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Epigenetics and aging: the targets and the marks
Abstract
'Aging epigenetics' is an emerging field that promises exciting revelations in the near future. Here we focus on the functional and biological significance of the epigenetic alterations that accumulate during aging and are important in tumorigenesis. Paradigmatic examples are provided by the global loss of DNA methylation in aging and cancer and by the promoter hypermethylation of genes with a dual role in tumor suppression and progeria, such as the Werner syndrome (WRN) and lamin A/C genes. Another twist is provided by sirtuins, a family of NAD-dependent deacetylases that act on Lys16 of histone H4, which are emerging as a link between cellular transformation and lifespan.
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“It is recognized that epigenetic stability is proportional related to DNA methylation, as global hypomethylation of DNA may lead to genomic instability [179, 180].”
From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [179]
In the citing paper
“Increased histone H4K16 acetylation, H4K20 trimethylation or H3K4 trimethylation, as well as decreased H3K9 methylation or H3K27 trimethylation, constitute age-associated epigenetic marks (Fraga and Esteller, 2007; Han and Brunet, 2012).”
From The Hallmarks of Aging (2013) · cites this paper as Fraga and Esteller, 2007
In the citing paper
“The age-associated repression of TERT is reminiscent of other key longevity-associated genes, where epigenetic alterations altering chromatin structure and accessibility accumulate in the cis-regulatory sequences during aging, leading changes in the transcriptional regulation of genes governing aging.41,42”
From TERT activation targets DNA methylation and multiple aging hallmarks (2024) · cites this paper as [41]
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An Epigenetic Signature in Peripheral Blood Predicts Active Ovarian Cancer
Teschendorff, A. E., Menon, U., Gentry‐Maharaj, A., Ramus, S. J., Gayther, S. A., Apostolidou, S., Jones, A., Lechner, M., Beck, S., Jacobs, I. J., et al. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008274 · Cited by 364
“individual’s life, predispose the individual to the disease [1,5–8].”
BackgroundJohnson, N. M., Hoffmann, A. R., Behlen, J. C., Lau, C., Pendleton, D., Harvey, N., Shore, R., Li, Y., Chen, J., Tian, Y., et al. (2021) · Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12199-021-00995-5 · Cited by 339
“It is recognized that epigenetic stability is proportional related to DNA methylation, as global hypomethylation of DNA may lead to genomic instability [179, 180].”
BackgroundThe role of epigenetics in aging and age-related diseases
Calvanese, V., Lara, E., Kahn, A., & Fraga, M. F. (2009) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2009.03.004 · Cited by 329
Self-citationGuo, S.-W. (2009) · Molecular Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/molehr/gap064 · Cited by 328
“In addition, it is associated with a decline in global CpG methylation (Fraga and Esteller, 2007).”
BackgroundMatsumoto, L., Takuma, H., Tamaoka, A., Kurisaki, H., Date, H., Tsuji, S., & Iwata, A. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015522 · Cited by 309
“Epigenetic regulation includes histone modification and DNA methylation, of which CpG island methylation can be gene-specific; in several different cancers, CpG methylation inhibits binding of the transcription machinery, causing silencing of a specific oncogene, which leads to carcinogenesis [11,12,13].”
BackgroundWoo, H. R., Kim, H. J., Nam, H. G., & Lim, P. O. (2013) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.109116 · Cited by 324
“The global decrease in DNA methylation is caused by a progressive decrease in the efficacy of DNA methyltransferase I to act on heterochromatic regions with aging (Fraga and Esteller, 2007).”
BackgroundBelzil, V., Bauer, P., Prudencio, M., Gendron, T. F., Stetler, C. T., Yan, I. K., Pregent, L., Daughrity, L. M., Baker, M., Rademakers, R., et al. (2013) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-013-1199-1 · Cited by 309
Epigenetic-aging-signature to determine age in different tissues
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“On the other hand, there is accumulating evidence that aging rather resembles a developmentally regulated process which is tightly controlled by specific epigenetic modifications [2-8].”
