode and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls participated in this study. Participants completed 7 consecutive days of all-day actigraphic activity monitoring while engaging in usual activities. For sleep parameters, total sleep time, wake after sleep onset, and sleep fragmentation index were determined. Circadian rhythms were estimated by fitting individual actigraphy data to a cosine curve of a 24-h activity rhythm using the cosinor method, which generated three circadian activity rhythm parameters, i.e., MESOR (rhythm-adjusted mean), amplitude, and acrophase. Subjective sleep was also assessed using a sleep diary and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Patients showed significantly lower MESOR and more dampened amplitude along with significant sleep disturbances. Logistic regression analysis revealed that lower MESOR and more fragmented sleep emerged as the significant predictors of depression. Correlations between subjectively and actigraphically measured parameters demonstrated the validity of actigraphic measurements. These results indicate marked disturbances in sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythms of depression. By simultaneously measuring sleep and rest-activity rhythm parameters, actigraphy might serve as an objective diagnostic aid for depression.

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Authors
Hori, H., Koga, N., Hidese, S., Nagashima, A., Kim, Y., Higuchi, T., & Kunugi, H.
Affiliations
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (JP)
Corresponding author
Hori, Hiroaki
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Psychiatric Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-06
Volume
77
Pages
27-34
ISSN
0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.02.022
OpenAlex
W2288583362
Cited by
78
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3
FWCI
8.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
  • National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords
depression, circadian rest-activity rhythm, sleep disorders, actigraphy, major depressive episode, mesor, acrophase, rhythm amplitude, sleep fragmentation, wake after sleep onset, total sleep time, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Circadian Rhythm, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Logistic Models, Young Adult, Actigraphy

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