Human very low density lipoprotein apolipoprotein E isoprotein polymorphism is explained by genetic variation and posttranslational modification
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHuman very low density lipoprotein apolipoprotein E isoprotein polymorphism is explained by genetic variation and posttranslational modificationVassilis I. Zannis and Jan L. BreslowCite this: Biochemistry 1981, 20, 4, 1033–1041Publication Date (Print):February 17, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 17 February 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00507a059Request reuse permissionsArticle Views373Altmetric-Citations400LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (4 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The complex isoelectric focusing pattern of apo E results from posttranslational desialylation superimposed on genetic polymorphism.
“The complex isoelectric focusing pattern exhibited by apo E results from posttranslational desialylation superimposed on genetic polymorphism (45,46).”
From Apolipoprotein E2-Christchurch (136 Arg----Ser). New variant of human apolipoprotein E in a patient with type III hyperlipoproteinemia. (1987) · cites this paper as [45]
Apo E3 is the most common form in the population and is regarded as the parent or normal isoform.
“As apo E3 is the most common form in the population (28, 45, 47), it is regarded as the parent (24) or normal isoform (48).”
From Apolipoprotein E2-Christchurch (136 Arg----Ser). New variant of human apolipoprotein E in a patient with type III hyperlipoproteinemia. (1987) · cites this paper as [45]
APOE2 homozygosity can lead to Hyperlipoproteinemia type III (HLP), characterized by mixed hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia.
“The critical role of APOE in lipid metabolism is underscored by evidence showing that APOE2 homozygosity can lead to Hyperlipoproteinemia type III (HLP), characterized by mixed hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia [35–39].”
APOE2hAβ rats are characterized as a model for type III HLP.
“This observation, coupled with evident mixed hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, supports the characterization of APOE2hAβ rats as a model for type III HLP”
There are three common APOE alleles (E2, E3, and E4), each encoding APOE isoforms expressed primarily in the liver and brain.
“There are three common APOE alleles (E2, E3, and E4), each encoding APOE isoforms expressed primarily in the liver and brain.7,8”
From AAVrh.10-Mediated APOE2 Central Nervous System Gene Therapy for APOE4-Associated Alzheimer's Disease (2018) · cites this paper as [8]
Human apoE has three isoforms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, corresponding to three common alleles, ε2, ε3, and ε4, defined by two exonic SNPs, rs429358/ε4 and rs7412/ε2, in APOE.
“Human apoE has three isoforms: apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4.Genetically, these isoforms correspond to three common alleles, ε2, ε3, and ε4, defined by two exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs429358/ε4, rs7412/ε2) in APOE [13,29].”
From Plasma levels of apolipoprotein E, APOE genotype and risk of dementia and ischemic heart disease: A review (2016) · cites this paper as [29]
The introduction of additional basic residues in apoE ɛ3 and apoE ɛ4 results in a shift in the isoelectric point of the proteins and was the basis of their nomenclature.
“The introductionof the additional basic residues in apoE ɛ3 and apoE ɛ4 results in a shift in the isoelectric point of the proteins and was the basis of their nomenclature [4, 5].”
From Discovery of a Missense Mutation (Q222K) of the <i>APOE</i> Gene from the Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle Study (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
The mutation to arginine in apoE ɛ3 and ɛ4 produces one or two additional positive charges relative to apoE ɛ2 at biological pH.
“The mutation to arginine produces one or two additional positive charges relative to apoE ɛ2, at biological pH.”
From Discovery of a Missense Mutation (Q222K) of the <i>APOE</i> Gene from the Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle Study (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Cites
High resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins.
O’Farrell, P. H. (1975) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41496-8 · Cited by 19,248 · see citing works
Weber, K., & Osborn, M. (1969) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)94333-4 · Cited by 16,688 · see citing works
DISC ELECTROPHORESIS – II METHOD AND APPLICATION TO HUMAN SERUM PROTEINS *
Davis, B. J. (1964) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1964.tb14213.x · Cited by 16,129 · see citing works
Cleveland, D. W., Fischer, S. G., Kirschner, M. W., & Laemmli, U. K. (1977) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)75212-0 · Cited by 5,556 · see citing works
Molecular weight estimation of polypeptide chains by electrophoresis in SDS-polyacrylamide gels
Shapiro, A. L., Viñuela, E., & Maizel, J. V. (1967) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(67)90391-9 · Cited by 3,775 · see citing works
Analysis of bacteriophage T7 early RNAs and proteins on slab gels
Studier, F. W. (1973) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(73)90003-x · Cited by 2,215 · see citing works
Atherogenesis: a postprandial phenomenon.
