The Infancy of the Human Brain
Open accessAbstract
The human infant brain is the only known machine able to master a natural language and develop explicit, symbolic, and communicable systems of knowledge that deliver rich representations of the external world. With the emergence of noninvasive brain imaging, we now have access to the unique neural machinery underlying these early accomplishments. After describing early cognitive capacities in the domains of language and number, we review recent findings that underline the strong continuity between human infants' and adults' neural architecture, with notably early hemispheric asymmetries and involvement of frontal areas. Studies of the strengths and limitations of early learning, and of brain dynamics in relation to regional maturational stages, promise to yield a better understanding of the sources of human cognitive achievements.
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The baby brain is not a miniature adult brain; regional changes in brain connectivity and differential myelination are asynchronous and protracted.
“Importantly, the baby brain is not a miniature adult brain; regional changes of brain connectivity and differential myelination take place that are asynchronous and protracted (Dehaene-Lambertz and Spelke, 2015; Dubois et al., 2016).”
From Conscious Processing and the Global Neuronal Workspace Hypothesis (2020) · cites this paper as Dehaene-Lambertz and Spelke, 2015
Within the first year of life, all GNW areas become active, including the prefrontal cortex, but lack of myelination makes them very slow to process information.
“Within the first year of life, all GNW areas quickly become active, including the prefrontal cortex, although their lack of myelination renders them very slow to process information (Dehaene-Lambertz and Spelke, 2015).”
From Conscious Processing and the Global Neuronal Workspace Hypothesis (2020) · cites this paper as Dehaene-Lambertz and Spelke, 2015
Genetically determined early synaptic connections enable the first appearance of synchronized oscillatory electrical activity in the prenatal brain.
“Genetically determined early synaptic connections enable the first appearance of synchronized oscillatory electrical activity in the prenatal brain62, 63.”
From Imaging structural and functional brain development in early childhood (2018) · cites this paper as [63]
The human neocortical areal map is topographically matched but slightly structurally and functionally asymmetric between the left and right hemispheres.
“The formation of the human neocortical areal map is topographically matched, though slightly structurally and functionally asymmetric, between the left and right hemispheres (Amunts et al., 2003; Dehaene-Lambertz and Spelke, 2015; Sun and Walsh, 2006).”
From The Cellular and Molecular Landscapes of the Developing Human Central Nervous System (2016) · cites this paper as Dehaene-Lambertz and Spelke, 2015
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Self-citationLanguage Experience during Infancy Predicts White Matter Myelination at Age 2 Years
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Neuroaesthetics and art's diversity and universality
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Climbing Brain Levels of Organisation from Genes to Consciousness
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White matter in infancy is prospectively associated with language outcomes in kindergarten
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Right but not left hemispheric discrimination of faces in infancy
Adibpour, P., Dubois, J., & Dehaene-Lambertz, G. (2017) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-017-0249-4 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationde Vareilles, H., Rivière, D., Mangin, J., & Dubois, J. (2023) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101249 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Is the brain prewired for letters?
Dehaene, S., & Dehaene‐Lambertz, G. (2016) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4369 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationDynamic expression of genes associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder across development
Clifton, N. E., Hannon, E. J., Harwood, J. C., Florio, A. D., Thomas, K. L., Holmans, P., Walters, J., O’Donovan, M. C., Owen, M. J., Pocklington, A. J., et al. (2019) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-019-0405-x · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Reduced cortical thickness in Heschl's gyrus as an in vivo marker for human primary auditory cortex
Zoellner, S., Benner, J., Zeidler, B. M., Seither‐Preisler, A., Christiner, M., Seitz, A., Goebel, R., Heinecke, A., Wengenroth, M., Blatow, M., et al. (2018) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.24434 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Symbolic labeling in 5-month-old human infants
Kabdebon, C., & Dehaene‐Lambertz, G. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1809144116 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationAbate, F., Adu-Amankwah, A., Ae-Ngibise, K. A., Agbokey, F., Agyemang, V., Agyemang, C., Akgun, C., Ametepe, J. M., Arichi, T., Asante, K. P., et al. (2024) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101397 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Rhythm in the Premature Neonate Brain: Very Early Processing of Auditory Beat and Meter
Edalati, M., Wallois, F., Safaie, J., Ghostine, G., Kongolo, G., Trainor, L. J., & Moghimi, S. (2023) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1100-22.2023 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Lifetime modulation of the pain system via neuroimmune and neuroendocrine interactions
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Neural mechanisms of visual sensitive periods in humans
Röder, B., Kekunnaya, R., & Guerreiro, M. J. S. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.030 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Emergence of the cortical encoding of phonetic features in the first year of life
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Dear reviewers: Responses to common reviewer critiques about infant neuroimaging studies
