Cited by 192Epigenetics and DNA MethylationNutrition, Genetics, and DiseaseGenetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms

From inflammaging to healthy aging by dietary lifestyle choices: is epigenetics the key to personalized nutrition?

Open access
vel Szic, Katarzyna Szarc, Declerck, Ken, Vidaković, Melita, Vanden Berghe, Wim·2015·Clinical Epigenetics

Abstract

The progressively older population in developed countries is reflected in an increase in the number of people suffering from age-related chronic inflammatory diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, heart and lung diseases, cancer, osteoporosis, arthritis, and dementia. The heterogeneity in biological aging, chronological age, and aging-associated disorders in humans have been ascribed to different genetic and environmental factors (i.e., diet, pollution, stress) that are closely linked to socioeconomic factors. The common denominator of these factors is the inflammatory response. Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation during physiological aging and immunosenescence are intertwined in the pathogenesis of premature aging also defined as 'inflammaging.' The latter has been associated with frailty, morbidity, and mortality in elderly subjects. However, it is unknown to what extent inflammaging or longevity is controlled by epigenetic events in early life. Today, human diet is believed to have a major influence on both the development and prevention of age-related diseases. Most plant-derived dietary phytochemicals and macro- and micronutrients modulate oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling and regulate metabolic pathways and bioenergetics that can be translated into stable epigenetic patterns of gene expression. Therefore, diet interventions designed for healthy aging have become a hot topic in nutritional epigenomic research. Increasing evidence has revealed that complex interactions between food components and histone modifications, DNA methylation, non-coding RNA expression, and chromatin remodeling factors influence the inflammaging phenotype and as such may protect or predispose an individual to many age-related diseases. Remarkably, humans present a broad range of responses to similar dietary challenges due to both genetic and epigenetic modulations of the expression of target proteins and key genes involved in the metabolism and distribution of the dietary constituents. Here, we will summarize the epigenetic actions of dietary components, including phytochemicals, and macro- and micronutrients as well as metabolites, that can attenuate inflammaging. We will discuss the challenges facing personalized nutrition to translate highly variable interindividual epigenetic diet responses to potential individual health benefits/risks related to aging disease.

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Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/s13148-015-0068-2

Cites

343 of 343 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Other procedures such as healthy diets, wine consumption, and flavonoid supplements are able to modify activity of certain genes, and various types of meditation and anti-stress methods are recommended to improve gene expression.

    “Other procedures such as healthy diets, wine consumption, and flavonoid supplements are able to modify activity of certain genes, and various types of mediation and anti-stress methods are recommended to improve gene expression [65,66].”

    From Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data (2018) · cites this paper as [65]

    The review’s “Nutri-epigenomics” section says that food shapes (epi)genome activity and that dietary flavonoids can affect enzymes involved in gene regulation. It does not establish that wine consumption or flavonoid supplements, specifically, modify gene activity. A search for meditation and anti-stress methods found no recommendation to use them to improve gene expression; page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Some age-related changes in gene expression are not permanent and can be reversed.

    “It is now known that some age-related changes in gene expression are not permanent and can be reversed.”

    From Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data (2018) · cites this paper as [65]

    The review’s “Epigenetics and aging” section describes age-associated epigenetic changes and explains that histone modifications affecting transcription can be reversible (page unavailable in our copy). It does not establish that age-related changes in gene expression themselves have been reversed, so the claim goes beyond what the cited passages say. (LLM, conf=0.80)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Regular physical exercise of older humans, as little as 30 minutes daily three times a week, can reset mitochondrial human DNA to a gene expression more like that of a younger person.

    “Studies show that regular physical exercise of older humans, as little as 30 min daily three times a week, can reset mitochondrial human DNA to a gene expression more like that of a younger person.”

    From Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data (2018) · cites this paper as [65]

    The Review (page not available) says exercise alongside diet is expected to improve health, while “Epigenetics and aging” discusses age-related DNA changes. Neither passage reports that exercise three times a week resets mitochondrial DNA or makes older adults’ gene expression resemble that of younger people. Searches for the exercise schedule and younger-like mitochondrial gene expression found no supporting passage in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Relevant between-individual variation in diet-epigenetic responses has yet to be identified.

    “Potential influences of diet on epigenetic changes (e.g., DNA methylation) and subsequent cardiometabolic risk pathways are also of considerable interest,88 but relevant between-individual variation in these diet-epigenetic responses has yet to be identified.”
  • Diet, moderate wine consumption, and meditation have positive effects on gene expression.

    “Other studies showed positive effects of diet, moderate wine consumption, and meditation [14,15].”

    From Skin Regenerative and Anti-Cancer Actions of Copper Peptides (2018) · cites this paper as [15]

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Cites

1 retracted

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [292]Manach C Donovan JL Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of dietary flavonoids in humans Free Radic Res 2004 38 8 771 85 15493450
  2. [298]Rideout TC Harding SV Mackay DS Metabolic and genetic factors modulating subject specific LDL-C responses to plant sterol therapy Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012 90 5 509 14 22506903
  3. [317]Zierath JR Barres RE Nutritional status affects the epigenomic profile of peripheral blood cells Epigenomics 2011 3 3 259 60 22122335

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Authors
vel Szic, K. S., Declerck, K., Vidaković, M., & Vanden Berghe, W.
Affiliations
  • University of Antwerp (BE)
  • University of Belgrade (RS)
Corresponding author
  • Declerck, Ken
  • Vidaković, Melita
Venue
Clinical Epigenetics
Published
2015-03-25
Volume
7
Issue
1
Pages
33-33
ISSN
  • 1868-7075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1868-7083
OpenAlex
W2062149404
Cited by
192
References
343
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 9
FWCI
11.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Clinical Epigenetics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
  • Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja (173020)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
Keywords
inflammaging, healthy aging, epigenetics, personalized nutrition, dietary phytochemicals, macro and micronutrients, DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNA, chromatin remodeling, immunosenescence, dietary metabolites, oxidative stress

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