Zilversmit, D. B. (1979) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.60.3.473 · Cited by 1,701 · see citing works
Elder, J. H., Pickett, R. A., Hampton, J., & Lerner, R. A. (1977) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)39987-8 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Polymorphism of apolipoprotein E and occurrence of dysbetalipoproteinaemia in man
UTERMANN, G., HEES, M., & STEINMETZ, A. (1977) · Nature · doi:10.1038/269604a0 · Cited by 666 · see citing works
Innerarity, T. L., & Mahley, R. W. (1978) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00601a013 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Sherrill, B. C., Innerarity, T. L., & Mahley, R. W. (1980) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)85951-3 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Polymorphism of apolipoprotein E
Utermann, G., Vogelberg, K. H., Steinmetz, A., Schoenborn, W., Pruin, N., Jaeschke, M., Hees, M. T. I. W. S.-V., & Canzler, H. (1979) · Clinical Genetics · doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1979.tb02027.x · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Mahley, R. W., Innerarity, T. L., Pitas, R. E., Weisgraber, K. H., Brown, J. H., & Gross, E. (1977) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)66966-8 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Shore, V. G., & SHORE, B. (1973) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00727a022 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Utermann, G., Jaeschke, M., & Menzel, J. (1975) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(75)81125-2 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Alterations of the plasma lipoproteins and apoproteins following cholesterol feeding in the rat
Mahley, R. W., & Holcombe, K. S. (1977) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)41681-5 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Fenner, C., Traut, R. R., Mason, D. T., & Wikman‐Coffelt, J. (1975) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0003-2697(75)90386-3 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Innerarity, T. L., Pitas, R. E., & Mahley, R. W. (1979) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50713-4 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Smoking and Myocardial Infarction
FRANK, M. J. (1977) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-86-4-509_1 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Mahley, R. W., Weisgraber, K. H., Innerarity, T. L., Brewer, H. B., & Assmann, G. (1975) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00684a005 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Disturbances in Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism.
(1978) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-89-5-730_2 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Canine Lipoproteins and Atherosclerosis
Mahley, R. W., Weisgraber, K. H., & Innerarity, T. L. (1974) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.35.5.722 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Pagnan, A., Havel, R. J., Kane, J. P., & Kotite, L. (1977) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)41603-7 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Havel, R. J., & Kane, J. P. (1973) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.70.7.2015 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Shore, V. G., SHORE, B., & Hart, R. G. (1974) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00705a004 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Weisgraber, K. H., & Mahley, R. W. (1978) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)34612-4 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Polymorphism of Apolipoprotein E
Utermann, G. (1980) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-6071-4_131 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
The Interaction of Heparin with an Apoprotein of Human Very Low Density Lipoprotein
Shelburne, F. A., & Quarfordt, S. H. (1977) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci108849 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia: An Analysis of Two Contemporary Definitions
Fredrickson, D. S., MORGANROTH, J., & LEVY, R. I. (1975) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-82-2-150 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Determination of human apolipoprotein e by electroimmunoassay
Curry, M. D., McConathy, W. J., Alaupovic, P., Ledford, J. H., & Popovic, M. (1976) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure · doi:10.1016/0005-2795(76)90078-7 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Hazzard, W. R., Porte, D., & Bierman, E. L. (1972) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(72)90031-5 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Mahley, R. W., & Innerarity, T. L. (1977) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)40346-2 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Innerarity, T. L., Mahley, R. W., Weisgraber, K. H., & Bersot, T. P. (1978) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)34613-6 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Zannis, V. I., & Breslow, J. L. (1980) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)85939-2 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationA New Apoprotein of Human Plasma Very Low Density Lipoproteins
