Cited by 632Microplastics and Plastic PollutionEnvironmental Toxicology and EcotoxicologyNanoparticles: synthesis and applications

Accumulation and Embryotoxicity of Polystyrene Nanoparticles at Early Stage of Development of Sea Urchin Embryos Paracentrotus lividus

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Della Torre, C., Bergami, E., Salvati, A., Faleri, C., Cirino, P., Dawson, K. A., Corsi, I.·2014·Environmental Science & Technology

Abstract

Nanoplastic debris, resulted from runoff and weathering breakdown of macro- and microplastics, represents an emerging concern for marine ecosystems. The aim of the present study was to investigate disposition and toxicity of polystyrene nanoparticles (NPs) in early development of sea urchin embryos (Paracentrotus lividus). NPs with two different surface charges where chosen, carboxylated (PS-COOH) and amine (PS-NH2) polystyrene, the latter being a less common variant, known to induce cell death in several in vitro cell systems. NPs stability in natural seawater (NSW) was measured while disposition and embryotoxicity were monitored within 48 h of postfertilization (hpf). Modulation of genes involved in cellular stress response (cas8, 14-3-3ε, p-38 MAPK, Abcb1, Abcc5) was investigated. PS-COOH forms microaggregates (PDI > 0.4) in NSW, whereas PS-NH2 results are better dispersed (89 ± 2 nm) initially, though they also aggregated partially with time. Their respectively anionic and cationic nature was confirmed by ζ-potential measurements. No embryotoxicity was observed for PS-COOH up to 50 μg mL(-1) whereas PS-NH2 caused severe developmental defects (EC50 3.85 μg mL(-1) 24 hpf and EC50 2.61 μg mL(-1) 48 hpf). PS-COOH accumulated inside embryo's digestive tract while PS-NH2 were more dispersed. Abcb1 gene resulted up-regulated at 48 hpf by PS-COOH whereas PS-NH2 induced cas8 gene at 24 hpf, suggesting an apoptotic pathway. In line with the results obtained with the same PS NPs in several human cell lines, also in sea urchin embryos, differences in surface charges and aggregation in seawater strongly affect their embryotoxicity.

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Crossref · 10.1021/es502569w

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Authors
Della Torre, C., Bergami, E., Salvati, A., Faleri, C., Cirino, P., Dawson, K. A., & Corsi, I.
Affiliations
  • Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
  • University of Siena (IT)
  • University College Dublin (IE)
  • Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (IT)
Corresponding author
Corsi, I.
Venue
Environmental Science & Technology
Published
2014-10-08
Volume
48
Issue
20
Pages
12302-12311
ISSN
  • 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-5851
OpenAlex
W1970219892
Cited by
632
References
88
Citations by year
2026: 30 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 68 · 2022: 80 · 2021: 96 · 2020: 87 · 2019: 79 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 1
FWCI
11.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Use Siena air (University of Siena) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
Keywords
polystyrene nanoparticles, nanoplastic toxicity, Paracentrotus lividus, sea urchin embryo, embryotoxicity, surface charge, carboxylated polystyrene, nanoparticle aggregation, nanoparticle accumulation, caspase-8, apoptosis, P-glycoprotein, 14-3-3ε, ABCC5, marine microplastics
MeSH terms
Animals, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Female, Polystyrenes, Seawater, Water Pollutants, Chemical, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters, Gastrointestinal Tract, Paracentrotus, Caspase 8, Nanoparticles

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