Genetic approaches to understanding post-traumatic stress disorder

Almli, Lynn M.; Fani, Negar; Smith, Alicia K.; Ressler, Kerry J.

doi:10.1017/s1461145713001090

Cited by 124Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorGenetic Associations and Epidemiology

Genetic approaches to understanding post-traumatic stress disorder

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Almli, Lynn M., Fani, Negar, Smith, Alicia K., Ressler, Kerry J.·2014·The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

DOI 10.1017/s1461145713001090PMC PMC4293029

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Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is increasingly recognized as both a disorder of enormous mental health and societal burden, but also as an anxiety disorder that may be particularly understandable from a scientific perspective. Specifically, PTSD can be conceptualized as a disorder of fear and stress dysregulation, and the neural circuitry underlying these pathways in both animals and humans are becoming increasingly well understood. Furthermore, PTSD is the only disorder in psychiatry in which the initiating factor, the trauma exposure, can be identified. Thus, the pathophysiology of the fear and stress response underlying PTSD can be examined and potentially interrupted. Twin studies have shown that the development of PTSD following a trauma is heritable, and that genetic risk factors may account for up to 30-40% of this heritability. A current goal is to understand the gene pathways that are associated with PTSD, and how those genes act on the fear/stress circuitry to mediate risk vs. resilience for PTSD. This review will examine gene pathways that have recently been analysed, primarily through candidate gene studies (including neuroimaging studies of candidate genes), in addition to genome-wide associations and the epigenetic regulation of PTSD. Future and on-going studies are utilizing larger and collaborative cohorts to identify novel gene candidates through genome-wide association and other powerful genomic approaches. Identification of PTSD biological pathways strengthens the hope of progress in the mechanistic understanding of a model psychiatric disorder and allows for the development of targeted treatments and interventions.

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GWAS data have been used to identify novel gene pathways involved in the mechanisms underlying complex disorders such as PTSD.
“More recently, GWAS data, which is obtained when expression levels of the whole genome are analyzed in the context of PTSD, have been used to identify novel gene pathways involved in the mechanisms underlying complex disorders such as PTSD [see Ref. (54) for a review].”
From Conditioned fear associated phenotypes as robust, translational indices of trauma-, stressor-, and anxiety-related behaviors (2014) · cites this paper as [54]

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Domschke K Dannlowski U Hohoff C Ohrmann P Bauer J Kugel H Zwanzger P Heindel W Deckert J Arolt V Suslow T Baune BT Neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene: impact on emotional processing and treatment response in anxious depression. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2010b 20 301 309 19854625

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Authors: Almli, L. M., Fani, N., Smith, A. K., & Ressler, K. J.
Affiliations: Emory University (US)
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
ORCID: Almli, Lynn M.
Fani, Negar
Smith, Alicia K.
Ressler, Kerry J.
Venue: The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2013-10-08
Volume: 17
Issue: 02
Pages: 355-370
ISSN: 1461-1457 (ISSN-L)
1469-5111
DOI: 10.1017/s1461145713001090
PMC: PMC4293029
OpenAlex: W2154629684
Cited by: 124
References: 191
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 1.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Emory University
National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000454)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH 071537, K01MH085806, MH095456, R01MH096764, R01MH071537, F32MH095456, MH085806, MH096764, R56MH071537)
National Center for Research Resources (M01-RR00039, M01RR000039)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, genetic risk factors, heritability, candidate gene association, genome-wide association study, epigenetic regulation, trauma exposure, resilience, neural circuits, anxiety disorders
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Comprehension, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Association Studies

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Genetic approaches to understanding post-traumatic stress disorder

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