Shelburne, F. A., & Quarfordt, S. H. (1974) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)42899-8 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Secretion of Cholesterol-Rich Lipoproteins by Perfused Livers of Hypercholesterolemic Rats
Noël, S. P., Wong, L., Dolphin, P. J., Dory, L., & Rubinstein, D. (1979) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci109508 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Atherogenic hyperlipoproteinemia induced by cholesterol feeding in the Patas monkey
Mahley, R. W., Weisgraber, K. H., & Innerarity, T. L. (1976) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00659a007 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Zannis, V. I., Doyle, D., & Martin, D. W. (1978) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)38238-8 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationSialic‐Acid Content of Low‐Density Lipoproteins Controls Their Binding and Uptake by Cultured Cells
Filipović, I., Schwarzmann, G. O. H., Wilfried, M. R. A. Z., Wiegandt, H., & Buddecke, E. (1979) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb12793.x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Cabib, E., Ulane, R. E., & Bowers, B. (1973) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)44320-2 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Marcel, Y. L., Bergseth, M., & Nestruck, A. C. (1979) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0005-2760(79)90184-x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Kushwaha, R. S., & Hazzard, W. R. (1978) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0005-2760(78)90192-3 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia: Diagnosis in Whole Plasma by Apolipoprotein-E Immunoassay
Kushwaha, R. S., HAZZARD, W. R., WAHL, P. W., & HOOVER, J. J. (1977) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-87-5-509 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Attie, A., Weinstein, D. B., Freeze, H. H., Pittman, R. C., & Steinberg, D. H. (1979) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj1800647 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Rudel, L. L., Shah, R., & Greene, D. G. (1979) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)40651-0 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
A longitudinal assessment of lipid ratios in the diagnosis of type III hyperlipoproteinaemia
Mishkel, M. A., Nazir, D. J., & Crowther, S. M. (1975) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0009-8981(75)80004-0 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
The carbohydrate content of apoliprotein E from human very low density lipoproteins
Jain, R. S., & Quarfordt, S. H. (1979) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(79)90397-7 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Studies on the metabolic defect in Broad‐ß disease (hyperlipoproteinaemia type III)
Utermann, G., Canzler, H., Hees, M. T. I. W. S.-V., Jaeschke, M., Mühlfellner, G., Schoenborn, W., & Vogelberg, K. H. (1977) · Clinical Genetics · doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1977.tb00917.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Breslow, J. L., Lothrop, D. A., Clowes, A. W., & Lux, S. E. (1977) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)40519-9 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationThe levels of apolipoprotein-E in hypercholesteroiemic rat serum
Wong, L., & Rubinstein, D. (1978) · Canadian Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1139/o78-028 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Utermann, G., Weber, W. T., & Beisiegel, U. (1979) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(79)81286-7 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Apolipoprotein E: Cholesterol Transport Protein with Expanding Role in Cell Biology
Mahley, R. W. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3283935 · Cited by 4,028 · see citing works
Restriction isotyping of human apolipoprotein E by gene amplification and cleavage with HhaI.
Hixson, J., & Vernier, D. (1990) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)43176-1 · Cited by 2,933 · see citing works
Plump, A. S., Smith, J. D., Hayek, T., Aalto-Setälä, K., Walsh, A., Verstuyft, J. G., Rubin, E. M., & Breslow, J. L. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90362-g · Cited by 2,263 · see citing works
Self-citationApolipoprotein E polymorphism and atherosclerosis.
Davignon, J., Gregg, R. E., & Sing, C. F. (1988) · Arteriosclerosis: An Official Journal of the American Heart Association, Inc. · doi:10.1161/01.atv.8.1.1 · Cited by 1,981 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E: Far More Than a Lipid Transport Protein
Mahley, R. W., & Rall, S. C. (2000) · Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genom.1.1.507 · Cited by 1,836 · see citing works
Plasma lipoproteins: apolipoprotein structure and function.
