Cardiovascular disease and diabetes in people with severe mental illness position statement from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), supported by the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

De Hert, M.; Dekker, J.M.; Wood, D.; Kahl, K.G.; Holt, R.I.G.; Möller, H.-J.

doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.01.005

Cited by 951Schizophrenia research and treatmentCardiac Health and Mental HealthDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Cardiovascular disease and diabetes in people with severe mental illness position statement from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), supported by the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

De Hert, M., Dekker, J.M., Wood, D., Kahl, K.G., Holt, R.I.G., Möller, H.-J.·2009·European Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.01.005

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Abstract

People with severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, depression or bipolar disorder, have worse physical health and reduced life expectancy compared to the general population. The excess cardiovascular mortality associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is attributed in part to an increased risk of the modifiable coronary heart disease risk factors; obesity, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. Antipsychotic medication and possibly other psychotropic medication like antidepressants can induce weight gain or worsen other metabolic cardiovascular risk factors. Patients may have limited access to general healthcare with less opportunity for cardiovascular risk screening and prevention than would be expected in a non-psychiatric population. The European Psychiatric Association (EPA), supported by the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published this statement with the aim of improving the care of patients suffering from severe mental illness. The intention is to initiate cooperation and shared care between the different healthcare professionals and to increase the awareness of psychiatrists and primary care physicians caring for patients with severe mental illness to screen and treat cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes.

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Research into the health effects of recession has suggested that consequences will be most severe for the poorest groups in society and will have the most impact where social safety-nets are lacking and public hardship grows rapidly.
“Research into the health effects of recession has suggested that consequences will be most severe for the poorest groups in society and will have the most impact where social safety-nets are lacking and public hardship grows rapidly.64,65”
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The efficacy of multidisciplinary lifestyle interventions in reducing the risk of cardiometabolic-related morbidity in the general population is well established.
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From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness (2019) · cites this paper as [189]
An example of gold-standard lifestyle intervention in the general population is the Diabetes Prevention Program developed and evaluated in the USA.
“An example of gold-standard lifestyle intervention in the general population is the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) developed and evaluated in the USA.189”
From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness (2019) · cites this paper as [189]

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2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias
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Excess mortality, causes of death and life expectancy in 270,770 patients with recent onset of mental disorders in Denmark, Finland and Sweden
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EPA guidance on physical activity as a treatment for severe mental illness: a meta-review of the evidence and Position Statement from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), supported by the International Organization of Physical Therapists in Mental Health (IOPTMH)
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Self-citation
Cardiovascular disease and diabetes in people with severe mental illness
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Maladie cardiovasculaire et diabète chez les personnes atteintes d'une maladie mentale sévère. 1ère partie: Epidémiologie et influence des médicaments psychotropes
Scheen, A. J., Gillain, B., & De Hert, M. (2010) · Lirias
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Enfermedad cardiovascular y diabetes en personas con enfermedad mental grave
Hert, M. D., Dekker, J. M., Wood, D. A., Kahl, K. G., & Möller, H. (2009) · Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental · doi:10.1016/s1888-9891(09)70714-1 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: De Hert, M., Dekker, J. M., Wood, D., Kahl, K. G., Holt, R. I. G., & Möller, H.-J.
Affiliations: KU Leuven (BE)
Imperial College London (GB)
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (DE)
University of Southampton (GB)
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
ORCID: Wood, D.
Holt, R.I.G.
Venue: European Psychiatry
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 2009-09
Volume: 24
Issue: 6
Pages: 412-424
ISSN: 0924-9338 (ISSN-L)
1778-3585
DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.01.005
OpenAlex: W2154493342
Cited by: 951
References: 152
Citations by year: 2026: 27 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 59 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 69 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 71 · 2013: 66 · 2012: 65
FWCI: 42.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 3880 d)
Locations: European Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
Lirias (submittedVersion)
Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Bristol-Myers Squibb
European Society of Cardiology
European Association for the Study of Diabetes
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: severe mental illness, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, cardiovascular risk factors, antipsychotic-induced weight gain, psychotropic drugs, cardiovascular risk screening, cardiovascular disease prevention, shared care, life expectancy, coronary artery disease
MeSH terms: Bipolar Disorder, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cause of Death, Cross-Sectional Studies, Major Depressive Disorder, Diabetes Mellitus, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Mass Screening, Obesity, Psychotic Disorders, Psychotropic Drugs, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Societies, Medical, Comorbidity, Practice Guidelines as Topic

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Cardiovascular disease and diabetes in people with severe mental illness position statement from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), supported by the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

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