Longitudinal Analysis of Neural Network Development in Preterm Infants
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Application of resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) to the study of prematurely born infants enables assessment of the earliest forms of cerebral connectivity and characterization of its early development in the human brain. We obtained 90 longitudinal fcMRI data sets from a cohort of preterm infants aged from 26 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) through term equivalent age at PMA-specific time points. Utilizing seed-based correlation analysis, we identified resting state networks involving varied cortical regions, the thalamus, and cerebellum. Identified networks demonstrated a regionally variable age-specific pattern of development, with more mature forms consisting of localized interhemispheric connections between homotopic counterparts. Anatomical distance was found to play a critical role in the rate of connection development. Prominent differences were noted between networks identified in term control versus premature infants at term equivalent, including in the thalamocortical connections critical for neurodevelopment. Putative precursors of the default mode network were detected in term control infants but were not identified in preterm infants, including those at term equivalent. Identified patterns of network maturation reflect the intricate relationship of structural and functional processes present throughout this important developmental period and are consistent with prior investigations of neurodevelopment in this population.
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Progressive maturation of primary functional networks has been shown in human fetuses and in premature infants before term age.
“Progressive maturation of these primary networks has been shown in human fetuses94 and in premature infants before term age88, 89,89”
From Imaging structural and functional brain development in early childhood (2018) · cites this paper as [88]
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Watching the fetal brain at ‘rest’
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The predictive validity of neonatal MRI for neurodevelopmental outcome in very preterm children
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Sex differences in functional connectivity during fetal brain development
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Machine-learning to characterise neonatal functional connectivity in the preterm brain
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The potential of infant fMRI research and the study of early life stress as a promising exemplar
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Self-citationFunctional connectivity in the developing brain: a longitudinal study from 4 to 9months of age
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“Smyser et al. (2010) used seed-based correlational analysis in neonates beginning at 26 week gestation, identifying neural networks which increase in distance and coherence through gestation.”
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MR connectomics: a conceptual framework for studying the developing brain
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Customized head molds reduce motion during resting state fMRI scans
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Early human brain development: Starring the subplate
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Prenatal Drug Exposure Affects Neonatal Brain Functional Connectivity
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Age effects on the default mode and control networks in typically developing children
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Functional properties of resting state networks in healthy full-term newborns
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Early life stress is associated with default system integrity and emotionality during infancy
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Association of Prenatal Maternal Anxiety With Fetal Regional Brain Connectivity
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Brain connectivity and socioeconomic status at birth and externalizing symptoms at age 2 years
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The Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Neighborhood Crime on Neonatal Functional Connectivity
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Development of visual object recognition
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Global Network Organization of the Fetal Functional Connectome
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Fetal functional imaging portrays heterogeneous development of emerging human brain networks
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- Authors
- Smyser, C. D., Inder, T. E., Shimony, J. S., Hill, J. E., Degnan, A. J., Snyder, A. Z., & Neil, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-03-17
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2852-2862
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- PMC
- PMC2978240
- OpenAlex
- W2137376190
- Cited by
- 791
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 75 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 57 · 2013: 53 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 22.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P30NS048056)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD057098, K23HD053212)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- preterm infants, resting-state functional connectivity, brain network development, thalamocortical connections, default mode network, interhemispheric connections, anatomical distance, seed-based correlation analysis, longitudinal development, cerebellum, thalamus
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Infant, Newborn, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Pregnancy, Premature Birth, Neurogenesis
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