Cited by 102Stress Responses and CortisolNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchMemory and Neural Mechanisms

Chronic stress effects on hippocampal structure and synaptic function: relevance for depression and normalization by anti-glucocorticoid treatment

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Krugers·2010·Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience

Abstract

Exposure of an organism to environmental challenges activates two hormonal systems that help the organism to adapt. As part of this adaptational process, brain processes are changed such that appropriate behavioral strategies are selected that allow optimal performance at the short term, while relevant information is stored for the future. Over the past years it has become evident that chronic uncontrollable and unpredictable stress also exerts profound effects on structure and function of limbic neurons, but the impact of chronic stress is not a mere accumulation of repeated episodes of acute stress exposure. Dendritic trees are reduced in some regions but expanded in others, and cells are generally exposed to a higher calcium load upon depolarization. Synaptic strengthening is largely impaired. Neurotransmitter responses are also changed, e.g., responses to serotonin. We here discuss: (a) the main cellular effects after chronic stress with emphasis on the hippocampus, (b) how such effects could contribute to the development of psychopathology in genetically vulnerable individuals, and (c) their normalization by brief treatment with anti-glucocorticoids.

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Authors
Krugers
Venue
Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience
Published
2010
Volume
2
Pages
24-24
ISSN
1663-3563 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2150598665
Cited by
102
References
134
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI
1.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords
chronic stress, hippocampus, depression, dendritic morphology, synaptic plasticity, calcium signaling, limbic system, glucocorticoids, genetic susceptibility, psychopathology

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