Stress models of depression: forming genetically vulnerable strains
Abstract
Among the most useful models for depressive disorders are those, which involve a stress induced change in behaviour. Learned helplessness is one such model and is induced through exposure to uncontrollable and unpredictable aversive events. Learned helplessness as induced in rats using foot shock is well characterized and has good face validity and predictive validity as a model of depression, including alterations in HPA axis activity and REM sleep characteristic of depression. The data concerning the validity will be briefly reviewed. The model can also be used to look at the role of genetics through selective breeding. These studies will be reviewed and the utility of the genetic strains for understanding the interaction of stress and affect will be examined. A second model of depression using exposure to chronic stress also has high face and predictive validity. A new form of this approach, recently described, also is suitable for the examination of genetic factors leading to depressive like behaviour and this will be presented.
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Chronic restraint stress is widely used to induce a depressive phenotype.
“This is widely used to induce a depressive phenotype (33)”
From Inflammatory T helper 17 cells promote depression-like behavior in mice (2013) · cites this paper as [33]
The lateral habenula is implicated in negative mood states in both animal and human research.
“The LHb is implicated in negative mood states in both animal and human research.”
From Deep brain stimulation for depression. (2022) · cites this paper as [40]
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- Authors
- Henn, F. A., & Vollmayr, B.
- Affiliations
- Central Institute of Mental Health (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Henn, Fritz A.
- Venue
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 4-5
- Pages
- 799-804
- ISSN
- 0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1988912854
- Cited by
- 274
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 0.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- depression, animal models of depression, learned helplessness, chronic stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, REM sleep, genetic susceptibility, selective breeding, genetic strain, footshock, face validity, predictive validity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Depression, Disease Models, Animal, Helplessness, Learned, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Predictive Value of Tests, Sleep, REM, Stress, Psychological, Reproducibility of Results, Mice
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