Global and local gray matter loss in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
Abstract
Purpose Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is thought to be the prodromal phase to Alzheimer's disease (AD). We analyzed patterns of gray matter (GM) loss to examine what characterizes MCI and what determines the difference with AD.Materials and methods Thirty-three subjects with AD, 14 normal elderly controls (NCLR), and 22 amnestic MCI subjects were included and underwent brain MR imaging. Global GM volume was assessed using segmentation and local GM volume was assessed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM); VBM was optimized for template mismatch and statistical mass.Results AD subjects had significantly (12.3%) lower mean global GM volume when compared to controls (517 +/- 58 vs. 590 +/- 52 ml; P < 0.001). Global GM volume in the MCI group (552 +/- 52) was intermediate between these two: 6.2% lower than AD and 6.5% higher than the controls but not significantly different from either group. VBM showed that subjects with MCI had significant local reductions in gray matter in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), the insula, and thalamus compared to NCLR subjects. By contrast, when compared to subjects with AD, MCI subjects had more GM in the parietal association areas and the anterior and the posterior cingulate.Conclusion GM loss in the MTL characterizes MCI, while GM loss in the parietal and cingulate cortices might be a feature of AD.
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These patterns of atrophy are consistent with previous reports in semantic dementia and in Alzheimer's disease.
“These patterns of atrophy are consistent with previous reports in semantic dementia (Rosen et al., 2002;Mion et al., 2010) and in Alzheimer's disease (Karas et al., 2004;Dickerson et al., 2009).”
From Considering the role of semantic memory in episodic future thinking: evidence from semantic dementia (2012) · cites this paper as Karas et al., 2004
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- Authors
- Karas, G. B., Scheltens, P., Rombouts, S. A. R. B., Visser, P. J., van Schijndel, R. A., Fox, N. C., & Barkhof, F.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Karas, G.B.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-10
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 708-716
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1989217296
- Cited by
- 613
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 15.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Keywords
- mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, gray matter loss, gray matter volume, medial temporal lobe, insula, thalamus, parietal association areas, cingulate cortex, voxel-based morphometry, prodromal Alzheimer's disease
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Amnesia, Atrophy, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cognition Disorders, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged
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