BackgroundIndole in the target-based design of anticancer agents: A versatile scaffold with diverse mechanisms
Dadashpour, S., & Emami, S. (2018) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.065 · Cited by 353
Salermide, a Sirtuin inhibitor with a strong cancer-specific proapoptotic effect
Lara, E., Mai, A., Calvanese, V., Altucci, L., López‐Nieva, P., Martínez‐Chantar, M. L., Varela‐Rey, M., Rotili, D., Nebbioso, A., Ropero, S., et al. (2008) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/onc.2008.436 · Cited by 267
“Indeed, some targets, such as E2F transcription factor 1 and nuclear factor kappaB inhibitor, are important players in the apoptotic pathways (reviewed in Fraga and Esteller, 2007).”
BackgroundSelf-citationPhillip, J. M., Aifuwa, I., Walston, J. D., & Wirtz, D. (2015) · Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071114-040829 · Cited by 304
“There are numerous changes in histone modification that are associated with increased age, including an increase in histone acetylation of H4K16, trimethylation of H4K20 and H3K4, and a decrease in methylation of H3K9 and H3K27 (124, 125).”
Aging and Chronic Sun Exposure Cause Distinct Epigenetic Changes in Human Skin
Grönniger, E., Weber, B., Heil, O., Peters, N., Stäb, F., Wenck, H., Korn, B., Winnefeld, M., & Lyko, F. (2010) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000971 · Cited by 269
“It is widely assumed that epigenetic changes play a fundamental role in establishing gene expression patterns specific for aged cells and tissues [1].”
BackgroundInfluentialTost, J. (2008) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-522-0_1 · Cited by 108
“Simultaneously, distinct genes acquire methylation at specific sites such as their promoters, a situation that strikingly resembles the DNA methylation changes that are found in cancer [36].”
BackgroundSuperoxide dismutase downregulation in osteoarthritis progression and end-stage disease
Scott, J. L., Gabrielides, C., Davidson, R. K., Swingler, T. E., Clark, I. M., Wallis, G. A., Boot-Handford, R., Kirkwood, T. B. L., Talyor, R. W., & Young, D. A. (2010) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2009.119966 · Cited by 258
“[25] Furthermore, aberrant DNA methylation occurs with disease and ageing.[30] In chondrocytes, SOD2 expression increased following inhibition of DNA methylation (Fig 4A) and analysis of the SOD2 promoter identified a significant overall increase in the number of CpG sites partially methylated in OA compared to NOF ca…”
BackgroundHigher-order Genome Organization in Human DiseasePreprint
Misteli, T. (2010) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a000794 · Cited by 223
“Global DNA methylation is reduced in many aged mammalian tissues (Wilson and Jones 1983; Fraga and Esteller 2007) and several histone modifications are affected during aging.”
BackgroundEpigenetic regulation in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease
Chouliaras, L., Rutten, B. P. F., Kenis, G., Peerbooms, O., Visser, P. J., Verhey, F., van Os, J., Steinbusch, H. W. M., & van den Hove, D. L. A. (2010) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.01.002 · Cited by 262
Epigenetics of Host–Pathogen Interactions: The Road Ahead and the Road Behind
Gómez‐Díaz, E., Jordà, M., Peinado, M. A., & Rivero, A. (2012) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003007 · Cited by 277
Aging‐dependent changes of microglial cells and their relevance for neurodegenerative disorders
Von Bernhardi, R., Tichauer, J. E., & Eugenín, J. (2010) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06537.x · Cited by 258
Epigenetic mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease
Mastroeni, D., Grover, A., Delvaux, E., Whiteside, C. M., Coleman, P. D., & Rogers, J. (2011) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.08.017 · Cited by 263
“These modifications can occur at specific gene loci in specific cells to yield specific cellular phenotypes, or can encompass many genes in many cells, an orchestrating mechanism that is widely assumed to help drive such broad biological processes as development and aging (Bandyopadhyay and Medrano, 2003; Fraga and Es…”
BackgroundInfluentialAging Hallmarks: The Benefits of Physical Exercise
Rebelo-Marques, A., De Sousa Lages, A., Andrade, R., Ribeiro, C. F., Mota-Pinto, A., Carrilho, F., & Espregueira-Mendes, J. (2018) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00258 · Cited by 246
Prospects for epigenetic epidemiology
Foley, D. L., Craig, J. M., Morley, R., Olsson, C. J., Dwyer, T., Smith, K., & Saffery, R. (2008) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwn380 · Cited by 244
“The epigenotype, in contrast, is tissue and cell-type specific and may vary over time as a function of environmental exposure, aging, and random processes (48, 60, 172, 173).”