Mahley, R. W., Innerarity, T. L., Rall, S. C., & Weisgraber, K. H. (1984) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)34443-6 · Cited by 1,155 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E: Structure-Function Relationships
Weisgraber, K. H. (1994) · Advances in Protein Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0065-3233(08)60642-7 · Cited by 830 · see citing works
Weisgraber, K. H., Rall, S. C., & Mahley, R. W. (1981) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)52510-8 · Cited by 777 · see citing works
Human apolipoprotein E. The complete amino acid sequence
Rall, S. C., Weisgraber, K. H., & Mahley, R. W. (1982) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34702-1 · Cited by 741 · see citing works
(1985) · PubMed · Cited by 706 · see citing works
Weisgraber, K. H., Innerarity, T. L., & Mahley, R. W. (1982) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34954-8 · Cited by 673 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E in animal models of CNS injury and in alzheimer's disease
Poirier, J. (1994) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(94)90156-2 · Cited by 637 · see citing works
ApoE and Aβ in Alzheimer’s Disease: Accidental Encounters or Partners?
Kanekiyo, T., Xu, H., & Bu, G. (2014) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.01.045 · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Lipoprotein receptors in the liver. Control signals for plasma cholesterol traffic.
Brown, M. S., & Goldstein, J. L. (1983) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci111044 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
Proposed nomenclature of apoE isoproteins, apoE genotypes, and phenotypes
Zannis, V. I., Breslow, J. L., Utermann, G., Mahley, R. W., Weisgraber, K. H., Havel, R. J., Goldstein, J. L., Brown, M. S., Schonfeld, G., Hazzard, W. R., et al. (1982) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38094-9 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Self-citationDietary fat clearance in normal subjects is regulated by genetic variation in apolipoprotein E.
Weintraub, M. S., Eisenberg, S., & Breslow, J. L. (1987) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci113243 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Self-citationEhnholm, C., Lukka, M., Kuusi, T., Nikkilä, E. A., & Utermann, G. (1987) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38833-7 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Intestinal cholesterol absorption efficiency in man is related to apoprotein E phenotype.
Kesäniemi, Y. A., Ehnholm, C., & Miettinen, T. A. (1987) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci113107 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Mahley, R. W., & Huang, Y. (1999) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/00041433-199906000-00003 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Isolation, characterization, and mapping to chromosome 19 of the human apolipoprotein E gene.
Das, H. K., McPherson, J. D., Bruns, G. A. P., Karathanasis, S. K., & Breslow, J. L. (1985) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)88963-3 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Self-citationApolipoprotein E: an important gene and protein to follow in laboratory medicine
Siest, G., Pillot, T., Régis-Bailly, A., Leininger-Muller, B., Steinmetz, J., Galteau, M. M., & Visvikis, S. (1995) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/41.8.1068 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Abnormal in vivo metabolism of apolipoprotein E4 in humans.
Gregg, R. E., Zech, L. A., Schaefer, E. J., Stark, D., Wilson, D., & Brewer, H. B. (1986) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112645 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Rall, S. C., Weisgraber, K. H., Innerarity, T. L., & Mahley, R. W. (1982) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.79.15.4696 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and coronary artery disease.
Menzel, H. J., Kladetzky, R. G., & Assmann, G. (1983) · Arteriosclerosis An Official Journal of the American Heart Association Inc · doi:10.1161/01.atv.3.4.310 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Brioni, J. D., Esbenshade, T. A., Garrison, T. R., Bitner, S. R., & Cowart, M. (2010) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.110.166876 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E: From lipid transport to neurobiology
Hauser, P. S., Narayanaswami, V., & Ryan, R. O. (2011) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2010.09.001 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Gerdes, L. U., Klausen, I. C., Sihm, I., Færgeman, O., & Vogler, G. P. (1992) · Genetic Epidemiology · doi:10.1002/gepi.1370090302 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Familial apolipoprotein E deficiency.
Schaefer, E. J., Gregg, R. E., Ghiselli, G., Forte, T. M., Ordovas, J. M., Zech, L. A., & Brewer, H. B. (1986) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112704 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Genotyping and sequence analysis of apolipoprotein E isoforms*1
EMI, M. (1988) · Genomics · doi:10.1016/0888-7543(88)90130-9 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Mouse macrophages synthesize and secrete a protein resembling apolipoprotein E.
Basu, S. K., Brown, M. S., Ho, Y. K., Havel, R. J., & Goldstein, J. L. (1981) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.78.12.7545 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Basu, S., Ho, Y. K., Brown, M. S., Bilheimer, D. W., Anderson, R., & Goldstein, J. L. (1982) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34141-3 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Hixson, J. E. (1991) · Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis A Journal of Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.11.5.1237 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
The use of measured genotype information in the analysis of quantitative phenotypes in man.