Korom, M., Camacho, M. C., Filippi, C. A., Licandro, R., Moore, L. A., Dufford, A. J., Zöllei, L., Graham, A. M., Spann, M. N., Howell, B., et al. (2021) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101055 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Brain correlates of constituent structure in sign language comprehension
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de Montferrand, C., Vassel-Hitier, J., Chaou, E. Y., Câmara‐Costa, H., Dellatolas, G., & Chevignard, M. (2019) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2019.07.020 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Individual variability in functional organization of the neonatal brain
Molloy, M. F., & Saygin, Z. M. (2022) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119101 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Development of an Eco-Biodevelopmental Model of Emergent Literacy Before Kindergarten
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Becker, Y., Sein, J., Velly, L. J., Giacomino, L., Renaud, L., Lacoste, R., Anton, J., Nazarian, B., Berne, C., & Meguerditchian, A. (2020) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117575 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Time-resolved multivariate pattern analysis of infant EEG data: A practical tutorial
Ashton, K., Zinszer, B. D., Cichy, R. M., Nelson, C. A., Aslin, R. Ν., & Bayet, L. (2022) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101094 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Fetal and neonatal neuroimaging
Counsell, S. J., Arichi, T., Arulkumaran, S., & Rutherford, M. (2019) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64029-1.00004-7 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
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Development of the Intrinsic Language Network in Preschool Children from Ages 3 to 5 Years
Xiao, Y., Bräuer, J., Lauckner, M. E., Zhai, H., Jia, F., Margulies, D. S., & Friederici, A. D. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165802 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
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Temporal dynamics of visual representations in the infant brain
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Zhou, Y., Zhang, L., Wang, P., Li, Q., Li, J., Wang, H., Gui, Y., Liu, Y., Sui, X., Li, J., et al. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172366 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Is artificial consciousness achievable? Lessons from the human brain
Farisco, M., Evers, K., & Changeux, J. (2024) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2024.106714 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The Cambridge Handbook of Infant Development
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Advances in Modeling Alzheimer's Disease In Vitro
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Network dynamics in the healthy and epileptic developing brain
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Prenatal Programming of Neurodevelopment: Structural and Functional Changes
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The developmental origins of subliminal face processing
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Age-related dissociation of N400 effect and lexical priming
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Sensorimotor foundations of speech perception in infancy
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Evolution of Human Brain Left–Right Asymmetry: Old Genes with New Functions
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The Development of Multisensory Attention Skills
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Newborns discriminate utterance‐level prosodic contours
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Brain Organoids: Studying Human Brain Development and Diseases in a Dish
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Violations of physical and psychological expectations in the human adult brain
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Neurobiology, not artifacts: Challenges and guidelines for imaging the high risk infant
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Signatures of brain plasticity supporting language recovery after perinatal arterial ischemic stroke
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Perception of invisible masked objects in early infancy
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Infants’ sensitivity to shape changes in 2D visual forms
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Infant neuroscience: how to measure brain activity in the youngest minds
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Paleoanthropology of cognition: an overview on Hominins brain evolution.
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Infants are superior in implicit crossmodal learning and use other learning mechanisms than adults
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Self-citationMaturation of consonant perception, but not vowel perception, predicts lexical skills at 12 months
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Chromatin Remodeling in the Brain-a NuRDevelopmental Odyssey
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- Authors
- Dehaene-Lambertz, G., & Spelke, E. S.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- ORCID
- Spelke, E.S.
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-10
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 93-109
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1928362823
- Cited by
- 264
- References
- 176
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 20 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 4.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1231216)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- Fondation de France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Companhia Brasileira de Metalurgia e Mineração (CCF-1231216)
- Fondation des Treilles
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- infant brain development, language acquisition, numerical cognition, hemispheric lateralization, frontal cortex, early learning, brain maturation, neural architecture, cognitive development, non-invasive brain imaging
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Child Development, Cognition, Humans, Infant, Language Development, Neuroimaging
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