Epigenetic alterations in aging
Gonzalo, S. (2010) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00238.2010 · Cited by 257
“Similarly, the levels of H4K20me3 increase in senescent cells (35).”
BackgroundInfluentialEpigenetics and environment: a complex relationship
Aguilera, O., Fernández, A. F., Múñoz, A., & Fraga, M. F. (2010) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00068.2010 · Cited by 249
“48), SIRT1 deserves special attention because it modulates important processes of glucose and lipid homeostasis in key metabolic tissues and is especially relevant to aging and cancer (37, 48, 82, 92).”
BackgroundSelf-citationBekaert, B., Kamalandua, A., Zapico, S. C., de Voorde, W. V., & Decorte, R. (2015) · Epigenetics · doi:10.1080/15592294.2015.1080413 · Cited by 238
Wilson, A. G. (2008) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.2008.080172 · Cited by 231
Nutritional programming of disease: unravelling the mechanism
Langley‐Evans, S. C. (2008) · Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.00977.x · Cited by 241
“The basis of age-related epigenetic drift is that there is a progressive decline in expression of DNA methyltransferase-1 (Casillas et al. 2003; Fraga & Esteller, 2007).”
BackgroundDNA hypomethylation in the origin and pathogenesis of human diseases
Pogribny, I. P., & Beland, F. A. (2009) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-009-0015-5 · Cited by 225
“, aging [7], or during pathological conditions [2, 8].”
BackgroundCsoka, A. B., & Szyf, M. (2009) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2008.10.039 · Cited by 245
“ical biological phenomena such as stem cells [14], nuclear transfer (cloning) [15], cellular reprogramming [16], aging [17], evolution”
BackgroundMethylation of Polycomb Target Genes in Intestinal Cancer Is Mediated by Inflammation
Hahn, M. A., Hahn, T., Lee, D.-H., Esworthy, R. S., Kim, B.-W., Riggs, A. D., Chu, F., & Pfeifer, G. P. (2008) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-1957 · Cited by 217
Oxidative Stress and Epigenetic Regulation in Ageing and Age-Related Diseases
Cencioni, C., Spallotta, F., Martelli, F., Valente, S., Mai, A., Zeiher, A. M., & Gaetano, C. (2013) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms140917643 · Cited by 227
“Epigenetic ageing marker Regulation Reference Global DNA methylation Decreased [22] DNA methylase activity Decreased [22] PRC1, PRC2 Decreased [26] SIRT1 Decreased [22,26,27] H3K36me3, H3K9me3, H4K20me Decreased [30] miR-71 Decreased [38] c-fos, IGF-II, p16Ink4a methylation Increased [23–25] H4K16ac Increased [22,26,2…”
BackgroundDetection of Altered Global DNA Methylation in Coronary Artery Disease Patients
Sharma, P., Kumar, J., Garg, G., Kumar, A., Patowary, A., Karthikeyan, G., Ramakrishnan, L., Brahmachari, V., & Sengupta, S. (2008) · DNA and Cell Biology · doi:10.1089/dna.2007.0694 · Cited by 205
“Aging is known to cause global DNA hypomethylation and promoter hypermethylation (Fraga and Esteller, 2007).”