Boerwinkle, E., & Sing, C. F. (1987) · Annals of Human Genetics · doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1987.tb00874.x · Cited by 277 · see citing works
The receptor-binding domain of human apolipoprotein E. Binding of apolipoprotein E fragments.
Innerarity, T. L., Friedlander, E. J., Rall, S. C., Weisgraber, K. H., & Mahley, R. W. (1983) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)44180-9 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
TOKUDA, T., CALERO, M., MATSUBARA, E., VIDAL, R., KUMAR, A., PERMANNE, B., ZLOKOVIC, B., SMITH, J. D., LADU, M. J., ROSTAGNO, A., et al. (2000) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj3480359 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Kraft, H. G., Menzel, H., Hoppichler, F., Vogel, W., & Utermann, G. (1989) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci113849 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
A rapid micromethod for apolipoprotein E phenotyping directly in serum
Havekes, L. M., de Knijff, P., Beisiegel†, U., HAVINGA, J. R., de Smit, M. H., & Klasen, E. C. (1987) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38697-1 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Sando, S. B., Melquist, S., Cannon, A., Hutton, M. L., Sletvold, O., Saltvedt, I., White, L. R., Lydersen, S., & Aasly, J. O. (2008) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/1471-2377-8-9 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Characterization of the major apolipoproteins secreted by two human hepatoma cell lines
Zannis, V. I., Breslow, J. L., Sangiacomo, T. R., Aden, D. P., & Knowles, B. B. (1981) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00528a006 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Self-citationSchneider, W. J., Kovanen, P. T., Brown, M. S., Goldstein, J. L., Utermann, G., Weber, W., Havel, R. J., Kotite, L., Kane, J. P., Innerarity, T. L., et al. (1981) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci110330 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Huang, Y., Weisgraber, K. H., Mucke, L., & Mahley, R. W. (2004) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1385/jmn:23:3:189 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Human apolipoprotein E. Determination of the heparin binding sites of apolipoprotein E3.
Weisgraber, K. H., Rall, S. C., Mahley, R. W., Milne, R. W., Marcel, Y. L., & Sparrow, J. T. (1986) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)35898-2 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Ordovas, J. M., Litwack-Klein, L., Wilson, P. W., Schaefer, M. M., & Schaefer, E. J. (1987) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38690-9 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E phenotypes and hyperlipidemia
Utermann, G., Kindermann, I., Kaffarnik, H., & Steinmetz, A. (1984) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/bf00286508 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E synthesis in human kidney, adrenal gland, and liver
Blue, M. L., Williams, D. L., Zucker, S., Khan, S. A., & Blum, C. B. (1983) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.80.1.283 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia: Diagnosis, Molecular Defects, Pathology, and Treatment
BREWER, H. B., ZECH, L. A., GREGG, R. E., SCHWARTZ, D., & SCHAEFER, E. J. (1983) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-98-5-623 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Laws, S. M., Hone, E., Gandy, S., & Martins, R. N. (2003) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01615.x · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Genetic factors affecting blood lipoproteins: the candidate gene approach.
Lusis, A. J. (1988) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38516-3 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Simonet, W. S., Bucay, N., Lauer, S., & Taylor, J. M. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53085-4 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Genetics of Alzheimer’s Disease
Chouraki, V. A., & Seshadri, S. S. (2014) · Advances in genetics · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800149-3.00005-6 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Sethi, S. M., Gamez, J. D., Vrana, J. A., Theis, J. D., Bergen, H. R., Zipfel, P. F., Doǧan, A., & Smith, R. J. (2009) · Kidney International · doi:10.1038/ki.2008.657 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Schaefer, E. J., Lamon‐Fava, S., Johnson, S., Ordovás, J. M., Schaefer, M. M., Castelli, W. P., & Wilson, P. W. (1994) · Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis A Journal of Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.14.7.1105 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Boerwinkle, E., Visvikis‐Siest, S., Welsh, D., Steinmetz, J., Hanash, S., Sing, C. F., Opitz, J. M., & Reynolds, J. F. (1987) · American Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320270310 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Synthesis, intracellular processing, and signal peptide of human apolipoprotein E.
Zannis, V. I., McPherson, J. D., Goldberger, G., Karathanasis, S. K., & Breslow, J. L. (1984) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)91039-2 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Self-citationDevassy, J. G., Leng, S., Gabbs, M., Monirujjaman, M., & Aukema, H. M. (2016) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.3945/an.116.012187 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Innerarity, T. L., Weisgraber, K. H., Arnold, K. S., Rall, S. C., & Mahley, R. W. (1984) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)39866-6 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Bouthillier, D., Sing, C. F., & Davignon, J. (1983) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)37920-7 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E phenotyping from serum by Western blotting
Menzel, H., & Utermann, G. (1986) · Electrophoresis · doi:10.1002/elps.1150071103 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
AAVrh.10-Mediated APOE2 Central Nervous System Gene Therapy for APOE4-Associated Alzheimer's Disease
Rosenberg, J. B., Kaplitt, M. G., De, B. P., Chen, A., Flagiello, T., Salami, C., Pey, E., Zhao, L., Ricart Arbona, R. J., Monette, S., et al. (2018) · Human Gene Therapy Clinical Development · doi:10.1089/humc.2017.231 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
HDL biogenesis and functions: Role of HDL quality and quantity in atherosclerosis
Tsompanidi, E. M., Brinkmeier, M. S., Fotiadou, E. H., Giakoumi, S. M., & Kypreos, K. E. (2009) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.05.034 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's disease
Troutwine, B., Hamid, L., Lysaker, C. R., Strope, T. A., & Wilkins, H. (2021) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2021.10.002 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Buckley, M. M.-T., Goa, K. L., Price, A. H., & Brogden, R. N. (1989) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/00003495-198937060-00002 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Zannis, V. I., Kurnit, D. M., & Breslow, J. L. (1982) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68397-3 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Self-citationWardell, M. R., Brennan, S. O., Janus, E. D., Fraser, R., & Carrell, R. W. (1987) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci113096 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Rees, A., Stocks, J., Sharpe, C. R., Vella, M. A., Shoulders, C. C., Katz, J., Jowett, N. I., Baralle, F. E., & Galton, D. J. (1985) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112062 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Ancsin, J. B. (2003) · Amyloid · doi:10.3109/13506120309041728 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
[13] Isolation and characterization of apolipoprotein E
Rall, S. C., Weisgraber, K. H., & Mahley, R. W. (1986) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/0076-6879(86)28073-8 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
The role of apolipoprotein E genetic variants in lipoprotein disorders.
RALL, S. C., & MAHLEY, R. W. (1992) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb01254.x · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Human apolipoprotein E mRNA. cDNA cloning and nucleotide sequencing of a new variant.
McLean, J. W., Elshourbagy, N. A., Chang, D. J., Mahley, R. W., & Taylor, J. M. (1984) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(20)82169-3 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Glycosylation of Human Apolipoprotein E
Wernette-Hammond, M. E., Lauer, S. J., Corsini, A., Walker, D., Taylor, J. M., & Rall, S. C. (1989) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)81907-x · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Utermann, G., Steinmetz, A., & Weber, W. (1982) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/bf00569216 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Demant, T., Bedford, D., Packard, C. J., & Shepherd, J. (1991) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci115459 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Genetic factors controlling structure and expression of apolipoproteins B and E in mice.
Lusis, A. J., Taylor, B. A., Quon, D., Zollman, S., & LeBoeuf, R. C. (1987) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)47607-7 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Eggertsen, G., Tegelman, R., Ericsson, S., Angelin, B., & Berglund, L. (1993) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/39.10.2125 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Xhignesse, M., Lussier‐Cacan, S., Sing, C. F., Kessling, A. M., & Davignon, J. (1991) · Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis A Journal of Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.11.4.1100 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia: New Aspects of Pathogenesis and Diagnosis
Havel, R. J. (1982) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0025-7125(16)31429-8 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Grehan, S., Tse, E., & Taylor, J. M. (2001) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-03-00812.2001 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Ehnholm, C., Mahley, R. W., Chappell, D. A., Weisgraber, K. H., Ludwig, E. H., & Witztum, J. L. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.17.5566 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Ji, Z.-S., Pitas, R. E., & Mahley, R. W. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.22.13452 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Lusis, A. J., Taylor, B. A., Wangenstein, R. W., & LeBoeuf, R. C. (1983) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)32539-0 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E polymorphism influences the serum cholesterol response to dietary intervention
Mänttäri, M., Koskinen, P., Ehnholm, C., Huttunen, J. K., & Manninen, V. (1991) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(91)90179-z · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Studies of familial type III hyperlipoproteinemia using as a genetic marker the apoE phenotype E2/2
Breslow, J. L., Zannis, V. I., SanGiacomo, T. R., Third, J. L., Tracy, T., & Glueck, C. J. (1982) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38060-3 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Self-citationIsolation and characterization of the two major apoproteins in human lipoprotein [a].