‘Adipaging’: ageing and obesity share biological hallmarks related to a dysfunctional adipose tissue
Pérez, L. M., Pareja‐Galeano, H., Sanchis‐Gomar, F., Emanuele, E., Lucia, A., & Gálvez, B. G. (2016) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp271691 · Cited by 215
“Major age-induced epigenetic marks are increased histone H4K16 acetylation, H4K20/H3K4/H3K27 trimethylation and decreased H3K9 methylation (Fraga & Esteller, 2007; Han & Brunet, 2012).”
BackgroundXavier, M. J., Roman, S. D., Aitken, R. J., & Nixon, B. (2019) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmz017 · Cited by 272
Griñán-Ferré, C., Bellver-Sanchis, A., Izquierdo, V., Corpas, R., Roig-Soriano, J., Chillón, M., Andres-Lacueva, C., Somogyvári, M., Sőti, C., Sanfeliu, C., et al. (2021) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2021.101271 · Cited by 208
Independent and Dependent Contributions of Advanced Maternal and Paternal Ages to Autism Risk
Shelton, J., Tancredi, D. J., & Hertz-Picciotto, I. (2010) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.116 · Cited by 208
“Contradicting both Reichenberg and Lauritsen, an Australian study by Glasson et al. [2004] reported statistically significantly increased adjusted relative risks for ASD and advancing maternal age in analyses that did not include paternal age because, according to the authors, ‘‘it did not emerge’’ as a significant pr…”
BackgroundResultLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the molecular hallmarks of aging
Grammatikakis, I., Panda, A. C., Abdelmohsen, K., & Gorospe, M. (2014) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.100710 · Cited by 222
“Histone modifications The most common epigenetic alterations during aging and senescence include enhanced histone H4K16 acetylation, H4K20 trimethylation and H3K4 trimethylation, and decreased histone H3K9 methylation and H3K27 trimethylation [66, 67, 68, 69].”
BackgroundLee, B., Du, H., & Taylor, H. S. (2009) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod.108.070391 · Cited by 204
“DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification of DNA that has an important role in embryonic development, tumorigenesis, aging, and other diseases [60–62].”
BackgroundZbieć-Piekarska, R., Spólnicka, M., Kupiec, T., Makowska, Ż., Spas, A., Parys-Proszek, A., Kucharczyk, K., Płoski, R., & Branicki, W. (2014) · Forensic Science International Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2014.10.002 · Cited by 243
“[12].”
Chromatin structure as a mediator of aging
Feser, J., & Tyler, J. K. (2010) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2010.11.016 · Cited by 206
“Aging is accompanied by gross changes in DNA methylation, but this will not be discussed further here as this subject has been covered comprehensively in recent reviews [9,10].”
BackgroundGenome-wide screen of promoter methylation identifies novel markers in melanomaPreprint
Koga, Y., Pelizzola, M., Cheng, E., Krauthammer, M. O., Sznol, M., Ariyan, S., Narayan, D., Molinaro, A. M., Halaban, R., & Weissman, S. M. (2009) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.091447.109 · Cited by 197
Barter, M. J., Bui, C., & Young, D. A. (2012) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2011.12.012 · Cited by 188
Bakulski, K. M., Rozek, L. S., Dolinoy, D. C., Paulson, H. L., & Hu, H. (2012) · Current Alzheimer Research · doi:10.2174/156720512800617991 · Cited by 199
“Epigenetic change can be stochastic [95] or internally orchestrated as part of aging [96].”
Backgroundvel Szic, K. S., Declerck, K., Vidaković, M., & Vanden Berghe, W. (2015) · Clinical Epigenetics · doi:10.1186/s13148-015-0068-2 · Cited by 192
“Tissues and cells of aging organisms also show age-associated changes in histone chromatin marks such as increased histone H4 lysine(K)16 acetylation, H4K20 trimethylation, or H3K4 trimethylation, as well as decreased H3K9 methylation [73-75].”