Gaubatz, J. W., Chari, M. V., Nava, M. L., Guyton, J. R., & Morrisett, J. D. (1986) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38724-1 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
GENETICS OF LIPOPROTEIN ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY
Breslow, J. L. (2000) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.34.1.233 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citationCun, W., Jiang, J., & Luo, G. G. (2010) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01021-10 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Smit, M., de Knijff, P., Rosseneu, M., Bury, J., Klasen, E., Frants, R., & Havekes, L. (1988) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/bf01790099 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Rasmussen, K. L. (2016) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.10.037 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Kaprio, J., Ferrell, R. E., Kottke, B. A., Kamboh, M. I., & Sing, C. F. (1991) · Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis: A Journal of Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.11.5.1330 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Carmena, R., Roederer, G. O., Mailloux, H., Lussier‐Cacan, S., & Davignon, J. (1993) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(93)90066-w · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Belle, M. L., & Krauss, R. M. (1990) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)42342-9 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Smith, J. D., Melián, A., Leff, T., & Breslow, J. L. (1988) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)68477-7 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationSuperko, H. R., & Krauss, R. M. (2000) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(99)90541-7 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Eto, M., Watanabe, K., & Ishii, K. (1986) · Clinical Genetics · doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1986.tb00547.x · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Weisgraber, K. H., Rall, S. C., Innerarity, T. L., Mahley, R. W., Kuusi, T., & Ehnholm, C. (1984) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci111287 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Human apolipoprotein A-I--C-III gene complex is located on chromosome 11.
Bruns, G. A. P., Karathanasis, S. K., & Breslow, J. L. (1984) · Arteriosclerosis An Official Journal of the American Heart Association Inc · doi:10.1161/01.atv.4.2.97 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Self-citationIncreased prevalence of apolipoprotein E4 in type V hyperlipoproteinemia.
Ghiselli, G., Schaefer, E. J., Zech, L. A., Gregg, R. E., & Brewer, H. B. (1982) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci110638 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Nishiwaki, M., Ishikawa, T., Ito, T., Shige, H., Tomiyasu, K., Nakajima, K., Kondo, K. N., Hashimoto, H., Saitoh, K., Manabe, M., et al. (1994) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/0021-9150(94)90195-3 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Rall, S. C., Weisgraber, K. H., Innerarity, T. L., Bersot, T. P., Mahley, R. W., & Blum, C. B. (1983) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci111085 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Remnants of lipoproteins of intestinal and hepatic origin in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia.
Kane, J. P., Chen, G. C., Hamilton, R. L., Hardman, D. A., Malloy, M. J., & Havel, R. J. (1983) · Arteriosclerosis: An Official Journal of the American Heart Association, Inc. · doi:10.1161/01.atv.3.1.47 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E synthesis in peripheral tissues of nonhuman primates.
Williams, D. L., Dawson, P. A., Newman, T. C., & Rudel, L. L. (1985) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)89574-6 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
- Authors
- Zannis, V. I., & Breslow, J. L.
- Venue
- Biochemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 1981-02-17
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1033-1041
- ISSN
- 0006-2960 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-4995
- OpenAlex
- W2029007538
- Cited by
- 563
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 59.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Keywords
- apolipoprotein E, VLDL, genetic variation, post-translational modification, protein isoforms
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Apolipoproteins, Apolipoproteins E, Child, Clostridium perfringens, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Female, Humans, Hyperlipoproteinemias, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Male, Molecular Weight, Neuraminidase
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