BackgroundD’Agnelli, S., Arendt‐Nielsen, L., Gerra, M. C., Zatorri, K., Boggiani, L., Baciarello, M., & Bignami, E. G. (2018) · Molecular Pain · doi:10.1177/1744806918819944 · Cited by 209
Bock, C., & Lengauer, T. (2007) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btm546 · Cited by 196
“increasing heterogeneity within a cell population and can also contribute to tumor development (Fraga and Esteller, 2007).”
InfluentialAge influences DNA methylation and gene expression of COX7A1 in human skeletal muscle.
Rönn, T., Poulsen, P., Hansson, O., Holmkvist, J., Almgren, P., Nilsson, P., Tuomi, T., Isomaa, B., Groop, L., Vaag, A., et al. (2008) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-008-1018-8 · Cited by 175
“Our findings are supported by previous results showing accumulation of epigenetic alterations with ageing [47–49].”
ResultHarrison, M., & Langley‐Evans, S. C. (2008) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114508057607 · Cited by 171
Epigenetic alterations in autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Ballestar, E. (2011) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2011.16 · Cited by 173
“A potential source of epigenetic deregulation comes from the effects of aging on DNA methylation patterns, which can explain variations and dynamics of epigenetic profiles within and between tissues”
BackgroundAging and reprogramming: a two-way street
Mahmoudi, S., & Brunet, A. (2012) · Current Opinion in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2012.10.004 · Cited by 171
Global heterochromatin loss: a unifying theory of aging?
Tsurumi, A., & Li, W. (2012) · Epigenetics · doi:10.4161/epi.20540 · Cited by 256
McClay, J. L., Åberg, K. A., Clark, S. L., Nerella, S., Kumar, G., Xie, L. Y., Hudson, A. D., Harada, A., Hultman, C. M., Magnusson, P. K. E., et al. (2013) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddt511 · Cited by 165
“Reported age-related changes to DNA methylation have typically included a general loss of methylation, or hypomethylation, across the genome (6,8,9), accompanied by site-specific hypermethylation at several gene promoters (10,11).”
BackgroundRajendrasozhan, S., Yang, S., Edirisinghe, I., Yao, H., Adenuga, D., & Rahman, I. (2008) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2007.1938 · Cited by 160
“SIRT1 binds directly to one or more constituents in the chromatin complex, resulting in structural reorganization, and therefore has the ability to establish silent chromatin domains (24, 79).”
Signaling networks determining life span
Riera, C. E., Merkwirth, C., De Magalhaes Filho, C. D., & Dillin, A. (2016) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-060815-014451 · Cited by 161
“Several well-characterized histone modifications have been associated with aging; these modifications include increased histone H4K16 acetylation, H4K20 trimethylation, or H3K4 trimethylation, and decreased H3K9 methylation or H3K27 trimethylation (135).”
BackgroundA genome-wide CRISPR-based screen identifies KAT7 as a driver of cellular senescence
Wang, W., Zheng, Y., Sun, S., Li, W., Song, M., Ji, Q., Wu, Z., Liu, Z., Fan, Y., Liu, F., et al. (2021) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.abd2655 · Cited by 178
Ageing and longevity in the Decapoda (Crustacea): A review
Vogt, G. (2011) · Zoologischer Anzeiger · doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2011.05.003 · Cited by 160
Delgado-Calle, J., Fernández, A., Sainz, J., Zarrabeitia, M. T., Sañudo, C., García-Renedo, R., Pérez-Núñez, M. I., García-Ibarbia, C., Fraga, M., & Riancho, J. (2013) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.37753 · Cited by 153
“Age-related changes in DNA methylation have been reported, with a general trend toward a decrease in methylation level with aging (48).”
BackgroundSelf-citationDefective Autophagy and Mitophagy in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease
Tran, M., & Reddy, P. H. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.612757 · Cited by 167
“Autophagy is the lysosome-mediated self-degradative process that plays a major role in nutrient balancing and housekeeping by selectively degrading dysfunctional organelles and proteins (Deter and De Duve, 1967; Glick et al., 2010; Parzych and Klionsky, 2014; Pradeepkiran and Reddy, 2020).”
BackgroundNature or nurture: Let food be your epigenetic medicine in chronic inflammatory disorders
Szic, K. S. V., Ndlovu, ’. N., Haegeman, G., & Berghe, W. V. (2010) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2010.07.029 · Cited by 139
“which accumulate during life following exposure to different environmental conditions [6-8].”
BackgroundInfluentialConcordant and discordant DNA methylation signatures of aging in human blood and brain
Farré, P., Jones, M. J., Meaney, M. J., Emberly, E. G., Turecki, G., & Kobor, M. S. (2015) · Epigenetics & Chromatin · doi:10.1186/s13072-015-0011-y · Cited by 155
“Epigenetic aging consists principally of two distinct types of changes, termed ‘epigenetic drift’ and the ‘epigenetic clock’ [21-24].”
BackgroundIdentification of body fluid-specific DNA methylation markers for use in forensic science
Park, J., Kwon, O., Kim, J.-H., Yoo, H., Lee, H., Woo, K., Kim, S., Lee, S. H., & Kim, S. (2014) · Forensic Science International Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2014.07.011 · Cited by 168
“DNA methylation changes during aging [43].”
DAMPs, ageing, and cancer: The ‘DAMP Hypothesis’
Huang, J., Xie, Y., Sun, X., Zeh, H. J., Kang, R., Lotze, M. T., & Tang, D. (2015) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2014.10.004 · Cited by 144
Periyasamy, P., & Shinohara, T. (2017) · Progress in Retinal and Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.08.003 · Cited by 164
“, 2008) has been found in a variety of age-related diseases (Fraga et al., 2005; Fraga and Esteller, 2007), but little information is available on changes in promoter DNA methylation patterns during normal lens aging and ARCs (Palsamy et al.”
Early-Life Stress Reduces DNA Methylation of the Pomc Gene in Male Mice
Wu, Y., Patchev, A. V., Daniel, G., Almeida, O. F. X., & Spengler, D. (2014) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2013-1868 · Cited by 142
Owen, L., & Sünram‐Lea, S. I. (2011) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu3080735 · Cited by 137
“differences in DNA methylation profile have been observed in aged monozygotic twins with a history of non-shared environments [125–127].”
BackgroundDynamic DNA methylation during aging: A "prophet" of age-related outcomes
Xiao, F.-H., Wang, H.-T., & Kong, Q.-P. (2019) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00107 · Cited by 140
Specific Age-Associated DNA Methylation Changes in Human Dermal Fibroblasts
Koch, C., Suschek, C. V., Lin, Q., Bork, S., Goergens, M., Joussen, S., Pallua, N., Ho, A. D., Zenke, M., & Wagner, W. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016679 · Cited by 135
“However, a number of specific loci become hyper-methylated during aging, such as the INK4A/ARF/ INK4b locus, the ribosomal gene cluster, estrogen receptor (ER), runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3), insulin growth factor II (IGF2), E-cadherin, c-fos and others [1,10–13].”
BackgroundHistone Modifications in Senescence-Associated Resistance to Apoptosis by Oxidative Stress
Sanders, Y. Y., Liu, H., Zhang, X., Hecker, L., Bernard, K., Desai, L., Liu, G., & Thannickal, V. J. (2013) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2012.11.004 · Cited by 138
“Chromatin structure is important in regulating gene expression; it is under dynamic changes throughout life span [11].”
BackgroundInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Fraga, M. F., & Esteller, M.
- Affiliations
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Esteller, Manel
- Venue
- Trends in Genetics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-08
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 413-418
- ISSN
- 0168-9525 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1990916340
- Cited by
- 690
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 48 · 2012: 47
- FWCI
- 3.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Keywords
- DNA methylation loss, promoter hypermethylation, tumor suppression genes, Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, Werner syndrome, lamin A/C, sirtuins, cell transformation, lifespan, carcinogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Histones, Humans, Models, Biological, Cellular Senescence, DNA Methylation, Gene Silencing, Epigenesis, Genetic
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